Terrorism And Strategy
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The Strategy Of Terrorism
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Author : Peter R. Neumann
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2007-10-18
The Strategy Of Terrorism written by Peter R. Neumann and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10-18 with History categories.
This is the first book to set out a comprehensive framework by which to understand terrorism as strategy. It contends that even terrorism of the supposedly nihilist variety can be viewed as a bona fide method for distributing means to fulfil the ends of policy, that is, as a strategy. The main purpose of the work is to describe the dynamics of terrorism and evaluate their effectiveness, as well as to theorize upon, and clarify the correlation between, political ends and terrorist means. The text explains the modus operandi of terrorism, and demonstrates how terrorism relies on manipulating the psychological impact of (usually) relatively small-scale attacks. Using a variety of case studies, The Strategy of Terrorism shows how many campaigns of terrorism end in failure when they lose their power to terrify. The authors spell out what a proper understanding of terrorism as a strategy implies for those who want to make terrorism ineffective, and offer a number of policy recommendations derived directly from their critique. This is the first contribution of strategic studies to the study of terrorism, and will be of much interest to students of terrorism, strategy and security studies, as well as military professionals and policy makers.
International Terrorism Post 9 11
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Author : Asaf Siniver
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2010-04-05
International Terrorism Post 9 11 written by Asaf Siniver and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-05 with History categories.
This edited volume brings together both western and non-western approaches to counter-terrorism in the post-9/11 era. This multi-cultural study of counter-terrorism strategies identifies common lessons from failed and successful attempts to counter the terrorist threat and provides guidelines for an effective counter-terrorism strategy. The book explores the changing dynamics of terrorism from a range of perspectives – from the global threat posed by home-grown terrorism in North Africa and the larger security dimensions in the Middle East, to the various strategies employed by western and non-western societies in their efforts to develop effective counter-terrorism strategies. Core themes in the book include the divergent dynamics of the phenomena categorised under the 'terrorism' label, and the domestic, national and regional variants of international terrorism. As such, the book offers in-depth analysis of the relationship between the local and the global, both in the root causes of, and responses to, terrorism since 9/11. This book will be of much interest to students of terrorism and political violence, security studies and IR. Asaf Siniver is Lecturer in International Security in the Department of Political Science and International Studies at the University of Birmingham.
The Rationality Of Terrorism
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Author : Alexander Farrow
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016-12-23
The Rationality Of Terrorism written by Alexander Farrow and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-12-23 with categories.
How do terrorists really think? What motivates a terrorist organization? Why is violence the weapon of choice?This groundbreaking, empirical theory plunges deep into terrorist rationale by exploring terrorism and counter warfare strategies (counterinsurgency, counterterrorism, antiterrorism, and concession). Specifically, I explore the reason why some organizations, like ISIL and Hezbollah, not only conduct attacks but also establish shadow governments by controlling the water supply and even taxing the population.Constructing a game theoretical "strategic interaction model", I analyze how a terrorist organization competes with a government for social control over the population. The conclusion of my modeling is that terrorism is inversely proportional to power, measured by social control. When a terrorist organization is less powerful than the government, it attacks. When it is more powerful, it governs. To illustrate the model, I explore shifts in social control; the primary case studies are Hezbollah in Lebanon, the Taliban in Afghanistan, and the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIS, ISIL, Daesh).My hope is that this theory helps nations precisely suppress terrorist organizations with the appropriate combination of counterinsurgency and counterterrorism._______In Chapter 1, I introduce the puzzle of how violent terrorist organizations often act as shadow governments, supporting the population.In Chapter 2, I outline contemporary literature on terrorism. Specifically, I define the terms terrorism and terrorist organization to ensure that the theory is appropriately applied. Next, I outline the theoretical components of terrorism, explaining concepts like fear as a force multiplier. Then, I illustrate the fundamental components of counter warfare, including counterinsurgency and counterterrorism strategies. Finally, I illustrate why contemporary literature is unable to adequately explain long run shifts in terrorist strategy. I therefore suggest a new model for studying terrorism -- a strategic interaction model.In Chapter 3, I develop a strategic interaction model of terrorism. Firstly, I define the rules of interaction between a terrorist organization, a government, and a population. Then, I establish a connection between political power and social control. Next, I construct the terrorist organization and government's social control functions in order to analyze each of their respective interactions with the population. Finally, I analyze how the two functions interdependently determine primary warfare strategies. In Chapter 4, I apply this theory to two case studies using time and shift in social control as the independent variables and strategy as the dependent variable. I choose Hezbollah in Lebanon and the Taliban in Afghanistan as case studies because of their definitive shifts in social control. Hezbollah gained significant control after ousting Israel from Lebanon in 2000. The Taliban, on the other hand, lost significant control after the US invasion of Afghanistan in 2001 and the establishment of a democratic regime in 2004. In order to quantify shifts in terrorism strategy, I aggregate the number of yearly and monthly attacks. Finally, using narratives, regressions, t-tests, and graphs, I analyze the relationship between social control and strategy shifts.In Chapter 5, I prescribe counter warfare strategies. I briefly outline general steps that the government takes when contemplating primary strategies to combat a terrorist organization. I then apply these counter warfare strategies to ISIL. In this chapter, I hope to give politicians, military commanders, analysts and scholars a more practical lens through which to evaluate counter warfare options. Terrorism cripples populations with fear and chaos. By shedding light on how it works, I hope to develop a new approach to how the international community can counter future terrorism.
The United Kingdom S Strategy For Countering International Terrorism
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Author : Home Office
language : en
Publisher: The Stationery Office
Release Date : 2009
The United Kingdom S Strategy For Countering International Terrorism written by Home Office and has been published by The Stationery Office this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Political Science categories.
This document sets out the United Kingdom's strategy, known as CONTEST, for countering the threat from international terrorism. The aim of CONTEST is to reduce the risk to the United Kingdom (UK) and its interests overseas from international terrorism, so that people can go about their lives freely and with confidence. This is a revised and more detailed version of the strategy contained in "The national security strategy of the United Kingdom" (Cm. 7291, 2008, ISBN 9780101729123). The first part sets the context with a brief history of the changing threat to the United Kingdom and to UK interests overseas from international terrorism, examines the present threat, the factors which are shaping it and the assumptions about how it may develop. The second part sets out the principles which will govern the strategy, including a commitment to human rights and the rule of law, recognition of the need to address the causes as well as the symptoms of terrorism and the need to co-operate with other countries. The four main streams of the CONTEST strategy are: (1) pursue - to stop terrorist attacks; (2) prevent - to stop people becoming terrorists or supporting violent extremism; (3) protect - to strengthen our protection against terrorist attack; (4) prepare - where an attack cannot be stopped, to mitigate its impact. The third part of the document outlines who will deliver the strategy and how its impact will be measured. The document concludes with a section explaining the importance of communications as a part of the counter-terrorism strategy.
Combating Terrorism
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Author : Yonah Alexander
language : en
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
Release Date : 2002
Combating Terrorism written by Yonah Alexander and has been published by University of Michigan Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Political Science categories.
A unique survey and assessment of counterterrorism strategies across the globe by prominent experts
Israel S Counterterrorism Strategy
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Author : Boaz Ganor
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2021-07-20
Israel S Counterterrorism Strategy written by Boaz Ganor and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-20 with Political Science categories.
Since declaring independence in 1948, Israel has been involved in an intractable conflict with the Palestinians and its neighbors. While violence has ebbed and flowed over the years, the threat of terrorism has remained a constant factor, shaping Israeli security policy in a unique way. Boaz Ganor provides an authoritative analysis of Israel’s approach to counterterrorism throughout its existence. Drawing on unprecedented access to Israeli leaders, he offers a comprehensive insider’s account of the decision-making processes, challenges, and dilemmas at the core of counterterror activities. Beginning with infiltration attacks from neighboring states immediately after independence and proceeding through the formation of organized Palestinian terror organizations up to the present day, this book details distinct eras of terrorism and how the Israeli state has counteracted them. Ganor also highlights the dynamic nature of both terrorism and counterterrorism: Just as waves of terror rise, fall, and evolve, so too do the measures employed to respond to them. He distills the lessons of Israel’s experience into key tenets for other countries facing the challenge of terrorism. The book features revelatory personal testimony from senior Israeli decision makers who have played pivotal roles in counterterrorism strategy, including prime ministers, defense ministers, Israeli Defense Forces chiefs of staff, and directors of Mossad and Shin Bet. Israel’s Counterterrorism Strategy is indispensable reading for students, scholars, and practitioners alike.
National Counter Terrorism Strategies
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Author : Robert W. Orttung
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date : 2006
National Counter Terrorism Strategies written by Robert W. Orttung and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Political Science categories.
Discusses and compares various reactions to the challenges of mass-scale terrorism. This volume is grounded in a conceptual presumption that the countries directly affected by terrorism produce different types of responses.
Defeating Terrorism
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Author : John Robert Martin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Defeating Terrorism written by John Robert Martin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Security, International categories.
Within only a few days after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, the U.S. Army War College initiated a series of short studies addressing strategic issues in the war on terrorism. This collection of essays analyzes a broad array of subjects of great strategic importance. This volume provides historical documentation of some of the advice given the military leadership in the early days of the war, but it also continues to be a source of solid strategic analysis as the war lengthens and perhaps broadens.
Attacking Terrorism
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Author : Audrey Kurth Cronin
language : en
Publisher: Georgetown University Press
Release Date : 2004-01-14
Attacking Terrorism written by Audrey Kurth Cronin and has been published by Georgetown University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-01-14 with Political Science categories.
The definition and understanding of "terrorism" is in a state of unprecedented evolution. No longer are acts of terrorism rare and far-flung. Following the horrendous attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, U.S. citizens have had their eyes opened to a new world where this nightmare stalks the daily news and is never far from consciousness. Attacking Terrorism brings together some of the world's finest experts, people who have made the study of this rising menace their life's work, to provide a comprehensive picture of the challenges and opportunities of the campaign against international terrorism. Part one, "The Nature of Terrorism," provides an overview and foundation for the current campaign, placing it within the political and historical context of previous threats and responses. Part two, "The Responses to Terrorism," looks at the range of policy instruments required in an effective strategy against terrorism. The contributors to this volume bring finely honed analyses and nuanced perspectives to the terrorist realities of the twenty-first century—history, analyses, and perspectives that have been too often oversimplified or myopic. They bring a new depth of understanding and myriad new dimensions to the crisis of terrorism. And they reach into aspects of counterterrorism that broaden our grasp on such important tools as diplomacy, intelligence and counterintelligence, psycho-political means, international law, criminal law enforcement, military force, foreign aid, and homeland security, showing not only how these tools are currently being employed but how often they are being underutilized as well. Attacking Terrorism demonstrates that there are no easy answers—and that the road toward victory will be long and arduous, frightening and dangerous—but as Audrey Kurth Cronin states in her introduction, "As the campaign against international terrorism unfolds, a crucial forward-looking process of strategic reassessment is under way in the United States, and this book is intended to be a part of it."
Strategies For Preventing Terrorism
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Author : T. Bjorgo
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-05-03
Strategies For Preventing Terrorism written by T. Bjorgo and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-03 with Social Science categories.
This innovative new book aims to put society's fight against terrorism into a comprehensive crime prevention perspective with a clear, understandable theoretical foundation, developing a general model for the prevention of crime which is, in this book, applied to terrorism.