The Evolutionary Biology Of Pollination
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Floral Biology
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Author : David G. Lloyd
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Floral Biology written by David G. Lloyd and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Studies in floral biology are largely concerned with how flowers function to promote pollination and mating. The role of pollination in governing mating patterns in plant populations inextricably links the evolution of pollination and mating systems. Despite the close functional link between pollination and mating, research conducted for most of this century on these two fundamental aspects of plant reproduction has taken quite separate courses. This has resulted in suprisingly little cross-fertilization between the fields of pollination biology on the one hand and plant mating-system studies on the other. The separation of the two areas has largely resulted from the different backgrounds and approaches adopted by workers in these fields. Most pollination studies have been ecological in nature with a strong emphasis on field research and until recently few workers considered how the mechanics of pollen dispersal might influence mating patterns and individual plant fitness. In contrast, work on plant mating patterns has often been conducted in an ecological vacuum largely devoid of information on the environmental and demographic context in which mating occurs. Mating-system research has been dominated by population genetic and theoretical perspectives with surprisingly little consideration given to the proximate ecological factors responsible for causing a particular pattern of mating to occur.
Pollination Biology
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Author : Leslie Real
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Pollination Biology written by Leslie Real and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Nature categories.
Pollination Biology reviews the state of knowledge in the field of pollination biology. The book begins by tracing the historical trends in pollination research and the development of the two styles of pollination biology. This is followed by separate chapters on the evolution of the angiosperms; the evolution of plant-breeding systems; the geographical correlations between breeding habit, climate, and mode of pollen transfer; and sexual selection in plants. Subsequent chapters examine the process of sexual selection through gametic competition in Geranium maculatum; the effects of different gene movement patterns on plant population structure; the foraging behavior of pollinators; adaptive nature of floral traits; and competitive interactions among flowering plants for pollinators. The book is designed to provide useful material for advanced undergraduate and graduate students wishing to familiarize themselves with modern pollination biology and also to provide new insights into specific problems for those already engaged in pollination research. The book is intended to be used for both teaching and research.
Obligate Pollination Mutualism
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Author : Makoto Kato
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-05-09
Obligate Pollination Mutualism written by Makoto Kato and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-09 with Science categories.
This book presents a comprehensive overview of our current understanding of mutualism origin, plant–pollinator specificity, mutualism stability, and reciprocal diversification. In particular, it focuses on the natural history and evolutionary history of the third example of obligate pollination mutualism, leafflower–leafflower moth association, which was discovered in the plant family Phyllanthaceae by the lead editor and then established by the editors and their coworkers as an ideal model system for studies of mutualism and the coevolutionary process. This work brings together the knowledge they have gained through an array of research conducted using different approaches, ranging from taxonomy, phylogenetics, ecology, and evolutionary biology to biogeography. Richly illustrated with numerous original color photographs, the volume consists of 13 chapters and is divided into three main parts: natural history, ecology, and evolution. It begins by showcasing numerous examples of plant–animal interactions and their origins to guide readers in the world of leafflowers and their pollinators. The immense diversity of Phyllanthaceae and pollinator moths is then explored, and in the following 7 chapters mutualism is discussed from a range of ecological and evolutionary points of view. The final chapter presents a review of the evolution and variety of obligate pollination mutualisms. This book offers researchers and students in the field of ecology, botany, evolutionary biology, pollination biology, entomology, and tropical biology fascinating insights into why such a costly pollination system has evolved and why Phyllanthaceae is so diverse despite the inconspicuousness of their flowers.
The Evolutionary Biology Of Pollination
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Author : Michael Robert Whitehead
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
The Evolutionary Biology Of Pollination written by Michael Robert Whitehead and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Chiloglottis categories.
There are few other structures in nature from which evolution has generated such wide diversity as the flower or inflorescence, and this diversity is commonly attributed to the influence of their animal visitors. By outsourcing their mate choice to pollinators, plants have left themselves - and especially their flowers - subject to the selective forces imposed by the behaviour, cognition and perception of the pollinators that serve them. The orchids provide some of the most remarkable and extreme examples of adaptations to specific animal pollinators. Perhaps one of the most peculiar of these strategies is sexual deception, whereby male insects are lured to the flower by mimicry of the female sex pheromone. This seemingly unlikely strategy has evolved multiple times independently on different continents in different parts of the orchid phylogeny which raises the question of what adaptive advantages might underlie such a strategy. This multidisciplinary thesis studies gene flow and pollinator behaviour in two sympatric sexually deceptive orchids in the genus Chiloglottis. The two species attract their specific wasp pollinators through emission of distinct species - specific semiochemicals. Since floral volatiles play a pre-eminent role in pollinator attraction, Chiloglottis provides an excellent case study for examining the interaction between floral volatile chemistry, pollinator behaviour and the evolutionary dynamics of populations. The thesis begins with a review of floral volatiles and their role in pollinator attraction and plant speciation. The literature is used to develop a research framework of six testable hypotheses under which we might productively explore the influence of floral volatiles on plant evolution. These hypotheses are then explored in the study system over the following chapters. A study of pollinator specificity, neutral genetic differentiation and floral chemistry demonstrates that the chemical mimicry crucial to sexual deception is responsible for reproductive isolation and potentially even speciation. Mating system and paternity analysis provide the first genetic evidence for multiple paternity in orchid broods. Extensive outcrossing is found to predominate and paternity assignment shows evidence for long distance pollen flow supporting the hypothesis that sexual deception promotes outcrossing and so minimizes the potentially deleterious effects of selfing. Lastly, an innovative new method is developed for tracking wasps in the field. Application of this technique to a population of orchid-pollinating wasps reveals detailed information about their movement and mating behaviour. The findings support the conclusion that sexual deception is a superb adaptive solution to the problem flowers face of simultaneously attracting pollinators and persuading them to leave quickly.
Cognitive Ecology Of Pollination
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Author : Lars Chittka
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2001-05-28
Cognitive Ecology Of Pollination written by Lars Chittka and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-05-28 with Science categories.
Important breakthroughs have recently been made in our understanding of the cognitive and sensory abilities of pollinators: how pollinators perceive, memorise and react to floral signals and rewards; how they work flowers, move among inflorescences and transport pollen. These new findings have obvious implications for the evolution of floral display and diversity, but most existing publications are scattered across a wide range of journals in very different research traditions. This book brings together for the first time outstanding scholars from many different fields of pollination biology, integrating the work of neuroethologists and evolutionary ecologists to present a multi-disciplinary approach. Aimed at graduates and researchers of behavioural and pollination ecology, plant evolutionary biology and neuroethology, it will also be a useful source of information for anyone interested in a modern view of cognitive and sensory ecology, pollination and floral evolution.
Diversity And Evolutionary Biology Of Tropical Flowers
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Author : Peter K. Endress
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1996-07-25
Diversity And Evolutionary Biology Of Tropical Flowers written by Peter K. Endress and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-07-25 with Nature categories.
A unique account of the structure, biology and evolution of tropical flowering plants.
Ecology And Evolution Of Flowers
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Author : Lawrence D. Harder
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2006-11-30
Ecology And Evolution Of Flowers written by Lawrence D. Harder and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-11-30 with Science categories.
The reproductive organs and mating biology of angiosperms exhibit greater variety than those of any other group of organisms. Flowers and inflorescences are also the most diverse structures produced by angiosperms, and floral traits provide some of the most compelling examples of evolution by natural selection. Given that flowering plants include roughly 250,000 species, their reproductive diversity will not be explained easily by continued accumulation of case studies of individual species. Instead a more strategic approach is now required, which seeks to identify general principles concerning the role of ecological function in the evolution of reproductive diversity. The Ecology and Evolution of Flowers uses this approach to expose new insights into the functional basis of floral diversity, and presents the very latest theoretical and empirical research on floral evolution. Floral biology is a dynamic and growing area and this book, written by the leading internationally recognized researchers in this field, reviews current progress in understanding the evolution and function of flowers. Chapters contain both new research findings and synthesis. Major sections in turn examine functional aspects of floral traits and sexual systems, the ecological influences on reproductive adaptation, and the role of floral biology in angiosperm diversification. Overall, this integrated treatment illustrates the role of floral function and evolution in the generation of angiosperm biodiversity. This advanced textbook is suitable for graduate level students taking courses in plant ecology, evolution, systematics, biodiversity and conservation. It will also be of interest and use to a broader audience of plant scientists seeking an authoritative overview of recent advances in floral biology.
Plant Reproductive Ecology
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Author : Anjana Rustagi
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2022-03-02
Plant Reproductive Ecology written by Anjana Rustagi and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-02 with Science categories.
Plant reproductive ecology has emerged as an indispensable discipline for enhancing crop productivity and conserving biodiversity. The adaptive significance of variation in traits associated with floral biology, pollination, seed dispersal, and seedling establishment is an integral component of plant reproductive ecology and evolutionary biology. This book explores the diversity of flower symmetry and the evolutionary patterns of internal structures of generative organs in angiosperms. The rapidly emerging global crisis of declining pollinators poses a major threat to food security. As such, the book also covers the diversity of plant-pollinator interactions, the impact of non-native exotic plant communities on native plants and pollinators, and strategies for the restoration of pollinator communities.
Major Evolutionary Transitions In Flowering Plant Reproduction
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Author : Spencer C. H. Barrett
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2008-11-28
Major Evolutionary Transitions In Flowering Plant Reproduction written by Spencer C. H. Barrett and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-11-28 with Science categories.
The first volume to address the study of evolutionary transitions in plants, Major Evolutionary Transitions in Flowering Plant Reproduction brings together compelling work from the three areas of significant innovation in plant biology: evolution and adaptation in flowers and pollination, mating patterns and gender strategies, and asexual reproduction and polyploidy. Spencer C. H. Barrett assembles here a distinguished group of authors who address evolutionary transitions using comparative and phylogenetic approaches, the tools of genomics, population genetics, and theoretical modeling, and through studies in development and field experiments in ecology. With special focus on evolutionary transitions and shifts in reproductive characters—key elements of biological diversification and research in evolutionary biology—Major Evolutionary Transitions in Flowering Plant Reproduction is the most up-to-date treatment of a fast-moving area of evolutionary biology and ecology.
Pollination And Evolution
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Author : Armstrong
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 1982
Pollination And Evolution written by Armstrong and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Science categories.