The Federal Budget Process A Description Of The Federal And Congressional Budget Processes Including Timelines
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The Federal Budget Process V 2
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Author : Bill Heniff Jr.
language : en
Publisher: The Capitol Net Inc
Release Date : 2018-06-20
The Federal Budget Process V 2 written by Bill Heniff Jr. and has been published by The Capitol Net Inc this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-20 with Political Science categories.
Budgeting for the federal government is an enormously complex process. It entails dozens of subprocesses, countless rules and procedures, the efforts of tens of thousands of staff persons in the executive and legislative branches, and the active participation of the President, congressional leaders, Members of Congress, and members of the executive branch. This analysis shows the various elements of the federal budget process including the President's budget submission, framework, timetable, the budget resolution, reconciliation, the "Byrd Rule," appropriations, authorizations, and budget execution. Congress is distinguished from nearly every other legislature in the world by the control it exercises over fashioning the government's budgetary policies. This power, referred to as "the power of the purse," ensures Congress' primary role in setting revenue and borrowing policies for the federal government and in determining how these resources are spent. The congressional power of the purse derives from several key provisions in the Constitution. Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 (Power to tax and spend) declares in part that Congress shall have the power to raise (that is, "to lay and collect") revenues of various types, including taxes and duties, among other things. Article I, Section 8, Clause 2 (Borrowing power) declares that the power to borrow funds "on the credit of the United States" belongs to Congress. In addition to its powers regarding revenues and borrowing, Congress exerts control over the expenditure of funds. Article I, Section 9, Clause 7 declares in part that funds can be withdrawn from the Treasury only pursuant to laws that make appropriations. Under the Constitution, revenue measures must originate in the House of Representatives. Beyond this requirement, however, the Constitution does not prescribe how the House and Senate should organize themselves, or the procedures they should use, to conduct budgeting. Over the years, however, both chambers have developed an extensive set of rules (some set forth in statute) and precedents that lay out complicated, multiple processes for making budgetary decisions. The House and Senate have also created an intricate committee system to support these processes. As American society has grown and become ever more complex, and as the role of the federal government in the national economy has steadily expanded, Congress also has increasingly shared power over budgetary matters with the president and the executive branch. It has refashioned the president’s role in budgeting by requiring him to submit to Congress each year a budget for the entire federal government and giving him responsibilities for monitoring agencies’ implementation of spending and revenue laws. Accordingly, the president also exercises considerable influence over key budget decisions. Table of Contents 1. "Introduction to the Federal Budget Process," CRS Report 98-721, December 3, 2012 (38-page PDF) 2. "The Executive Budget Process: An Overview," CRS Report R42633, July 27, 2012 3. "The Executive Budget Process Timetable," CRS Report RS20152, December 5, 2012 (8-page PDF) 4. "The Congressional Budget Process: A Brief Overview," CRS Report RS20095, August 22, 2011 5. "Budget Resolution Enforcement," CRS Report 98-815, August 12, 2008 6. "Deeming Resolutions: Budget Enforcement in the Absence of a Budget Resolution," CRS Report R44296, June 26, 2017 7. "Legislating in Congress: Federal Budget Process," Contributing Author Bill Heniff Jr., with updates by Robert Keith and Megan Lynch 8. "The Budget Reconciliation Process: Stages of Consideration," CRS Report R44058, January 4, 2017 9. "The Budget Reconciliation Process: The Senate's 'Byrd Rule'," CRS Report RL30862, November 22, 2016 (44-page PDF) 10. "The Congressional Appropriations Process: An Introduction," CRS Report R42388, November 30, 2016 (28-page PDF) 11. "Allocations and Subdivisions in the Congressional Budget Process," CRS Report RS20144, November 29, 2010 12. "Omnibus Appropriations Acts: Overview of Recent Practices," CRS Report RL32473, January 14, 2016 13. "Appropriations Report Language: Overview of Development, Components, and Issues for Congress," CRS Report R44124 July 28, 2015 14. "Overview of the Authorization-Appropriations Process," CRS Report RS20371, November 26, 2012 (5-page PDF) 15. "Points of Order in the Congressional Budget Process," CRS Report 97-865, October 20, 2015 (21-page PDF) 16. "The Budget Control Act: Frequently Asked Questions," CRS Report R44874, February 23, 2018 17. "Budget 'Sequestration' and Selected Program Exemptions and Special Rules," CRS Report R42050, June 13, 2013 (35-page PDF) 18. "Continuing Resolutions: Overview of Components and Recent Practices," CRS Report R42647, January 14, 2016 19. Additional Resources Federal Budget Links and Research Tools Laws, web sites, and books TCNBudget.com Custom On-Site Training Understanding Congressional Budgeting and Appropriations, TCNUCBA.com Advanced Federal Budget Process, TCNAFBP.com Congressional Dynamics and the Legislative Process, TCNCDLP.com Capitol Learning Audio Courses TM Appropriations Process in a Nutshell with James Saturno, ISBN 1-58733-043-1 Authorizations and Appropriations in a Nutshell with James Saturno, ISBN 1-58733-029-6 The Federal Budget Process with Philip Joyce, ISBN 1-58733-083-0 IndexFederalBudgetProcess.com
The Federal Budget
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Author : Allen Schick
language : en
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Release Date : 2008-05-31
The Federal Budget written by Allen Schick and has been published by Brookings Institution Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-05-31 with Business & Economics categories.
The federal budget impacts American policies both at home and abroad, and recent concern over the exploding budgetary deficit has experts calling our nation's policies "unsustainable" and "system-dooming." As the deficit continues to grow, will America be fully able to fund its priorities, such as an effective military and looking after its aging population? In this third edition of his classic book The Federal Budget, Allen Schick examines how surpluses projected during the final years of the Clinton presidency turned into oversized deficits under George W. Bush. In his detailed analysis of the politics and practices surrounding the federal budget, Schick addresses issues such as the collapse of the congressional budgetary process and the threat posed by the termination of discretionary spending caps. This edition updates and expands his assessment of the long-term budgetary outlook, and it concludes with a look at how the nation's deficit will affect America now and in the future. "A clear explanation of the federal budget... [Allen Schick] has captured the politics of federal budgeting from the original lofty goals to the stark realities of today."—Pete V. Domenici, U.S. Senate
A People S Guide To The Federal Budget
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Author : Mattea Kramer et al /National Priorities Project
language : en
Publisher: Interlink Publishing
Release Date : 2012-08-17
A People S Guide To The Federal Budget written by Mattea Kramer et al /National Priorities Project and has been published by Interlink Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-17 with Political Science categories.
From history of the budget process to detail about the ongoing conflict in Washington, from charts explaining where every federal dollar goes to simple explanations of budget terminology, this book covers it all. A People’s Guide to the Federal Budget is for every American who wants to understand and participate in a process that affects all of us. It serves as a foundation for the novice reader, a reference tool for a more advanced audience, and is perfect for high school and college classroom use. Released to coincide with the fiscal year 2013 budget process and the 2012 presidential election, this guide includes up-to-the-minute numbers and explanation of President Obama’s 2013 budget request.
Guidelines For Public Expenditure Management
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Author : Mr.Jack Diamond
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1999-07-01
Guidelines For Public Expenditure Management written by Mr.Jack Diamond and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-07-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Traditionally, economics training in public finances has focused more on tax than public expenditure issues, and within expenditure, more on policy considerations than the more mundane matters of public expenditure management. For many years, the IMF's Public Expenditure Management Division has answered specific questions raised by fiscal economists on such missions. Based on this experience, these guidelines arose from the need to provide a general overview of the principles and practices observed in three key aspects of public expenditure management: budget preparation, budget execution, and cash planning. For each aspect of public expenditure management, the guidelines identify separately the differing practices in four groups of countries - the francophone systems, the Commonwealth systems, Latin America, and those in the transition economies. Edited by Barry H. Potter and Jack Diamond, this publication is intended for a general fiscal, or a general budget, advisor interested in the macroeconomic dimension of public expenditure management.
Budget Of The United States Government
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Author : United States. Office of Management and Budget
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Budget Of The United States Government written by United States. Office of Management and Budget and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Budget categories.
Comparative Public Budgeting
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Author : George M. Guess
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2021-01-07
Comparative Public Budgeting written by George M. Guess and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-07 with Business & Economics categories.
This analysis of budgetary systems and policies across the world examines how politics, culture, and economics influence public finance.
Congressional Pay And Perks
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Author : Ida Brudnick
language : en
Publisher: The Capitol Net Inc
Release Date : 2010-12-01
Congressional Pay And Perks written by Ida Brudnick and has been published by The Capitol Net Inc this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-01 with categories.
Congress is required by Article I, Section 6, of the Constitution to determine its own pay. Prior to 1969, Congress did so by enacting stand-alone legislation. From 1789 through 1968, Congress raised its pay 22 times using this procedure. Members were initially paid per diem. The first annual salaries, in 1815, were $1,500. Per diem pay was reinstituted in 1817. Congress returned to annual salaries, at a rate of $3,000, in 1855. By 1968, pay had risen to $30,000. Stand-alone legislation may still be used to raise Member pay, as it was most recently in 1982, 1983, 1989, and 1991; but two other methods--including an automatic annual adjustment procedure and a commission process--are now also available. The Ethics Reform Act of 1989 established the current formula for automatic annual adjustments, which is based on changes in private sector wages and salaries as measured by the Employment Cost Index. The adjustment goes into effect automatically unless denied statutorily by Congress, although the percentage may not exceed the percentage base pay increase for General Schedule employees. Allowances are available to Representatives and Senators to support them in their official and representational duties as Members. These allowances cover official office expenses, staff, mail, and other goods and services. Despite significant reductions in congressional mail postage costs over the past 20 years, critics continue to raise concerns that the franking privilege is both financially wasteful and gives unfair advantages to incumbents in congressional elections. In particular, mass mailings have come under increased scrutiny as critics argue that the vast majority of franked mail is unsolicited and, in effect, publicly funded campaign literature. Members of Congress first elected in 1984 or later are covered automatically under the Federal Employees' Retirement System (FERS), unless they decline this coverage. Those who already were in Congress when Social Security coverage went into effect could either remain in CSRS or change their coverage to FERS. Members are now covered under one of four different retirement arrangements: CSRS and Social Security; The "CSRS Offset" plan, which includes both CSRS and Social Security, but with CSRS contributions and benefits reduced by Social Security contributions and benefits; FERS and Social Security; or Social Security alone. Congressional pensions, like those of other federal employees, are financed through a combination of employee and employer contributions. All Members pay Social Security payroll taxes equal to 6.2% of the Social Security taxable wage base ($102,000 in 2008 and $106,800 in 2009). Members enrolled in FERS also pay 1.3% of full salary to the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund. In 2008, Members covered by CSRS Offset pay 1.8% of the first $102,000 of salary, and 8.0% of salary above this amount, into the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund. Under both CSRS and FERS, Members of Congress are eligible for a pension at age 62 if they have completed at least five years of service. Members are eligible for a pension at age 50 if they have completed 20 years of service, or at any age after completing 25 years of service. The amount of the pension depends on years of service and the average of the highest three years of salary. By law, the starting amount of a Member's retirement annuity may not exceed 80% of his or her final salary. After Members of the House leave office, they are afforded certain courtesies and privileges. Some are derived from House Rules, but many are courtesies that have been extended as a matter of custom. Former Representatives who become lobbyists have limited privileges. See full Table of Contents at https://www.thecapitol.net/Publications/GovernmentSeries/1657_CongressionalPayAndPerks.html
Financial Strategy For Public Managers
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Author : Sharon Kioko
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date :
Financial Strategy For Public Managers written by Sharon Kioko and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Budget categories.
"Financial Strategy for Public Managers is a new generation textbook for financial management in the public sector. It offers a thorough, applied, and concise introduction to the essential financial concepts and analytical tools that today's effective public servants need to know. It starts "at the beginning" and assumes no prior knowledge or experience in financial management. Throughout the text, Kioko and Marlowe emphasize how financial information can and should inform every aspect of public sector strategy, from routine procurement decisions to budget preparation to program design to major new policy initiatives. They draw upon dozens of real-world examples, cases, and applied problems to bring that relationship between information and strategy to life. Unlike other public financial management texts, the authors also integrate foundational principles across the government, non-profit, and "hybrid/for-benefit" sectors. Coverage includes basic principles of accounting and financial reporting, preparing and analyzing financial statements, cost analysis, and the process and politics of budget preparation. The text also includes several large case studies appropriate for class discussion and/or graded assignments."--Open Textbook Library.
Legislative Advocacy Communication And Media Training And Publications
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Author : TheCapitol.Net
language : en
Publisher: The Capitol Net Inc
Release Date : 2019-01-03
Legislative Advocacy Communication And Media Training And Publications written by TheCapitol.Net and has been published by The Capitol Net Inc this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-03 with Business & Economics categories.
"A seminar from TheCapitol.Net is one of the best ways to learn from the experts about how Washington really works." -- Steven V. Roberts, Syndicated columnist, TV and radio analyst, college professor Legislative, Advocacy, Communication, and Media Training and Publications, by TheCapitol.Net. For more than 40 years, TheCapitol.Net and its predecessor, Congressional Quarterly Executive Conferences, have been training professionals from government, military, business, and NGOs on the dynamics and operations of the legislative and executive branches and how to work with them. Our training and publications include congressional operations, legislative and budget process, communication and advocacy, media and public relations, testifying before Congress, research skills, legislative drafting, critical thinking and writing, and more. Our publications and courses, written and taught by current Washington insiders who are all independent subject matter experts, show how Washington works.TM Our products and services can be found on our web site at www.TheCapitol.Net. TheCapitol.Net is on the GSA Schedule, 874-4, for custom on-site training. GSA Contract GS02F0192X. TheCapitol.Net is a non-partisan firm. Table of Contents About Us Congressional Briefing Conference: Capitol Hill Workshop Capitol Hill Executive Briefing Advocacy and Communication Congressional Operations: How Congress Works Federal Budgeting Hill Workshops and Special Programs Legislative Drafting Workshop Media Training National Security and Intelligence Professional Development Workshops Research Workshops The Executive Branch Working with Congress and Congressional Staff Writing Workshops Custom, On-Site Training Capitol Learning Audio Courses Publications Select Clients Faculty and Authors Policies Capability Statement Congress By the Numbers CongressByTheNumbers.com Leadership of Congress CongressLeaders.com Congressional Schedule CongressSchedules.com Congress Seating Charts CongressSeating.com Terms and Sessions of Congress TermsofCongress.com Senate Classes: Terms of Service SenateClasses.com Congressional Glossary CongressionalGlossary.com You have 2 cows YouHave2Cows.com For more, see TCNDC.com
Congressional Budget And Impoundment Control Act Of 1974
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Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Government Operations
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1974
Congressional Budget And Impoundment Control Act Of 1974 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Government Operations and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1974 with categories.