The Application Of Molecular Tools Towards The Study Of Brown Algal Chemical Ecology And The Production Of Phlorotannins
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The Application Of Molecular Tools Towards The Study Of Brown Algal Chemical Ecology And The Production Of Phlorotannins
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Author : Karen Nicole Pelletreau
language : en
Publisher: ProQuest
Release Date : 2008
The Application Of Molecular Tools Towards The Study Of Brown Algal Chemical Ecology And The Production Of Phlorotannins written by Karen Nicole Pelletreau and has been published by ProQuest this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Brown algae categories.
Phlorotannins occur exclusively in marine brown algae, where they are a major group of secondary metabolites comprising up to 20-30% dry mass in some species. While at times there appear to be patterns associated with phlorotannin concentration and distribution, the interpretation of these patterns in terms of phlorotannin function is often confounded by methodological, temporal, spatial and phylogenetic variability. To clearly understand the underlying factors that affect phlorotannin production, it is critical that the cellular and molecular processes involved in phlorotannin synthesis be identified and that their regulation addressed at the molecular level. Quantification of phlorotannin concentration is an important element of all phlorotannin studies. Current quantification methods are entirely reliant on colorimetric or microscopic approaches. This study explores methods to streamline existing colorimetric assays (Chapter 2). The results suggest the use of a 96 well high-throughput format, with shorter incubation times and the use of sodium dodecyl sulfate as a denaturant, decreases overall processing time and increases experimental power. The molecular approach used in this study explored biosynthetic and genetic processes involved in phlorotannin synthesis. Because of the reactivity of phlorotannins, molecular studies on brown algae have proven challenging. An initial, target specific PCR-based approach to amplify genes of secondary metabolism in Fucus vesiculosus proved unsuccessful (Chapter 3), therefore a broader more inclusive approach of suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used to characterize gene expression in phlorotannin producing algae. These SSH cDNA libraries generated 165 novel genes from Fucus vesiculosus . In the first library, gene expression in adventitious branches, which constitutively produce higher phlorotannins than vegetative branches, was investigated in the context of resource allocation (Chapter 4). Although investment into phlorotannin production was high in these branches, genes from the SSH cDNA library were primarily those involved in photosynthesis, growth and primary metabolism, contradicting the prediction of the optimal defense model of resource allocation (Chapter 4). Induction of phlorotannin production using a known signaling molecule, volatile methyl jasmonate (MeJA) was investigated (Chapter 5). Temporal changes in response to MeJA were observed, with a significant induction of phlorotannin synthesis occurring after a two week period. Perception of the volatile signal occurred regardless of season (winter vs. summer) or of application (volatile vs. direct exposure), and while algae were both submerged and emersed. Gene expression patterns supported a stress response in the algae treated with MeJA, and several up-regulated genes were suggestive of an octadecanoid-like/volatile signaling pathway in brown algae. Many of the genes characterized in this study have potential application for ecological study. This initial investigation of the molecular underpinnings of phlorotannins synthesis is a step towards generating direct links between environmental cues and expression of metabolic enzymes, an understanding of which will ultimately enhance the development of ecological models to explain the functional role of phlorotannins and in brown algae. In turn, this will result in a better characterization of the primary factors that shape intertidal and subtidal ecology.
Blue Biotechnology
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Author : Stephane La Barre
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2018-09-06
Blue Biotechnology written by Stephane La Barre and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-06 with Science categories.
With its integral treatment of ecosystem and resource management, this is the only overview of the field to address current thinking and future trends. All contributions have been written with the novice in mind, explaining the basics and highlighting recent developments and achievements. Unmatched in scope, this two-volume reference covers both traditional and well-established areas of marine biotechnology, such as biomass production, alongside such novel ones as biofuels, biological protection of structures and bioinspired materials. In so doing, it ties together information usually only found in widely dispersed sources to assemble a grand unified view of the current state of and prospects for this multi-faceted discipline. The combination of the breadth of topics and the focus on modern ideas make this introductory book especially suitable for teaching purposes and for guiding newcomers to the many possibilities offered by this booming field.
Blue Biotechnology
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Author : Stephane La Barre
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2018-09-06
Blue Biotechnology written by Stephane La Barre and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-06 with Science categories.
With its integral treatment of ecosystem and resource management, this is the only overview of the field to address current thinking and future trends. All contributions have been written with the novice in mind, explaining the basics and highlighting recent developments and achievements. Unmatched in scope, this two-volume reference covers both traditional and well-established areas of marine biotechnology, such as biomass production, alongside such novel ones as biofuels, biological protection of structures and bioinspired materials. In so doing, it ties together information usually only found in widely dispersed sources to assemble a grand unified view of the current state of and prospects for this multi-faceted discipline. The combination of the breadth of topics and the focus on modern ideas make this introductory book especially suitable for teaching purposes and for guiding newcomers to the many possibilities offered by this booming field.
Marine Chemical Ecology
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Author : James B. McClintock
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2001-06-13
Marine Chemical Ecology written by James B. McClintock and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-06-13 with Science categories.
The interdisciplinary field of marine chemical ecology is an expanding and dynamic science. It is no surprise that the breadth of marine organisms studied expanded in concert with developments in underwater technology. With its up-to-date subject reviews by experts, Marine Chemical Ecology is the most current, comprehensive book on the subject. The
Sea Plants
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2014-05-21
Sea Plants written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-21 with Science categories.
Advances in Botanical Research publishes in-depth and up-to-date reviews on a wide range of topics in plant sciences. The series features several reviews by recognized experts on all aspects of plant genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, physiology and ecology. This thematic volume, number 71, features reviews on sea plants. Its chapters cover topics such as the role of algae in sustainability; the status of kelp exploitation and marine agronomy; potential applications for enzymatic recovery of metabolites from seaweeds; and many more. Publishes in-depth and up-to-date reviews on a wide range of topics in plant sciences Features a wide range of reviews by recognized experts on all aspects of plant genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, physiology, and ecology Volume features reviews on sea plants
Algal Chemical Ecology
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Author : Charles D. Amsler
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-11-03
Algal Chemical Ecology written by Charles D. Amsler and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-11-03 with Science categories.
Yet another Springer world-beater, this is the first ever book devoted to the chemical ecology of algae. It covers both marine and freshwater habitats and all types of algae, from seaweeds to phytoplankton. While the book emphasizes the ecological rather than chemical aspects of the field, it does include a unique introductory chapter that serves as a primer on algal natural products chemistry.
Defensive And Sensory Chemical Ecology Of Brown Algae
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Author : Charles D. Amsler
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Defensive And Sensory Chemical Ecology Of Brown Algae written by Charles D. Amsler and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Brown algae categories.
Bioactive Compounds From Marine Foods
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Author : Blanca Hernández-Ledesma
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2013-09-30
Bioactive Compounds From Marine Foods written by Blanca Hernández-Ledesma and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-30 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Part of the IFT Press series, this book reviews the myriad published information on bioactive components derived from marine foods, enabling researchers and product developers to select appropriate functional ingredients for new products. Chapters cover foods and food ingredients from both animal and plant marine sources, focusing on those which demonstrate biological properties and whose constituent compounds have been isolated and identified as potentially active. This book further addresses the biological activities of PUFAs (Polyunsaturated fatty acids), oils, phospholipids, proteins and peptides, fibres, carbohydrates, chitosans, vitamins and minerals, fucoxantin, polyphenols, phytosterols, taurine, amongst others. These components, found in a variety of marine-derived foods, have been demonstrated to have preventative properties with regard to hypertension, oxidative stress, inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, cancer and other human diseases. Extraction methods and analysis techniques are also addressed. Intended for food scientists, food technologists and food engineers in academia, industry and government, this book reviews the substantial quantity of current research in this fast-moving and commercially valuable sector of food and nutrition science.
Marine Phenolics
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Author : Herminia Domínguez
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2021-08-16
Marine Phenolics written by Herminia Domínguez and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-16 with Science categories.
Phenolic compounds are an extremely diverse class of ubiquitous secondary metabolites produced by a variety of organisms playing different biological roles. They have numerous types of demonstrated bioactivities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antitumoral, immunomodulator, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, and antidiabetic activities. Marine organisms produce a vast collection of unique phenolic structures, some of them not found in terrestrial habitats. Progress in different aspects is rapidly advancing, and this Special Issue will provide updated information and recent studies on marine phenolics. Specially, this issue is focused on their chemical characterization, elucidation of their structures, evaluation of their biological properties and mechanisms of action, efficient extraction and purification technologies, development of value-added applications, as well as formulation of novel products.
Marine Algae Extracts 2 Volume Set
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Author : Se-Kwon Kim
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2015-04-27
Marine Algae Extracts 2 Volume Set written by Se-Kwon Kim and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-27 with Science categories.
Designed as the primary reference for the biotechnological use of macroalgae, this comprehensive handbook covers the entire value chain from the cultivation of algal biomass to harvesting and processing it, to product extraction and formulation. In addition to covering a wide range of product classes, from polysaccharides to terpenes and from enyzmes to biofuels, it systematically discusses current and future applications of algae-derived products in pharmacology, medicine, cosmetics, food and agriculture. In doing so, it brings together the expertise of marine researchers, biotechnologists and process engineers for a one-stop resource on the biotechnology of marine macroalgae.