The Effects Of Silica Nanoparticles In Toughened Epoxy Resins And Fiber Reinforced Composites Print On Demand
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The Effects Of Silica Nanoparticles In Toughened Epoxy Resins And Fiber Reinforced Composites Print On Demand
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Author : Stephan Sprenger
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015-12-07
The Effects Of Silica Nanoparticles In Toughened Epoxy Resins And Fiber Reinforced Composites Print On Demand written by Stephan Sprenger and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-07 with categories.
Toughening Mechanisms Of Silica Nanoparticle Modified Epoxy Polymers
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Author : Kunal Masania
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Toughening Mechanisms Of Silica Nanoparticle Modified Epoxy Polymers written by Kunal Masania and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
The Toughening Mechanisms In Epoxy Silica Nanocomposites And Hybrid Epoxy Silica Rubber Nanocomposites
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Author : Liang Yi-Ling
language : en
Publisher: ProQuest
Release Date : 2008
The Toughening Mechanisms In Epoxy Silica Nanocomposites And Hybrid Epoxy Silica Rubber Nanocomposites written by Liang Yi-Ling and has been published by ProQuest this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Fracture mechanics categories.
In order to improve the crack resistance of epoxy resins, either soft, micron size rubber particles or rigid, micron size spheres are commonly added as toughening agents. The toughening mechanisms induced by soft rubber particles and rigid spheres are different. The fracture behavior of toughened epoxy resins usually show a peak or plateau when the fraction of toughening agent reaches certain level. Therefore, epoxy resins modified by the incorporation of two types of toughening agents can be developed known as the hybrid composites with toughness greater than that when only one type toughening agent is used. Recently, a well dispersed, nanometer size silica spheres produced by sol-gel technology have been added into epoxy resin. The toughening behavior of the epoxy-silica nanocomposite (ESNs) is very interesting since it contradicts many conventional predictions. Moreover, a significant improvement of fracture behavior has been reported in hybrid epoxy-silica-rubber nanocomposite (HESRNs) when a small amount of nanosilica is used. However the toughening mechanisms in ESNs and HESRNs are not clear. The focus of this study is to understand the effect of nanosilica size as well as the nanosilica dispersion on the toughening behavior in ESNs and HESRNs. In addition, a system of hybrid epoxy-rubber?rubber blends (HERRBs) is developed to further elucidate the role of nanosilica in toughening mechanisms of ESNs, HESRNs.
Mechanical And Fatigue Characterization Of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite Containing Rubber Micro Particles And Silica Nano Particles
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Author : Dinesh Kumar Kannabiran Vasudevan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Mechanical And Fatigue Characterization Of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite Containing Rubber Micro Particles And Silica Nano Particles written by Dinesh Kumar Kannabiran Vasudevan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Composite materials categories.
Composite materials play a vital role in a wide range of applications. Their adaptability to different situations and desirable properties attracted many industries. In the automotive industry the demand for lighter weight components is increasing day by day. Carbon-fiber reinforced epoxy composites are making inroads used in the automotive industry because of their superior properties such as high specific strength and stiffness, and chemical resistance. Since epoxy resins are brittle in nature, their toughness can be enhanced by reactive liquid rubbers and inorganic fillers. In this study carbon fiber reinforced composites were manufactured using epoxy resin modified by reactive liquid rubber particles carboxyl terminated butadiene acrylonitrile (CTBN) and nanosilica. Since fatigue failure of composite material is a complex phenomenon; the major aim of this study is to examine the effect of CTBN, nanosilica and hybrid (CTBN and nanosilica) under axial tension- tension fatigue performance. This research was first initiated by performing mechanical characterization (tensile and flexural) on neat, rubber and nanosilica modified resin specimens. Carbon fiber-reinforced nanomodified epoxy composite panels were manufactured by Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM). To obtain a qualitative dispersion of rubber particles and nanoparticles in resin, centrifugal planetary mixer (THINKYTM) was utilized in this research. Two different concentrations of rubber and nanoparticle particles were tested under tensile, flexural, and interlaminar shear loadings. Then the data was compared against a control (0 wt% of rubber particles and nanoparticles) composite. Based on mechanical characterization, one particular loading was selected for fatigue studies. Extensive axial tension-tension fatigue testing was performed on control, rubber modified, nano modified and hybrid composites.
Nanosilica Modification Of Elastomer Modified Vartm Epoxy Resins For Improved Resin And Composite Toughness
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Author : Jason Robinette
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Nanosilica Modification Of Elastomer Modified Vartm Epoxy Resins For Improved Resin And Composite Toughness written by Jason Robinette and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Epoxy resins categories.
Recent publications have reported a synergy between rubber and silica in modified epoxy resins that results in significantly improved fracture toughness without reductions in other material properties. In this work, we seek to achieve the same type of synergy in commercial vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) epoxy resins, SC15 and SC79, produced by Applied Polymeric, Inc. Nanopox F400 (Hanse Chemie) containing 40 weight-percent epoxy-functional silica in a diglycidyl bisphenol-F (DGEBF) epoxy was blended with the VARTM resins to add various silica loadings in the systems. It was found that the presence of DGEBF influenced resin properties more than silica. This monomer impacted crosslink density and other material properties. The crosslink density of SC15 was increased and resulted in reductions in resin fracture toughness, mode II composite fracture toughness, and increased damage area in impact performance. The crosslink density of SC79 was reduced upon the addition of DGEBF contained in the Nanopox. At 10 weight-percent silica, resin fracture toughness, mode II composite toughness, and impact properties were improved due to decreased matrix crosslink density and the presence of silica. Finally, morphological studies showed that silica influences the rubber phase separation in a model epoxy system and VARTM epoxies. Further research will investigate the effects of epoxy-functional silica addition to phase separation mechanisms in rubber-toughened epoxies.
Nanosilica Modification Of Elastomer Modified Vartm Epoxy Resins For Improved Resin And Composite Toughness
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Nanosilica Modification Of Elastomer Modified Vartm Epoxy Resins For Improved Resin And Composite Toughness written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
Recent publications have reported a synergy between rubber and silica in modified epoxy resins that results in significantly improved fracture toughness without reductions in other material properties. In this work, we seek to achieve the same type of synergy in commercial vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) epoxy resins, SC15 and SC79, produced by Applied Polymeric, Inc. Nanopox F400 (Hanse Chemie) containing 40 weight-percent epoxy-functional silica in a diglycidyl bisphenol-F (DGEBF) epoxy was blended with the VARTM resins to add various silica loadings in the systems. It was found that the presence of DGEBF influenced resin properties more than silica. This monomer impacted crosslink density and other material properties. The crosslink density of SC15 was increased and resulted in reductions in resin fracture toughness, mode II composite fracture toughness, and increased damage area in impact performance. The crosslink density of SC79 was reduced upon the addition of DGEBF contained in the Nanopox. At 10 weight-percent silica, resin fracture toughness, mode II composite toughness, and impact properties were improved due to decreased matrix crosslink density and the presence of silica. Finally, morphological studies showed that silica influences the rubber phase separation in a model epoxy system and VARTM epoxies. Further research will investigate the effects of epoxy-functional silica addition to phase separation mechanisms in rubber-toughened epoxies.
Fracture Behavior Of Epoxy Based Hybrid Composites
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Author : Daniel Davies
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Fracture Behavior Of Epoxy Based Hybrid Composites written by Daniel Davies and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Crosslinked epoxy resins have become popular materials in advanced engineering applications such as the aerospace, packaging, coatings, electrical, and adhesive industries. These resins offer a high strength to weight ratio, but have a drawback of being inherently brittle and exhibit poor flaw tolerance. In microelectronic packaging applications, the thermal expansion coefficients (CTEs) of neat epoxy resins are too high. The addition of inorganic fillers is a traditional solution for increasing fracture toughness and lowering CTE. Such a solution is routinely utilized in epoxy-based underfills used in flip chip packaging. Of particular interest in this study, is the incorporation of soft, compliant rubbery particles and stiff, rigid silica particles into a model epoxy system. Rubber particle addition has proven to be extremely effective at improving fracture toughness of epoxy composite resins through rubber particle cavitation, matrix void growth, and massive shear yielding mechanisms. The addition of silica particles can also provide increases in fracture toughness, and do so without the compromises of decreased yield strength or increased CTE. Hybrid composites comprised of both rubber and silica particles have shown synergistic toughening benefits by some researchers. In this particular study, an aromatic amine cured bisphenol-A based epoxy resin is used as the model epoxy matrix. The fracture behavior of epoxies filled with silica micro-spheres and/or rubber nano-particles at various concentrations in the matrix have been studied. Micron-size silica particles successfully showed decreases in the CTE of the epoxy matrix, but only provided minimal toughening benefits. Nanometer-size core-shell-rubber particles provided exceptional toughening benefits, but resulted in increased CTE of the epoxy matrix. Interestingly, some hybrid epoxy composite formulations exhibited excellent fracture toughness and reasonable CTE behavior. It is the ultimate goal of this study to provide an understanding of the toughening mechanisms produced for each additive and their interactive effects on each other. It has been hypothesized that the use of rubber nanoparticles in a highly silica filled epoxy may result in significant improvements in toughness since these nanoparticle may be able to grow shear bands around the micron-size silica particles. The results from this study support this hypothesis.
Handbook Of Epoxy Blends
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Author : Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-07-07
Handbook Of Epoxy Blends written by Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-07 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This reference work compiles and summarizes the available information on epoxy blends. It covers all essential areas – the synthesis, processing, characterization and applications of epoxy blends – in a comprehensive manner. The handbook is highly application-oriented and thus serves as a valuable, authoritative reference guide for researchers, engineers, and technologists working on epoxy blends, but also for graduate and postgraduate students, polymer chemists, and faculties at universities and colleges.The handbook is divided into three parts and organized by the types of blends and components: Part I covers epoxy rubber blends, Part II focuses on epoxy thermoplastic blends, and Part III examines epoxy block-copolymer blends. Each part starts with an introduction, and the individual chapters provide readers with comprehensive information on the synthesis and processing, analysis and characterization, properties and applications of the different epoxy blends. All parts conclude with a critical evaluation of the applications, weighing their advantages and drawbacks. Leading international experts from corporate and academic research institutions and universities discuss the correlations of different epoxy blend properties with their macro-, micro- and nanostructures. This handbook thus offers a rich resource for newcomers to the field, and a major reference work for experienced researchers, the first of its kind available on the market. As epoxies find extremely broad applications, e.g. in oil & gas, in the chemical industry, building and construction industry, automotive, aviation and aerospace, boat building and marine applications, in adhesives and coatings, and many more, this handbook addresses researchers and practitioners from all these fields.
Effects Of Nanosilica Filler On The Thermal And Mechanical Properties Of An Epoxy Amine Resin System
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Author : Ritu Gurung
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Effects Of Nanosilica Filler On The Thermal And Mechanical Properties Of An Epoxy Amine Resin System written by Ritu Gurung and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Electronic dissertations categories.
The cure kinetics of an epoxy resin with surface modified silica filler (Nanopox F 400 resin) and without silica filler (DGEBA resin), cured with an amine curing agent, DDS at an N-H/epoxy molar ratio of 1.1:1 was studied by Dynamic Scanning Calorimetry in two basic modes; Dynamic temperature scanning and Isothermal temperature scanning. Dynamic temperature scanning analysis suggests that the addition of surface modified silica nanoparticles in the epoxy resin increases the rate of reaction by acting as a catalyst. The hydroxyl groups in silica nanoparticles catalyze the cure reaction by shifting the exothermic peak towards the lower temperature. Under dynamic temperature scanning, the glass transition temperature (Tg) was lower for the Nanopox F 400 system than the unfilled control system. The glass transition temperature and changes in the Tg found in DSC analysis were in line with TMA analysis and DMA analysis. Isothermal scanning analysis shows that the control system follows the Kamal autocatalytic model whereas Nanopox F 400 system follows the modified Kamal autocatalytic model. The model parameters were determined by a nonlinear multiple regression method. The mechanical properties of Nanopox F 400 resin and control resin both cured with DDS at an N-H/epoxy molar ratio of 1.1:1 were examined by tensile testing. The tensile results showed increase in modulus and decrease in tensile strength for 40 wt. % surface modified Nanopox F 400 system compared to the control system. The effect of processing technique and silica content on the tensile properties of silica reinforced epoxy resin was further analyzed. The structure of Nanopox F 400 resin was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy and 1H NMR spectroscopy.
Tailored Interphase Structure For Improved Strength And Energy Absorption Of Composites
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Author : Xiao Gao
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Tailored Interphase Structure For Improved Strength And Energy Absorption Of Composites written by Xiao Gao and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Composite materials categories.
Fiber reinforced polymeric composites are lightweight, high-strength and high impact-resistant materials used widely for various applications. It has been shown that the mechanical performance of composites are dependent on the interphase, a three-dimensional region of nanometer size in the vicinity of the fiber-matrix boundary that possesses properties different from those of either the fiber reinforcement or the matrix resin and governs the load transfer from matrix to fiber. This research conducts a systematic study on glass fiber-epoxy interphase structure by tailoring adhesion between constituents and the creation of textures to control strength and energy absorption through mechanical interlocking between glass fiber and epoxy matrix. Our objective is to establish the foundation for microstructural design and optimization of the composite's structural and impact performance. Two ways of roughening the glass fiber surface have been studied to create the mechanical interlocking between fiber and resin; the first technique involves forming in-situ islands on the glass fiber surface by using silane blends of Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxy silane (GPS) and Tetraethoxy silane (TEOS); the second technique applies a silane coupling agents based sizing with the incorporation of silica nanoparticles (Ludox TMA, 22 nm) onto the fiber surface. The microdroplet test was selected to characterize the influence of adhesion and mechanical interlocking effects on interphase properties of different sizing sized glass fiber reinforced epoxy systems. A suitable data reduction scheme enables the strength and specified energy absorbed due to debonding, dynamic sliding, and quasi-static sliding to be quantified. In order to validate the effect of tailored interphase structure, which is induced by creating mechanical interlocking between fiber and resin, on macroscopic composite properties, composite panels were made from these four different sizing sized glass fibers and tested using the punch shear test. The composite panel made from the hybrid sizing sized glass fiber exhibited improved strength and energy absorption consistent with the trends in micromechanical measurements. Through all failure stages under macromechanical testing, hybrid sizing sized glass fiber/epoxyamine composite panel shows an increase in the strength and total energy absorption by 13% and 26%, respectively, compared to the compatible sizing sized baseline. Both micromechanical and macromechanical tests demonstrate the significant influence of tailoring the interphase structure on improving the impact performance of the composites. The hybrid sizing with the incorporation of nanoparticles, in particular, can greatly improve the impact resistance (i.e. energy absorption) of composites without sacrificing its structural performance (i.e. strength).