The Babylonian Theory Of The Planets

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The Babylonian Theory Of The Planets

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Author : N. M. Swerdlow
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2014-07-14

The Babylonian Theory Of The Planets written by N. M. Swerdlow and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-14 with Science categories.

In the second millennium b.c., Babylonian scribes assembled a vast collection of astrological omens, believed to be signs from the gods concerning the kingdom's political, military, and agricultural fortunes. The importance of these omens was such that from the eighth or seventh until the first century, the scribes observed the heavens nightly and recorded the dates and locations of ominous phenomena of the moon and planets in relation to stars and constellations. The observations were arranged in monthly reports along with notable events and prices of agricultural commodities, the object being to find correlations between phenomena in the heavens and conditions on earth. These collections of omens and observations form the first empirical science of antiquity and were the basis of the first mathematical science, astronomy. For it was discovered that planetary phenomena, although irregular and sometimes concealed by bad weather, recur in limited periods within cycles in which they are repeated on nearly the same dates and in nearly the same locations. N. M. Swerdlow's book is a study of the collection and observation of ominous celestial phenomena and of how intervals of time, locations by zodiacal sign, and cycles in which the phenomena recur were used to reduce them to purely arithmetical computation, thereby surmounting the greatest obstacle to observation, bad weather. The work marks a striking advance in our understanding of both the origin of scientific astronomy and the astrological divination through which the kingdoms of ancient Mesopotamia were governed. Originally published in 1998. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Ancient Astronomy And Celestial Divination

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Author : Noel M. Swerdlow
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 1999

Ancient Astronomy And Celestial Divination written by Noel M. Swerdlow and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with History categories.

This volume presents recent work on Babylonian celestialdivination and on the Greek inheritors of the Babyloniantradition.In the ancient world, the collection and study of celestial phenomena and the intepretation of their prophetic significance, especially as applied to kings and nations, were closely related sciences carried out by the same scholars. Both ancient sources and modern research agree that astronomy and celestial divination arose in Babylon. Only in the late nineteenth century, however, did scholars begin to identify and decipher the original Babylonian sources, and the process of understanding those sources has been long and difficult. This volume presents recent work on Babylonian celestial divination and on the Greek inheritors of the Babylonian tradition. Both philological and mathematical work are included. The essays shed new light on all of the known textual sources, including the omen series Enuma Anu Enlil, which contains omens from as far back as the early second or even third millennium, and the earliest personal horoscopes, from about 400 B.C., as well as the Astronomical Diaries, ephemerides, and other observational and mathematical texts. One essay concerns astronomical papyri that confirm the extensive transmission of Babylonian methods into Greek; a study of Ptolemy's lunar theory suggests that Ptolemy relied more on his own observations than previously thought; and an analysis of Theon's commentary on Ptolemy's Handy Tables shows that Theon explicated their meaning both conscientiously and competently.ContributorsAsger Aaboe, Alan C. Bowen, Lis Brack-Bernsen, John P. Britton, Bernard R. Goldstein, Gerd Graßhoff, Hermann Hunger, Alexander Jones, Erica Reiner, F. Rochberg, N. M. Swerdlow, Anne Tihon, C. B. F. Walker

Babylonian Planetary Omens Part Four

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Author : Erica Reiner
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2021-10-11

Babylonian Planetary Omens Part Four written by Erica Reiner and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-11 with History categories.

This volume presents the edition and translation of first-millennium BC Babylonian omens derived from the appearance and movements of the planet Jupiter. David Pingree’s introduction and astronomical commentary shows the extent of the Babylonian scholars’ knowledge of astronomical phenomena.

Hellenistic Astronomy

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Author : Alan C. Bowen
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2020-02-17

Hellenistic Astronomy written by Alan C. Bowen and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-17 with History categories.

In Hellenistic Astronomy: The Science in Its Contexts, renowned scholars address questions about what the ancient science of the heavens was and the numerous contexts in which it was pursued.

Babylonian Planetary Theory

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Author : Otto Neugebauer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1954

Babylonian Planetary Theory written by Otto Neugebauer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1954 with Astronomy, Assyro-Babylonian categories.

Episodes From The Early History Of Astronomy

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Author : Asger Aaboe
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-06-27

Episodes From The Early History Of Astronomy written by Asger Aaboe and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-27 with Science categories.

Phenomena in the heavens are of great importance to many, and much of the lore of astronomy and astrology dates back to the earliest days of civilisation. The astronomy of the ancients is thus of interest not only as history but also as the basis for much of what is known or believed about the heavens today. This book discusses important topics in Babylonian and Greek astronomy.

On Babylonian Planetary Theories

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Author : Asger Hartvig Aaboe
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1957

On Babylonian Planetary Theories written by Asger Hartvig Aaboe and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1957 with Celestial mechanics categories.

Babylonian Planetary Omens Without Special Title

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Author : Erica Reiner
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 1998-01-01

Babylonian Planetary Omens Without Special Title written by Erica Reiner and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-01-01 with History categories.

This third fascicle of Babylonian Planetary Omens contains the edition of all cuneiform texts dealing with the planet Venus known to us. Most of these tablets are kept in the British Museum; the large number of unpublished texts were transliterated and the previously published texts were checked and collated from the originals. The texts are accompanied by translations, and each group of texts is commented upon by David Pingree from the point of view of the text history and astronomical significance. A general introduction, also by David Pingree, analyzes the descriptions of Venus that occur in the texts in terms of astronomical phenomena. Indices are included to facilitate the study of this large corpus.

A Study Of Babylonian Goal Year Planetary Astronomy

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Author : Jennifer Mary Knightley Gray
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009

A Study Of Babylonian Goal Year Planetary Astronomy written by Jennifer Mary Knightley Gray and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Astronomy, Assyro-Babylonian categories.

Throughout the Late Babylonian Period, Mesopotamian astronomers made nightly observations of the planets, Moon and stars. Based on these observations, they developed several different techniques for predicting future astronomical events. The present study aims to improve our understanding of a particular empirical method of prediction, which made use of planetary periods? a period of time over which a planet?s motion recurs very closely? to predict that planet?s future motion. Various planetary periods are referred to in many Late Babylonian astronomical texts. By collecting together these periods and analysing their effectiveness, it was found that, generally, the most effective of the planetary periods were those which were used in the production of a particular type of text known as a Goal-Year Text. The Goal-Year Texts contain excerpts of astronomical observational records, with the planetary records having been taken from particular observation years with these planetary periods in mind? such that each planet?s motion will recur during the same, specific, future year. It has been suggested that they form an intermediate step towards the compilation of the non-mathematical predictive texts known as Almanacs and Normal Star Almanacs. An analysis of theoretically calculated dates of planetary events showed that, if the Goal-Year Texts were to be used as a source for making empirical predictions, particular corrections (specific to each planet) would need to be applied to the dates of the planetary records found in the Goal-Year Texts. These corrections take the form of regular corrections to the day of an event (a?date correction?), and more irregular corrections of?1 month (a?month shift?). An extensive investigation of the Babylonian non-mathematical texts demonstrated that the observed differences in the dates of events, when comparing equivalent records in all known extant Almanacs and Normal Star Almanacs with those in the Goal-Year Texts, were extremely consistent with theoretical expectations. This lends considerable support to the theory that the Goal-Year Texts? records formed the?raw data? used in the compilation of the Almanacs and Normal Star Almanacs. It was also possible to analyse several other aspects of Late Babylonian non-mathematical astronomy during the course of this study. These topics include the usage of particular stars in the predictive texts, the meaning of certain terminology found in records of the Babylonian zodiacal signs, and the specific issues related to the planet Mercury?s periods of visibility and invisibility. Therefore, this investigation enhances many aspects of our knowledge of Late Babylonian astronomical practices.

Mesopotamian Astrology

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Author : Ulla Susanne Koch
language : en
Publisher: Museum Tusculanum Press
Release Date : 1995

Mesopotamian Astrology written by Ulla Susanne Koch and has been published by Museum Tusculanum Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with History categories.

This book is intended to serve as a general introduction to Mesopotamian astrology, both its outward phenomena and its inner structure.