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Technology Economics Sodium Hypochlorite Chemical Production


Technology Economics Sodium Hypochlorite Chemical Production
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Technology Economics Sodium Hypochlorite Chemical Production


Technology Economics Sodium Hypochlorite Chemical Production
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Author : Intratec
language : en
Publisher: Intratec Solutions
Release Date : 2013-03-27

Technology Economics Sodium Hypochlorite Chemical Production written by Intratec and has been published by Intratec Solutions this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-27 with Technology & Engineering categories.


Sodium hypochlorite is an excellent disinfecting agent employed in water treatment, cleaning and laundry operations. Transport and handling safety concerns have direct public opinion towards the use of sodium hypochlorite rather than chlorine gas in water treatment, which represents a significant market expansion potential. This publication reviews the technical aspects of a industrial bleach production process similar to the Solvay Chemicals. The analysis also includes estimates for both the capital investment and the operating costs of typical plants on the US Gulf Coast and in Brazil. This study follows the same pattern as all Technology Economics studies developed by Intratec. About Technology Economics Technology Economics studies are advisory services ordered by leading chemical companies, which are disclosed to public after an agreeded upon period of time. All Technology Economics studies are based on the same rigorous methodology and well-defined structure, encompassing: Process flow diagrams and material balances Raw material and utility consumptions Major equipment sizing Inside and outside battery limits capital costs Detailed fixed and variable manufacturing expenses



Sodium Hypochlorite Chemical Production


Sodium Hypochlorite Chemical Production
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Author : Intratec
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012-09-20

Sodium Hypochlorite Chemical Production written by Intratec and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-20 with categories.


Sodium hypochlorite is the active constituent in chlorine bleach. It is an excellent disinfecting agent that is employed in water treatment, cleaning and laundry operations. Transport and handling safety concerns have direct public opinion towards the use of sodium hypochlorite rather than chlorine gas in water treatment, which represents a significant market expansion potential. In this report, it is reviewed the industrial bleach production through the chlorination of caustic soda by chlorine gas in packed columns. Included in the analysis is an overview of the technology and economics of a widely used process, similar to the employed by Solvay Chemicals. Both the capital investment and the operating costs for plants erected on the US Gulf Coast, Germany and Brazil are presented. About the Publication Program The Technology Economics Program is a program that provides, by way of periodic reports, in-depth techno-economic assessments covering mature process technologies used by the chemical, polymer, refining and allied industries. Each report presents the following topics: process flow diagrams and description heat and material balances major equipment list equipment cost estimates bulk material and installation costs inside and outside battery limits capital costs process yields, raw material and utility consumptions fixed costs contributions process profitability by location



Sodium Hypochlorite Via Chemical Process Cost Analysis Sodium Hypochlorite E11a


Sodium Hypochlorite Via Chemical Process Cost Analysis Sodium Hypochlorite E11a
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Author : Intratec
language : en
Publisher: Intratec Solutions
Release Date : 2016-03-08

Sodium Hypochlorite Via Chemical Process Cost Analysis Sodium Hypochlorite E11a written by Intratec and has been published by Intratec Solutions this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-08 with Business & Economics categories.


This report presents a cost analysis of sodium hypochlorite production from sodium hydroxide and chlorine. The process examined is a typical chemical process. This report examines one-time costs associated with the construction of a United States-based plant and the continuing costs associated with the daily operation of such a plant. More specifically, it discusses: * Capital Investment, broken down by: - Total fixed capital required, divided in production unit (ISBL); infrastructure (OSBL) and contingency - Alternative perspective on the total fixed capital, divided in direct costs, indirect costs and contingency - Working capital and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up * Production cost, broken down by: - Manufacturing variable costs (raw materials, utilities) - Manufacturing fixed costs (maintenance costs, operating charges, plant overhead, local taxes and insurance) - Depreciation and corporate overhead costs * Raw materials consumption, products generation and labor requirements * Process block flow diagram and description of industrial site installations (production unit and infrastructure) This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): "Chlorine Oxides and Chlorine Oxygen Acids", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition Keywords: Bleach, Chlorination, Caustic Soda, NaOH, Solvay Chemicals, Chlor-alkali



Calcium Hypochlorite Production Via Sodium Method Cost Analysis Calcium Hypochlorite E11a


Calcium Hypochlorite Production Via Sodium Method Cost Analysis Calcium Hypochlorite E11a
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Author : Intratec
language : en
Publisher: Intratec
Release Date : 2017-06-01

Calcium Hypochlorite Production Via Sodium Method Cost Analysis Calcium Hypochlorite E11a written by Intratec and has been published by Intratec this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-01 with Business & Economics categories.


This report presents a cost analysis of Calcium Hypochlorite production from slaked lime, sodium hydroxide and chlorine The process examined is a typical sodium process. This process consists mainly in passing chlorine into a slurry of slaked lime and sodium hydroxide, generating Calcium Hypochlorite and sodium chloride. After separation steps, Calcium Hypochlorite (about 70 wt%) and an aqueous solution of sodium chloride are obtained as products. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 4390512, issued to PPG Industries, Inc., in 1983 (2) US Patent 4428919, issued to PPG Industries, Inc., in 1984 Keywords: Caustic Soda, Calcium Salt, Bleaching Powder, Chlorination, Sodium Method, Slaked Lime



Modern Chlor Alkali Technology


Modern Chlor Alkali Technology
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Author : John Moorhouse
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2008-04-15

Modern Chlor Alkali Technology written by John Moorhouse and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-15 with Science categories.


The book addresses the latest technical developments in the chlorine industry with emphasis on operational improvements. The effects of economic, political, environmental and safety issues surrounding the industry are covered.



Modern Chlor Alkali Technology


Modern Chlor Alkali Technology
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Author : T.C. Wellington
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Modern Chlor Alkali Technology written by T.C. Wellington and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.


The papers in this volume were presented at the 1991 London International Chlorine Symposium held at the intercontinental Hotel from 5th-7th June. This was the sixth symposium in a series organized by the Electrochemical Technology Group of the SCI and held in London at intervals of three years. A continued high level of interest in the proceedings was demonstrated by offers of 40 papers, and of these 26 were selected for inclusion in the programme. The conference intention was to reflect the developments in chlorine technology hardware and software and to address the economic, political, environmental and safety issues which are increasingly impacting on the chlorine industry as the millennium approaches. In the event the five sessions were broadly based on the following topic areas: Chlorine and the Environment Membranes 1 Membranes 2 Chlorine Safety Electrodes/Electrode Reactions Not unexpectedly, the importance of membrane technology to the industry was reflected by the inclusion of 9 papers. However, the traditional diaphragm, mercury and chlorate cell technologies were also represented. The academic base of the organizing body was underlined by the selection of papers from the Universities of Milan and Calgary, and by the opening and closing remarks of the Chairman of the SCI Electrochemical Technology Group, Frank Goodridge, Professor Emeritus of Newcastle University. The opportunity was taken to present the SCI Castner Medal to Dr H. Miyake of Asahi Glass Co. Ltd for his work on the design and development of Flemion electrodes.



Providing Safe Drinking Water In Small Systems


Providing Safe Drinking Water In Small Systems
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Author : Joseph Cotruvo
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-01-15

Providing Safe Drinking Water In Small Systems written by Joseph Cotruvo and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.


The continued lack of access to adequate amounts of safe drinking water is one of the primary causes of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide and a serious situation which governments, international agencies and private organizations are striving to alleviate. Barriers to providing safe drinking water for rural areas and small communities that must be overcome include the financing and stability of small systems, their operation, and appropriate, cost-effective technologies to treat and deliver water to consumers. While we know how to technically produce safe drinking water, we are not always able to achieve sustainable safe water supplies for small systems in developed and developing countries. Everyone wants to move rapidly to reach the goal of universal safe drinking water, because safe water is the most fundamental essential element for personal and social health and welfare. Without safe water and a safe environment, sustained personal economic and cultural development is impossible. Often small rural systems are the last in the opportunity line. Safe Drinking Water in Small Systems describes feasible technologies, operating procedures, management, and financing opportunities to alleviate problems faced by small water systems in both developed and developing countries. In addition to widely used traditional technologies this reference presents emerging technologies and non-traditional approaches to water treatment, management, sources of energy, and the delivery of safe water.



Inorganic Chemical Production Plant Equipment World Summary


Inorganic Chemical Production Plant Equipment World Summary
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Author : Editorial Datagroup
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020-06-23

Inorganic Chemical Production Plant Equipment World Summary written by Editorial Datagroup and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-23 with categories.


The Inorganic Chemical Production Plant & Equipment World Summary Paperback Edition provides 7 years of Historic & Current data on the market in up to 100 countries. The Aggregated market comprises of the 36 Products / Services listed. The Products and Markets covered (Inorganic chemical production plant & equipment) are classified by the Major Products and then further defined by each subsidiary Product or Market Sector. In addition full Financial Data (188 items: Historic & Current Balance Sheet, Financial Margins and Ratios) Data is provided for about 100 countries. Total Market Values are given for 36 Products/Services covered, including: INORGANIC CHEMICAL PRODUCTION PLANT + EQUIPMENT 1. Inorganic chemical production plant & equipment 2. Alumina production plant 3. Ammonia concentration plant 4. Ammonia cracking plant 5. Ammonia distillation plant 6. Ammonia oxidising equipment 7. Ammonia production plant 8. Ammonium nitrate production plant 9. Ammonium sulphate driers 10. Ammonium sulphate production plant 11. Barium carbonate production plant 12. Barium sulphide production plant 13. Calcium carbide production plant 14. Carbon disulphide production plant 15. Chlorine dioxide production plant 16. Copper oxychloride production plant 17. Copper sulphate production plant 18. Hydrogen peroxide production plant 19. Iodine production plant 20. Lead carbonate/white lead production plant 21. Perborate & perchlorate production plant 22. Potassium chloride production plant 23. Potassium hydroxide/potassium hydrate/caustic potash production plant 24. Potassium silicate production plant 25. Red lead oxide/minium production plant 26. Silica gel production plant 27. Soda ash (anhydrous sodium carbonate) production plant 28. Sodium chlorate production plant 29. Sodium hypochlorite, Javel water production plant 30. Sodium silicate production plant 31. Sodium sulphate production plant 32. Sodium sulphide production plant 33. Sodium sulphite production plant 34. Stannous chloride production plant 35. Yellow lead oxide/litharge production plant 36. Zinc oxide/zinc white production plant 37. Inorganic chemical production plant & equipment, nsk There are 188 Financial items covered, including: Total Sales, Pre-tax Profit, Interest Paid, Non-trading Income, Operating Profit, Depreciation, Trading Profit, Assets (Intangible, Intermediate + Fixed), Capital Expenditure, Retirements, Stocks, Total Stocks / Inventory, Debtors, Maintenance Costs, Services Purchased, Current Assets, Total Assets, Creditors, Loans, Current Liabilities, Net Assets / Capital Employed, Shareholders Funds, Employees, Process Costs, Total Input Supplies / Materials + Energy Costs, Employees Remunerations, Sub Contractors, Rental & Leasing, Maintenance, Communication, Expenses, Sales Costs + Expenses, Premises, Handling + Physical Costs, Distribution Costs, Advertising Costs, Product Costs, Customer + After-Sales Costs, Marketing Costs, New Technology + Production, R + D Expenditure, Operational Costs. /.. etc.



Proceedings Of The 7th International Conference On Industrial Engineering Icie 2021


Proceedings Of The 7th International Conference On Industrial Engineering Icie 2021
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Author : Andrey A. Radionov
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-01-01

Proceedings Of The 7th International Conference On Industrial Engineering Icie 2021 written by Andrey A. Radionov and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.


This book highlights recent findings in industrial, manufacturing and mechanical engineering, and provides an overview of the state of the art in these fields, mainly in Russia and Eastern Europe. A broad range of topics and issues in modern engineering is discussed, including the dynamics of machines and working processes, friction, wear and lubrication in machines, surface transport and technological machines, manufacturing engineering of industrial facilities, materials engineering, metallurgy, control systems and their industrial applications, industrial mechatronics, automation and robotics. The book gathers selected papers presented at the 7th International Conference on Industrial Engineering (ICIE), held in Sochi, Russia, in May 2021. The authors are experts in various fields of engineering, and all papers have been carefully reviewed. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to a wide readership, including mechanical and production engineers, lecturers in engineering disciplines, and engineering graduates.



Handbook Of Chlor Alkali Technology


Handbook Of Chlor Alkali Technology
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Author : Thomas F. O'Brien
language : en
Publisher: Plenum Publishing Corporation
Release Date : 2005

Handbook Of Chlor Alkali Technology written by Thomas F. O'Brien and has been published by Plenum Publishing Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Technology & Engineering categories.


Annotation Foreword: - It is surprising that we had to wait so long for a new book that gives a comprehensive treatment of chlor-alkali manufacturing technology. Technologists are largely still making do with the classical book edited by Sconce, but that is more than thirty years old. At the time of its publication, metal anodes were just beginning to appear, and ion-exchange membrane technology was confined to laboratories. The various encyclopedias of industrial technology have more up-to-date information, but they are necessarily limited in their scope. Schmittinger recently provided an excellent shorter treatment of the broad field of chlorine technology and applications. After discussing electrolysis and the principal types of cell, this, too, gives rather brief coverage to brine and product processing. It then follows on with descriptions of the major derivatives and direct uses of chlorine and a discussion of environmental issues. The last feature named above has relieved the authors of this work of the obligation to cover applications in any detail. Instead, they provide a concentrated treatment of all aspects of technology and handling directly related to the products of electrolysis. It covers the field from a history of the industry, through the fundamentals of thermodynamics and electrochemistry, to the treatment and disposal of the waste products of manufacture. Membrane cells are considered the state of the art, but the book does not ignore mercury and diap.