The Challenge To The Auspices

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The Challenge To The Auspices

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Author : Christoph F. Konrad
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2022-08-25

The Challenge To The Auspices written by Christoph F. Konrad and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-25 with Divination categories.

No public action of the Roman state, the populus Romanus, at home or at war, was to be carried out without prior permission from Iuppiter Optimus Maximus. Permission was obtained, in a procedure known as auspices, by the magistrate in charge of the intended action-usually a Consul, Praetor, or Dictator. Auspices thus occupy a fundamental place in the-unwritten-constitution of the Roman State. Yet especially in the 3rd century BCE, acceptance of the principle was not always universal. The Challenge to the Auspices presents an investigation into the interaction of Roman magistrates during the Middle Republic with the practice of auspices, with a focus on attempts to avoid, ignore, or resist this requirement. Proceeding from an examination of the Roman concepts of imperium and auspices (auspicia), especially as they relate to the realm of war, and of the constitutional position and powers of the Dictator and the Master-of-Horse (magister equitum) relative to each other and to the Consuls and lower magistrates, the work offers six case studies in which Roman commanders questioned, violated, or openly rejected the need for auspices. It is argued that these instances reflect a not insignificant minority view within the Roman ruling class regarding the efficacy of auspices and the necessity of observing them. The catastrophic outcome in several of these events, particularly during the early years of the Second Punic War, rendered further resistance to the practice politically unsustainable, and by the second century resulted in its universal acceptance, regardless of personal belief.

The Challenge To The Auspices

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Author : Christoph F. Konrad
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022

The Challenge To The Auspices written by Christoph F. Konrad and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Divination categories.

The Challenge to the Auspices presents an investigation into the interaction of Roman magistrates during the Middle Republic with the practice of auspices, with a focus on attempts to avoid, ignore, or resist this requirement.

The Challenge Of Stability And Security In West Africa

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Author : Alexandre Marc
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2015-06-19

The Challenge Of Stability And Security In West Africa written by Alexandre Marc and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-19 with Social Science categories.

Since independence, the West African sub-region has been an arena for a number of large-scale conflicts and civil wars, as well as simmering and low-intensity uprisings. Contrary to perceptions, West Africa in its post-independence history has experienced fewer conflict events and fatalities from conflict than the other sub-regions on the continent. The turn of the millennium has witnessed the recession of large-scale and conventional conflict, and it has ushered in new and emerging threats. The specters of religious extremism, maritime piracy, and narcotics trafficking threaten to undermine some of the progress achieved in recent years. The Challenge of Stability and Security in West Africa critically examines the key drivers of conflict and violence, and the way in which they impact the countries of the sub-region. In addition to emerging threats, these drivers include the challenges of youth inclusion, migration, sub-regional imbalances, and extractives, as well as challenges related to the fragility of political institutions and managing the competition for power, reform of the security sector, and weakness of institutions related to land management. The book explores how the sub-region, under the auspices of the regional organization ECOWAS, has become a pioneer on the continent in terms of addressing regional challenges. The Challenge of Stability and Security in West Africa also identifies key lessons in the dynamics of resilience in the face of political violence and civil war drawn from CÃ ́te d'Ivoire, Liberia, and Sierra Leone, that can be useful for countries around the world in similar situations. It incorporates knowledge and findings from leading experts and provides insights from academics and development practitioners. Finally, the book identifies possible policy and programmatic responses and directions for policy dialogue at the national and international levels.

Challenge In Eastern Europe

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Author : Cyril Edwin Black
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1954

Challenge In Eastern Europe written by Cyril Edwin Black and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1954 with Agriculture, Cooperative categories.

The Magister Equitum In The Roman Republic

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Author : Bradley Jordan
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2024-01-29

The Magister Equitum In The Roman Republic written by Bradley Jordan and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-01-29 with History categories.

The magister equitum, a subordinate to the Roman dictator during the Roman Republic, has been little studied to-date, in part due to the scattered and antiquarian nature of the evidence. This book addresses this gap by providing a definitive description and analysis of the office, focusing on three core questions: first, and most importantly, what were the powers and role of the office?; second, what senatorial rank did the magister equitum have?; finally, how did the magister equitum evolve under the first century BCE dictators, Sulla and Caesar? The book engages with recent advances in understanding the constitutional foundations and development of the Republican state to re-assess the role played by the office and its occupants in crucial moments of Roman history. It argues that the magister equitum was, and was understood by Romans to be, a central and significant part of the Roman Republican constitution.

Separate Development The Challenge Of The Transkei

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Author : Gwendolen Margaret Carter
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1966

Separate Development The Challenge Of The Transkei written by Gwendolen Margaret Carter and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1966 with Apartheid categories.

The Challenge Of Domestic Intelligence In A Free Society

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Author : Brian A. Jackson
language : en
Publisher: Rand Corporation
Release Date : 2009-02-03

The Challenge Of Domestic Intelligence In A Free Society written by Brian A. Jackson and has been published by Rand Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02-03 with Political Science categories.

Whether U.S. terrorism-prevention efforts match the threat continues to be central in policy debate. Part of this debate is whether the United States needs a dedicated domestic counterterrorism intelligence agency. This book examines such an agency's possible capability, comparing its potential effectiveness with that of current efforts, and its acceptability to the public, as well as various balances and trade-offs involved.

The Challenge Of Social Equality

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Author : David G. Gil
language : en
Publisher: Schenkman Books
Release Date : 1976

The Challenge Of Social Equality written by David G. Gil and has been published by Schenkman Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1976 with Social policy categories.

Youth S Challenge To Alcohol A Lecture Given Under The Auspices Of The Order Of The Sons Of Temperance London Grand Division 1957 Etc

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Author : Wilfrid Horsley Winterton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1957

Youth S Challenge To Alcohol A Lecture Given Under The Auspices Of The Order Of The Sons Of Temperance London Grand Division 1957 Etc written by Wilfrid Horsley Winterton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1957 with categories.

The Challenge Of Change

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1970

The Challenge Of Change written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1970 with Local finance categories.