The Economy Of Iraq
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The Economy Of Iraq
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Author : Abbas Alnasrawi
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Release Date : 1994-03-23
The Economy Of Iraq written by Abbas Alnasrawi and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-03-23 with Political Science categories.
The economy of Iraq has fluctuated wildly since the 1950s. It has been affected by changes in governments, by wars, and by general instability. This book analyzes a complex subject and is especially timely at this critical juncture in the history of Iraq, the Middle East, and international relations. Abbas Alnasrawi traces the growth of the Iraqi economy since 1950, assesses its present state of crisis and underdevelopment, and explores its prospects for recovery. Alnasrawi contends that the economic development of Iraq was shaped by the rise in oil revenue, the war between Iran and Iraq, and the invasion of Kuwait and its aftermath. The discussion begins with the burst of Iraq's oil industry and the development policies under the monarchy. Subsequent chapters highlight development planning during the first ten years of the republic, the development plans of the ruling Baath party, the distructive consequences of the Iran-Iraq war and the recent invasion of Kuwait, and the future of the Iraqi economy to the year 2010. This in-depth examination puts this subject into a manageable context for students of the Middle East, multinational oil, Third World development, and international relations.
Iraq S Economic Predicament
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Author : Kamil A. Mahdi
language : en
Publisher: ISBS
Release Date : 2002
Iraq S Economic Predicament written by Kamil A. Mahdi and has been published by ISBS this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Business & Economics categories.
Throughout the book, the authors examine a range of policies and institutional reform measures necessary to tackle the structural problems of the Iraqi economy.
The Economics Of Iraq
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Author : Amer K. Hirmis
language : en
Publisher: Grosvenor House Publishing
Release Date : 2018-03-12
The Economics Of Iraq written by Amer K. Hirmis and has been published by Grosvenor House Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-12 with Business & Economics categories.
Meticulously researched and written by Dr Amer K. Hirmis the book takes readers 6000 years back to early Mesopotamian polity, culture, and religious codes which shaped the economy, and continue to shape much of the body of Iraq's polity, economy and society today. Economic inefficiency, inequality and lack of sufficient employment are common threads that run throughout Mesopotamian/Iraqi economic history. The persistence of poverty, high unemployment, conscious discrimination against women, and a polity dictating blind allegiance and obedience from the subjects to the ruler, denied the Iraqis achieving economic development, the ultimate aim of which is the sustained improvement of the well-being of the people. Even when economic growth was attained, it was desperately non-inclusive. With a novel approach to economic development, this book examines Iraq's economy over the past 100 years. It establishes the historical roots in the consumption patterns, nature of the producers, the economic structure, trade, monetary and fiscal policy and resource allocation. In all these areas the echoes from the ancient past are striking. The principles of Sumerian taxes are still applied in present-day Iraq. The book proposes a set of conditions, which will need to be created for Iraq to achieve economic development and functional democracy, in the distant future.
Iraq S Economy
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Author : Jonathan E. Sanford
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Iraq S Economy written by Jonathan E. Sanford and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Iraq categories.
The Political Economy Of Iraq
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Author : Frank R. Gunter
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2013
The Political Economy Of Iraq written by Frank R. Gunter and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Business & Economics categories.
This groundbreaking volume offers a comprehensive look at the current state of IraqÕs political economy in the aftermath of the US-led overthrow of Saddam Hussein in 2003. Frank R. Gunter describes the unique difficulties facing the modern Iraqi economy a
The Economic Development Of Iraq
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Author : World Bank
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1952
The Economic Development Of Iraq written by World Bank and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1952 with Iraq categories.
Economic Policy In Iraq 1932 1950
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Author : Joseph Sassoon
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2012-11-12
Economic Policy In Iraq 1932 1950 written by Joseph Sassoon and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-12 with History categories.
First Published in 1987. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Iraq S Informal Economy
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Author : Robert Looney
language : en
Publisher: Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research
Release Date : 2007-06-21
Iraq S Informal Economy written by Robert Looney and has been published by Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-06-21 with Antiques & Collectibles categories.
Iraq’s economy has undergone profound changes over the last decade, many of which have had significant implications on the evolution of the country’s informal economy. The statist, heavy-handed economic policies of the Ba’athist government concentrated much of Iraq’s productive capacity on nationalized factors, which degraded under the sanctions regime of the 1990s, when both industrial and agricultural production faltered for lack of input. The 2003 overthrow of the regime saw the nominal Gross Domestic Product (GDP) contract by 35 percent and it has recovered little since then, despite US-led reconstruction efforts. The only part of the economy to have survived both Saddam Hussein and the post-2003 period of instability is the country’s informal economy. At the aggregate level, corruption appears to be a key factor in the growth of Iraq’s informal economy. Over the years, corruption at many levels has led to a general reduction in trust on the part of market participants. Furthermore, the reduction in social capital has forced the shift of many transactions from the formal to the informal markets, where intimate knowledge of participants provides some insurance against fraud and non-compliance. Other factors, such as the shortage of energy and electricity and the dangers associated with transport, have caused a number of previously formal businesses to revert to the informal economy. This has been particularly evident in the agricultural sector, the neglect and subsequent demise of which has not only forced many farmers into informal subsistence-type farming, but has also greatly limited the ability of the sector to play its traditional role as a temporary source of employment for unemployed urban workers. The shutting down of many schools and poor quality of education among others, together with low family incomes, have forced many children into the informal sector—mainly as street vendors. The country’s many child labor laws are being largely ignored by the authorities. Meanwhile, women are also increasingly becoming participants in the informal economy. Many have been widowed or abandoned and the informal sector provides their easiest access to income. The high level of corruption in post-war Iraq continues to reinforce these trends. In its latest assessment, the prestigious Transparency International has ranked Iraq as the most corrupt country in the Middle East. In short, the issues require far more than simply organizing and financing a massive construction program. Rather, what is required is the rebuilding of a devastated economy and society simultaneously. In a nutshell, the issues require a development strategy under crisis. This study outlines several areas that require greater attention in the country’s reform program, as well as strategies that might help stem the tide toward informal activity in Iraq. Taken as a whole, these policy initiatives have the potential to not only significantly expand domestic employment opportunities, but more importantly, to do so through the creation of a virtuous cycle with feedback between the domestic market, further reforms and the incorporation of the informal segments of the economy into the formal sector. Ultimately, a rapidly growing formal private sector is essential for making any significant progress in combating Iraq’s vast informal economy and job creation needs.
Iraq S Burdens
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Author : Abbas Alnasrawi
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Release Date : 2002-11-30
Iraq S Burdens written by Abbas Alnasrawi and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-11-30 with Social Science categories.
Oil revenue has been an economic curse for Iraq. In the second half of the 20th century the international oil sector shaped Iraq's economy, forcing it to rely too heavily on revenue brought in by oil production and exports. Iraq's failure to use copious oil rents to diversify the economy has proven disastrous for its people and economy. Its over-reliance on oil revenues coupled with the consequences of its war with Iran, the Gulf War, and the ensuing economic sanctions have led the country to economic destruction, sanctions, and enormous debt. Iraq is a major oil producing country, a founding member of OPEC, and possesses the world's second highest amount of oil reserves. Yet few studies exist on Iraq's oil industry and its impact on the economic and political fortunes of the country. Alnasrawi remedies this by helping us understand this important Arab, Middle Eastern, oil-exporting country that has been a constant focus of U.S. foreign policy since 1990. Alnasrawi concludes that the availability of capital is an insufficient condition for economic development, and may in fact retard it, as it did in this now reviled and wrecked country.
The Role Of Government In The Industrialization Of Iraq 1950 1965 Rle Economy Of Middle East
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Author : Ferhang Jalal
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-05-08
The Role Of Government In The Industrialization Of Iraq 1950 1965 Rle Economy Of Middle East written by Ferhang Jalal and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-08 with Social Science categories.
Since 1950 the governments of Iraq have attempted vigorously to develop the economy and have stressed industrial development. Here Dr Ferhang Jalal discusses, analyses and appraises a number of policies adopted by the government of Iraq designed to promote the growth of the industrial sector. The policies were of two kinds: the establishment of enterprises financed, constructed and operated by the government; and the encouragement of the expansion of private industrial enterprises through provision of finance, by way of tax exemptions of all kinds, through controls over the allocation of investment, and by protecting them from foreign competition. The author discusses the extent to which investment programmes formulated by planners were able to be implemented, and analyses in detail the factors facilitating and those constraining a more rapid rate of industrial growth.