The Effect Of Fuel Reduction Burning On The Suppression Of Four Wildfires In Western Victoria
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The Effect Of Fuel Reduction Burning On The Suppression Of Four Wildfires In Western Victoria
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Author : Stephen R. Grant
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
The Effect Of Fuel Reduction Burning On The Suppression Of Four Wildfires In Western Victoria written by Stephen R. Grant and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Fire ecology categories.
The Effects Of Forest Fuel Reduction On Fire Severity And Long Term Carbon Storage
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Author : Stephen Richard Mitchell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
The Effects Of Forest Fuel Reduction On Fire Severity And Long Term Carbon Storage written by Stephen Richard Mitchell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Carbon sequestration categories.
Two forest management objectives being debated in the context of federally managed landscapes in the US Pacific Northwest involve a perceived trade-off between fire restoration and C sequestration. The former strategy would reduce fuel (and therefore C) that has accumulated through a century of fire suppression and exclusion that has led to extreme fire risk in some areas. The latter strategy would manage forests for enhanced C sequestration as a method of reducing atmospheric CO2 and associated threats from global climate change. We explored the tradeoff between these strategies by modeling their effects at both the stand and landscape-scale. We began with an assessment of the extent to which uncertainties in model parameter values, model structure, and field measurements can influence model performance. We adapted the generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) methodology for Biome-BGC, a widely used terrestrial ecosystem model. We found that the phenomenon of parameter equifinality exerted significant control on model performance, but that issues with model structure in the Biome-BGC model may present an even greater obstacle to model accuracy. We then examined the effects of fuel reduction on fire severity and the resulting long-term stand-level C storage by utilizing the STANDCARB model for three Pacific Northwest ecosystems: the east Cascades Ponderosa Pine forests, the west Cascades Western hemlock-Douglas fir forests, and the Coast Range Western hemlock- Sitka spruce forests. Finally, we then tested the extent to which various landscape-level fuel reduction treatments, when applied at various annual treatment areas, altered pyrogenic C emissions and long-term C storage in the east Cascades Ponderosa pine ecosystems. For this we employed the LANDCARB model, which models forests throughout a landscape on a stand-by-stand basis. Results from both the stand and landscape-level modeling indicate that, for fuel reduction treatments to be effective in reducing wildfire severity, they must be applied at higher frequencies and over larger areas than they are currently. Furthermore, fuel reduction treatments almost always reduce stand and landscape-level C storage, since reducing the fraction by which C is lost in a wildfire requires the removal of a much greater amount of C, since most of the C stored in forest biomass (stem wood, branches, coarse woody debris) remains unconsumed even by high-severity wildfires.
Wildfire
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Wildfire written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Wildfires categories.
Cumulative Watershed Effects Of Fuel Management In The Western United States
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Author : U.s. Department of Agriculture
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub
Release Date : 2012-10-19
Cumulative Watershed Effects Of Fuel Management In The Western United States written by U.s. Department of Agriculture and has been published by Createspace Independent Pub this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-19 with Nature categories.
Fire suppression in the last century has resulted in forests with excessive amounts of biomass, leading to more severe wildfires, covering greater areas, requiring more resources for suppression and mitigation, and causing increased onsite and offsite damage to forests and watersheds. Forest managers are now attempting to reduce this accumulated biomass by thinning, prescribed fire, and other management activities. These activities will impact watershed health, particularly as larger areas are treated and treatment activities become more widespread in space and in time. Management needs, laws, social pressures, and legal findings have underscored a need to synthesize what we know about the cumulative watershed effects of fuel management activities. To meet this need, a workshop was held in Provo, Utah, on April, 2005, with 45 scientists and watershed managers from throughout the United States. At that meeting, it was decided that two syntheses on the cumulative watershed effects of fuel management would be developed, one for the eastern United States, and one for the western United States. For the western synthesis, 14 chapters were defined covering fire and forests, machinery, erosion processes, water yield and quality, soil and riparian impacts, aquatic and landscape effects, and predictive tools and procedures. We believe these chapters provide an overview of our current understanding of the cumulative watershed effects of fuel management in the western United States. This document is the result of a major interdisciplinary effort to synthesize our understanding of the cumulative watershed effects of fuel management. This document is the product of more than 20 authors and 40 reviewers including scientists from four Forest Service Research Stations and numerous universities. Chapter topics include overviews of the effects of fuel management on both terrestrial and aquatic watershed processes.
Grassfires
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Author : Phil Cheney
language : en
Publisher: CSIRO PUBLISHING
Release Date : 2008
Grassfires written by Phil Cheney and has been published by CSIRO PUBLISHING this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Nature categories.
Grassfirespresents the latest information from CSIRO on the behavior and spread of fires in grasslands. This second edition follows ten years of research aimed at improving the understanding of fundamental processes involved in the behavior of bushfires and grassfires. The book has been extensively revised and new case studies have been added to reflect the latest findings in research and investigations. The book covers all aspects of fire behavior and spread in the major types of grasses in Australia. It examines the factors that affect fire behavior in continuous grassy fuels; fire in spinifex fuels; the effect of weather and topography on fire spread; wildfire suppression strategies; and how to reconstruct grassfire spread after the fact. The three fire-spread meters designed by CSIRO and used for the prediction of fire danger and rate of spread of grassfires are explained and their use and limitations discussed. This new edition expands on the historical view of grassfires with respect to extensive Aboriginal burning, combustion chemistry, flame structure and temperature, spotting and spread in discontinuous/eaten out fuels, and the effect of wind in complex terrain. The case studies in the chapter "Wildfires and Their Suppression" have been updated and include the major wild grassfire events of recent years, the January 2003 ACT fires and the 2005 Wangary, SA fire. The "Myths, Facts and Fallacies" chapter includes new myths and a new section on personal safety during a wild grass fire. Of interest to all rural fire fighters and rural landholders, students and teachers of courses on landscape and ecological processes, rural and peri-urban dwellers, fire authorities and researchers.
Journal Of The Royal Society Of Western Australia
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Journal Of The Royal Society Of Western Australia written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Natural history categories.
Burning Issues
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Author : Mark Adams
language : en
Publisher: CSIRO PUBLISHING
Release Date : 2011-06-16
Burning Issues written by Mark Adams and has been published by CSIRO PUBLISHING this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-16 with Science categories.
Southern Australia is one of the three most fire-prone areas on Earth. After more than a century of urban growth and valiant efforts to ‘tame’ the bush, recent decades have seen more people moving back onto the fringe or into the middle of this volatile landscape. As this movement has intensified, so has the debate on how to best protect life and property from the ever-present bushfire threat. A long-running drought and a predicted warming climate have ensured that bushfire is a dominant factor in our nation’s long-term planning. Following the tragic Victorian Black Saturday fires in 2009, a much greater urgency now confronts policy makers, land and fire managers and communities living in bushfire areas. This has led to a call for a single, simple answer on fuel reduction burning to reduce the bushfire risk. Burning Issues explains that this is a complex issue without such a simple answer. The book gives an account of the role of fire in Australia’s ecosystems, how we have to accept and live with fire, and how we can manage fire both for safety and for diversity. It aims to change people’s attitudes to fire, and to be influential in encouraging changes in land management by government agencies.
Overall Fuel Hazard Assessment Guide
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Author : Francis Hines
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Overall Fuel Hazard Assessment Guide written by Francis Hines and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Electronic books categories.
Final Report
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Final Report written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Alaska categories.
Wildland fire is the dominant disturbance agent of the boreal forest of Alaska. Currently, about 80% of the population of Alaska resides in communities potentially at risk from wildland fire. The wildland fire threat to these settlements is increasing because of increased suburban construction in or near forested areas. The primary objective of this research was to assess the effectiveness of maturing treatment projects in terms of previously defined risk reduction and fire behavior objectives in order to better understand the contribution of fuel treatments to the broader economics of wildfire management in Alaska. Along with contributing to our knowledge on the ecological maturation of existing fuel treatments we also examined what influence publicly funded fuel treatments had on wildland fire suppression costs in Alaska, whether suppression resource ordering is affected by the presence of a fuel treatment, and what role fuel treatments play in encouraging homeowners in WUI locations to reduce wildfire risk on their property. We found that fuel treatments in boreal black spruce induced surface layer species composition changes due to moss die-off without exposure of mineral soil, and to destabilization of soils and melting of frozen layers. Modeled fire behavior at the selected sites (BEHAVE 6.0) mostly indicate that shaded fuel breaks still retain most benefits of reduced fire behavior potential (due to the reduction of canopy density and ladder fuels) for at least 14 years. This finding fits with limited experiential evidence from prescribed and natural burning of fuel breaks. Findings from a discrete choice experiment (DCE) suggest that responding homeowners were more willing to incur the additional costs associated with private wildfire risk mitigation when a thinned/shaded fuel treatment was present on nearby public lands. This outcome does not hold in the presence of a cleared fuel break. Drawing on treatment site field data collected as part of this effort a set of four wildland fire scenarios were modelled and presented to Alaskan wildland management professionals as part of an elicitation exercise designed to examine suppression resource ordering behavior. As expected suppression resource ordering depended on both current fire weather conditions and whether a fuel treatment was present. Smaller initial attack packages were ordered when a fuel treatment was present and winds were 10 MPH and less in the scenario. Finally, State of Alaska wildfire suppression cost data was collected from a review of accounting records from over 200 fires and matched against fuels treatment data. The analysis identifies14 wildfires of greater than 50 acres where a fuel treatment was found within 5km of the final reported fire perimeter. No statistically significant relationship between fuel treatments and wildfire suppression costs was identified. We argue that the geographic scale of the state and low population densities have an unobserved impact in the likelihood of a fuel treatment being present near or adjacent to a fire.
Project Vesta Fire In Dry Eucalypt Forest
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Author : JS Gould
language : en
Publisher: CSIRO PUBLISHING
Release Date : 2008-08-12
Project Vesta Fire In Dry Eucalypt Forest written by JS Gould and has been published by CSIRO PUBLISHING this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-08-12 with Science categories.
Project Vesta was a comprehensive research project to investigate the behaviour and spread of high-intensity bushfires in dry eucalypt forests with different fuel ages and understorey vegetation structures. The project was designed to quantify age-related changes in fuel attributes and fire behaviour in dry eucalypt forests typical of southern Australia. The four main scientific aims of Project Vesta were: To quantify the changes in the behaviour of fire in dry eucalypt forest as fuel develops with age (i.e. time since fire); To characterise wind speed profiles in forest with different overstorey and understorey vegetation structure in relation to fire behaviour; To develop new algorithms describing the relationship between fire spread and wind speed, and fire spread and fuel characteristics including load, structure and height; and to develop a National Fire Behaviour Prediction System for dry eucalypt forests. These aims have been addressed through a program of experimental burning and associated studies at two sites in the south-west of Western Australia.