The Caldera
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The Caldera
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Author : C.H. Foertmeyer
language : en
Publisher: iUniverse
Release Date : 2004-07-28
The Caldera written by C.H. Foertmeyer and has been published by iUniverse this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-07-28 with Fiction categories.
Thirty-four years have passed since Kevin Reynolds perpetrated the most heinous crime the citizens of Carver, Montana had ever witnessed in their small, alpine community. Now, Kevin's cousin, Mitch, has found a bundle of old letters written by Kevin to his father in 2001, the year of Kevin's execution. His curiosity peaked, Mitch has recruited two of his good friends to hike up to the Blind Valley caldera and scout out the scene of the crimes of 1969 and to try to find the hidden cave where the old mountain man, Sam Elliott, once lived. As far as the boys are concerned their trip to Blind Valley is supposed to be a six-day expedition filled with the sights and smells of the wilderness. What they expect to find is a sugar bowl valley Mitch's cousin Kevin referred to as Short Pines. So what do they find? A seemingly peaceful valley, the floor of which is thickly forested with stunted evergreens and ringed with high granite cliffs. The three friends find that the Blind Valley caldera is a place of great beauty, yet it is someplace very much more unworldly than they ever could have imagined
The Island In The Caldera
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Author : Xueling Lin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
The Island In The Caldera written by Xueling Lin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Singaporean fiction (English) categories.
The Caldera Clippings A Journal Produced On Board The Ship Caldera
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1877
The Caldera Clippings A Journal Produced On Board The Ship Caldera written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1877 with categories.
The Caldera
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Author : John Flanagan
language : en
Publisher: Penguin
Release Date : 2018-11-20
The Caldera written by John Flanagan and has been published by Penguin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-20 with Juvenile Fiction categories.
The Herons take to the high seas to fend off pirates and rescue the heir to an empire in the newest adventure from John Flanagan, author of the worldwide bestselling Ranger's Apprentice! Includes BONUS content--a brand-new Ranger's Apprentice short story featuring fan-favorites Will and Maddie! In Hallasholm, Stig is contesting the annual Maktig competition to decide Skandia’s greatest warrior. But a late-night knock on the door brings someone Stig never expected to see again, along with a request the Herons are hard-pressed to refuse: a rescue mission of epic proportions. Across the ocean, the southern city-state of Byzantos is plagued by a crew of pirates who’ve kidnapped the son of Empress Justina. Slipping out of Hallasholm under the cover of darkness, the brotherband sets sail to recover the boy from his kidnappers, heading south to the island of Santorillos where a near-impenetrable fortress stands atop a cliff, surrounded by a lagoon—a caldera—formed by the crater of a volcano. In this explosive seventh book in the action-packed Brotherband Chronicles, the Herons battle pirates amid stormy seas as the fate of an empire rests on their shoulders.
Death On The Caldera
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Author : EMILY. PAXMAN
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2025
Death On The Caldera written by EMILY. PAXMAN and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025 with categories.
The Caldera
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Author : John Flanagan
language : en
Publisher: Puffin
Release Date : 2018-11-20
The Caldera written by John Flanagan and has been published by Puffin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-20 with categories.
Hal and the Herons return home to Hallasholm as Stig clashes against foes in the annual Maktig competition to decide Skandia's greatest warrior. But then a late-night knock on the door brings someone Stig never expected to see again, and a request th
The Caldera Clippings A Journal Produced On Board The Ship Caldera
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Author : CALDERA CLIPPINGS.
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1877
The Caldera Clippings A Journal Produced On Board The Ship Caldera written by CALDERA CLIPPINGS. and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1877 with categories.
Understanding Large Caldera In Filling Processes
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Author : Madelaine Ann Welcome Willcock
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Understanding Large Caldera In Filling Processes written by Madelaine Ann Welcome Willcock and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
The eruption of the Permian Ora caldera of northern Italy during the Hercynian-Variscan tectonic cycle, represents one of the largest explosive eruptions on Earth, having erupted more than 1290 km3 of material, and provides significant information on caldera eruption processes. Research on large caldera volcanoes (> 100 km3) is important due to their potentially devastating global impacts on the natural world and human society. The absence of such an eruption in recent recorded history means fundamental questions remain unanswered regarding the processes related to these volcanoes. The Permian Ora caldera offers a unique opportunity to examine the eruptions of these gigantic systems because of the rare and exceptional preservation and exposure of the intra-caldera fill sequence. The purpose of this study is to document the lithofacies, and the stratigraphic architecture of the Ora caldera, and also to interpret processes such as the timing and nature of caldera collapse, eruption styles, pyroclastic flow processes within the intra-caldera and proximal extra-caldera settings, and caldera in-filling processes. The research approach adopted in this study included detailed field stratigraphic logging, petrographic analysis of componentry and texture, anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility analysis (AMS) of pyroclastic flow patterns, and geochemical analysis. This study has established that the Ora Formation consists of rhyolitic ignimbrite deposits (67.95% - 77.73% SiO2), with sub-ordinate basal volcanic lithic breccia and local interbedded surge layers. The ignimbrite succession is crystal-rich (~25 - 57%; Ø43%), lithic-poor (0 - 46%; Ø2%), has common juvenile clasts (0 to ~45%; Ø20%), is ubiquitously welded, and has a relatively uniform main mineral population (volcanic quartz, sanidine, plagioclase, and biotite). The Ora Formation has been divided into four members (ORAa - ORAd) which consist of (a) a basal volcanic lithic breccia; (b) lithic-rich ignimbrite with minor surge lithofacies; (c) the dominant, thick(> 1 km thickness in total), coarse-crystal-rich ignimbrite (including the bimodal crystal sub-facies), with local interbedded vitrophyre, fine-crystal-rich, and lithic-rich ignimbrite, and minor surge lithofacies deposits; and (d) the fine-crystal-rich ignimbrite with minor lithic-rich ignimbrite lithofacies deposits. These members largely define the eruption phases, from vent opening (member a), vent clearing (member b), waxing and steady eruption (member c), to waning eruption stages (member d). Members a and b reveal caldera collapse occurred from the onset of eruption and identify potential source vent locations, whereas member c illustrates late stage overspill of material from the caldera system. The Ora caldera is proposed as being a volcano-tectonic system, which formed two pene-contemporaneous, coalesced caldera collapse depressions: Northern and Southern. This is interpreted to have occurred via rapid, relatively passive, piston style collapse events, producing a caldera complex approximately 42 x 40 km in size. The ignimbrite succession has a restricted compositional range. Nevertheless, detailed textural, compositional, mineralogical, and stratigraphic data support an eruption evolving from south to north, and the existence of a weakly zoned magma chamber. This is illustrated particularly by a subtle northwards decrease in modal free crystal biotite abundance across the deposit. Other major findings based on fieldwork and laboratory studies include: (i) the absence of a Plinian fallout deposit, indicating that a buoyant Plinian eruption column did not form; (ii) the eruption was marked by a low, continuously collapsing eruption fountain style, which was limited from the outset by catastrophic caldera collapse and decompression of the magma chamber; (iii) the vent was a fissure system with multiple discharge points, feeding more or less on-going, subtly different, pyroclastic flow pulses; (iv) the vertical lithofacies changes record temporal variation in eruption intensity, source material, and source location, demonstrating an incremental caldera in-filling process; (v) the AMS magnetic fabric of the ignimbrite succession indicates changing vertical and lateral pyroclastic flow directions and source locations of the flow pulses; (vi) the pyroclastic flow system was a hot and poorly expanded, high particle concentration, granular density current, with laminar shear forces close to the depositional boundary, and limited ash winnowing; and (vii) the eruption style and pyroclastic flow dynamics facilitated complete deposit welding, illustrated by plastically deformed juvenile shard and fiamme clast morphologies.This research has detailed for the first time the eruptive products and stratigraphy of the Ora Formation and reconstructed the eruption processes and evolution of the Ora caldera system. Key findings include identification of the relative timing of caldera collapse, the caldera in-filling processes, and delineation of a lithostratigraphic and chemical architecture within the deposits. These results highlight the vital role investigation of the intra-caldera deposit plays in understanding of caldera processes. The intra-caldera ignimbrite succession shares many of the general characteristics described for ignimbrites in the extra-caldera setting, which implies that classification schemes and models of pyroclastic flow and emplacement processes are largely transferable between the two settings.
The Caldera Of Mount Bambouto
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Author : Ghislain Zangmo Tefogoum
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
The Caldera Of Mount Bambouto written by Ghislain Zangmo Tefogoum and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Electronic books categories.
Mount Bambouto culminates at 2744 m (Meletan Mountain) where an elliptical caldera of 16 × 8 km is found. Although that caldera has been a subject of numerous scientific works, complementary studies were needed to bring out additional data used to classify it through the Caldera DataBase of Geyer and Marti (2008). It emerges that Bambouto Caldera codes are 2 and 203 because it is respectively located in Africa and Central Africa according to the numbering system developed in the Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World. The collapse type of the caldera is piecemeal; this relies on the fact that the caldera floor is uneven. Several rocks crop out in the caldera; accordingly, its code is B, I, T, P, and Ig viz. basalts, intermediate rocks, trachytes, phonolites, and ignimbrites. Bambouto depression is the ignimbrite caldera because it is associated with thick ignimbrite sheer, that ruled its collapse. The chemical analysis of rocks reveals that the magmatic series of Bambouto Caldera is of alkaline type. It has been built through the continental rifting of extensional type (RC-EXT). The collapse process has been followed by post-caldera protrusion of trachytic and phonolitic domes; then, its codes are Type-S and type-MS.
The Caldera Of Axial Volcano Remote Sensing And Submersible Studies Of A Hydrothermally Active Submarine Volcano
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Author : R. W. Embley
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
The Caldera Of Axial Volcano Remote Sensing And Submersible Studies Of A Hydrothermally Active Submarine Volcano written by R. W. Embley and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with categories.