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The Federal Indian Day Schools Of The Maritimes


The Federal Indian Day Schools Of The Maritimes
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The Federal Indian Day Schools Of The Maritimes


The Federal Indian Day Schools Of The Maritimes
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Author : W. D. Hamilton
language : en
Publisher: Fredericton, N.B. : Micmac-Maliseet Institute
Release Date : 1986

The Federal Indian Day Schools Of The Maritimes written by W. D. Hamilton and has been published by Fredericton, N.B. : Micmac-Maliseet Institute this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Indians of North America categories.




What We Learned


What We Learned
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Author : Helen Raptis
language : en
Publisher: UBC Press
Release Date : 2016-02-01

What We Learned written by Helen Raptis and has been published by UBC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-01 with Social Science categories.


Stories of Indigenous children forced to attend residential schools have haunted Canadians in recent years. Yet most Indigenous children in Canada attended “Indian day schools,” and later public schools, near their home communities. Although church and government officials often kept detailed administrative records, we know little about the actual experiences of the students themselves. In What We Learned, two generations of Tsimshian students – a group of elders born in the 1930s and 1940s and a group of middle-aged adults born in the 1950s and 1960s – reflect on their traditional Tsimshian education and the formal schooling they received in northwestern British Columbia. Their stories offer a starting point for understanding the legacy of day schools on Indigenous lives and communities. Their recollections also invite readers to consider a broader notion of education – one that includes traditional Indigenous views that conceive of learning as a lifelong experience that takes place across multiple contexts.



No Need Of A Chief For This Band


No Need Of A Chief For This Band
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Author : Martha Elizabeth Walls
language : en
Publisher: UBC Press
Release Date : 2011-01-01

No Need Of A Chief For This Band written by Martha Elizabeth Walls and has been published by UBC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-01-01 with Social Science categories.


In 1899 the Canadian government passed legislation to replace the community appointment of Mi'kmaw leaders and Mi'kmaw political practices with the triennial system, a Euro-Canadian system of democratic band council elections. Officials in Ottawa assumed the federally mandated and supervised system would redefine Mi'kmaw politics. They were wrong. Many Mi'kmaw communities rejected or amended the legislation, while others accepted it only sporadically to meet specific community needs and goals. Compelling and timely, this book supports Aboriginal claims to self-governance and complicates understandings of state power by showing that the Mi'kmaw, rather than succumbing to imposed political models, retained political practices that distinguished them from their Euro-Canadian neighbours.



The Colonization Of Mi Kmaw Memory And History 1794 1928


The Colonization Of Mi Kmaw Memory And History 1794 1928
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Author : William C. Wicken
language : en
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
Release Date : 2012-01-01

The Colonization Of Mi Kmaw Memory And History 1794 1928 written by William C. Wicken and has been published by University of Toronto Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-01 with History categories.


In 1927, Gabriel Sylliboy, the Grand Chief of the Mi'kmaw of Atlantic Canada, was charged with trapping muskrats out of season. At appeal in July 1928, Sylliboy and five other men recalled conversations with parents, grandparents, and community members to explain how they understood a treaty their people had signed with the British in 1752. Using this testimony as a starting point, William Wicken traces Mi'kmaw memories of the treaty, arguing that as colonization altered Mi'kmaw society, community interpretations of the treaty changed as well. The Sylliboy case was part of a broader debate within Canada about Aboriginal peoples' legal status within Confederation. In using the 1752 treaty to try and establish a legal identity separate from that of other Nova Scotians, Mi'kmaw leaders contested federal and provincial attempts to force their assimilation into Anglo-Canadian society. Integrating matters of governance and legality with an exploration of historical memory, The Colonization of Mi'kmaw Memory and History offers a nuanced understanding of how and why individuals and communities recall the past.



Lessons In Legitimacy


Lessons In Legitimacy
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Author : Sean Carleton
language : en
Publisher: UBC Press
Release Date : 2022-09-15

Lessons In Legitimacy written by Sean Carleton and has been published by UBC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-15 with History categories.


Between 1849 and 1930, schooling in what is now British Columbia supported the development of a capitalist settler society. Lessons in Legitimacy examines government-assisted schooling for Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples – public schools, Indian Day Schools, and Indian Residential Schools – in one analytical frame. Sean Carleton demonstrates how church and state officials administered different school systems that trained Indigenous and settler children and youth to take up and accept unequal roles in the emerging social order. This important study reveals how an understanding of the historical uses of schooling can inform contemporary discussions about the role of education in reconciliation and improving Indigenous–settler relations.



A Knock On The Door


A Knock On The Door
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Author : Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada
language : en
Publisher: Univ. of Manitoba Press
Release Date : 2015-12-15

A Knock On The Door written by Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada and has been published by Univ. of Manitoba Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-15 with Social Science categories.


“It can start with a knock on the door one morning. It is the local Indian agent, or the parish priest, or, perhaps, a Mounted Police officer.” So began the school experience of many Indigenous children in Canada for more than a hundred years, and so begins the history of residential schools prepared by the Truth & Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC). Between 2008 and 2015, the TRC provided opportunities for individuals, families, and communities to share their experiences of residential schools and released several reports based on 7000 survivor statements and five million documents from government, churches, and schools, as well as a solid grounding in secondary sources. A Knock on the Door, published in collaboration with the National Research Centre for Truth & Reconciliation, gathers material from the several reports the TRC has produced to present the essential history and legacy of residential schools in a concise and accessible package that includes new materials to help inform and contextualize the journey to reconciliation that Canadians are now embarked upon. Survivor and former National Chief of the Assembly First Nations, Phil Fontaine, provides a Foreword, and an Afterword introduces the holdings and opportunities of the National Centre for Truth & Reconciliation, home to the archive of recordings, and documents collected by the TRC. As Aimée Craft writes in the Afterword, knowing the historical backdrop of residential schooling and its legacy is essential to the work of reconciliation. In the past, agents of the Canadian state knocked on the doors of Indigenous families to take the children to school. Now, the Survivors have shared their truths and knocked back. It is time for Canadians to open the door to mutual understanding, respect, and reconciliation.



Dictionary Of Cape Breton English


Dictionary Of Cape Breton English
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Author : William J. Davey
language : en
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
Release Date : 2016-01-01

Dictionary Of Cape Breton English written by William J. Davey and has been published by University of Toronto Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-01 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.


The first regional dictionary devoted to the island s linguistic and cultural history, the Dictionary of Cape Breton English is a fascinating record of the island s rich vocabulary. "



Colonial Genocide In Indigenous North America


Colonial Genocide In Indigenous North America
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Author : Alexander Laban Hinton
language : en
Publisher: Duke University Press
Release Date : 2014-10-31

Colonial Genocide In Indigenous North America written by Alexander Laban Hinton and has been published by Duke University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-31 with Social Science categories.


This important collection of essays expands the geographic, demographic, and analytic scope of the term genocide to encompass the effects of colonialism and settler colonialism in North America. Colonists made multiple and interconnected attempts to destroy Indigenous peoples as groups. The contributors examine these efforts through the lens of genocide. Considering some of the most destructive aspects of the colonization and subsequent settlement of North America, several essays address Indigenous boarding school systems imposed by both the Canadian and U.S. governments in attempts to "civilize" or "assimilate" Indigenous children. Contributors examine some of the most egregious assaults on Indigenous peoples and the natural environment, including massacres, land appropriation, the spread of disease, the near-extinction of the buffalo, and forced political restructuring of Indigenous communities. Assessing the record of these appalling events, the contributors maintain that North Americans must reckon with colonial and settler colonial attempts to annihilate Indigenous peoples. Contributors. Jeff Benvenuto, Robbie Ethridge, Theodore Fontaine, Joseph P. Gone, Alexander Laban Hinton, Tasha Hubbard, Margaret D. Jabobs, Kiera L. Ladner, Tricia E. Logan, David B. MacDonald, Benjamin Madley, Jeremy Patzer, Julia Peristerakis, Christopher Powell, Colin Samson, Gray H. Whaley, Andrew Woolford



Final Report Of The Truth And Reconciliation Commission Of Canada Volume One Summary


Final Report Of The Truth And Reconciliation Commission Of Canada Volume One Summary
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Author : Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada
language : en
Publisher: James Lorimer & Company
Release Date : 2015-07-22

Final Report Of The Truth And Reconciliation Commission Of Canada Volume One Summary written by Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada and has been published by James Lorimer & Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-22 with History categories.


This is the Final Report of Canada's Truth and Reconciliation Commission and its six-year investigation of the residential school system for Aboriginal youth and the legacy of these schools. This report, the summary volume, includes the history of residential schools, the legacy of that school system, and the full text of the Commission's 94 recommendations for action to address that legacy. This report lays bare a part of Canada's history that until recently was little-known to most non-Aboriginal Canadians. The Commission discusses the logic of the colonization of Canada's territories, and why and how policy and practice developed to end the existence of distinct societies of Aboriginal peoples. Using brief excerpts from the powerful testimony heard from Survivors, this report documents the residential school system which forced children into institutions where they were forbidden to speak their language, required to discard their clothing in favour of institutional wear, given inadequate food, housed in inferior and fire-prone buildings, required to work when they should have been studying, and subjected to emotional, psychological and often physical abuse. In this setting, cruel punishments were all too common, as was sexual abuse. More than 30,000 Survivors have been compensated financially by the Government of Canada for their experiences in residential schools, but the legacy of this experience is ongoing today. This report explains the links to high rates of Aboriginal children being taken from their families, abuse of drugs and alcohol, and high rates of suicide. The report documents the drastic decline in the presence of Aboriginal languages, even as Survivors and others work to maintain their distinctive cultures, traditions, and governance. The report offers 94 calls to action on the part of governments, churches, public institutions and non-Aboriginal Canadians as a path to meaningful reconciliation of Canada today with Aboriginal citizens. Even though the historical experience of residential schools constituted an act of cultural genocide by Canadian government authorities, the United Nation's declaration of the rights of aboriginal peoples and the specific recommendations of the Commission offer a path to move from apology for these events to true reconciliation that can be embraced by all Canadians.



Canada S Residential Schools The History Part 1 Origins To 1939


Canada S Residential Schools The History Part 1 Origins To 1939
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Author : Commission de vérité et réconciliation du Canada
language : en
Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Release Date : 2016-01-01

Canada S Residential Schools The History Part 1 Origins To 1939 written by Commission de vérité et réconciliation du Canada and has been published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-01 with Social Science categories.


Between 1867 and 2000, the Canadian government sent over 150,000 Aboriginal children to residential schools across the country. Government officials and missionaries agreed that in order to “civilize and Christianize” Aboriginal children, it was necessary to separate them from their parents and their home communities. For children, life in these schools was lonely and alien. Discipline was harsh, and daily life was highly regimented. Aboriginal languages and cultures were denigrated and suppressed. Education and technical training too often gave way to the drudgery of doing the chores necessary to make the schools self-sustaining. Child neglect was institutionalized, and the lack of supervision created situations where students were prey to sexual and physical abusers. Legal action by the schools’ former students led to the creation of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada in 2008. The product of over six years of research, the Commission’s final report outlines the history and legacy of the schools, and charts a pathway towards reconciliation. Canada’s Residential Schools: The History, Part 1, Origins to 1939 places Canada’s residential school system in the historical context of European campaigns to colonize and convert Indigenous people throughout the world. In post-Confederation Canada, the government adopted what amounted to a policy of cultural genocide: suppressing spiritual practices, disrupting traditional economies, and imposing new forms of government. Residential schooling quickly became a central element in this policy. The destructive intent of the schools was compounded by chronic underfunding and ongoing conflict between the federal government and the church missionary societies that had been given responsibility for their day-to-day operation. A failure of leadership and resources meant that the schools failed to control the tuberculosis crisis that gripped the schools for much of this period. Alarmed by high death rates, Aboriginal parents often refused to send their children to the schools, leading the government adopt ever more coercive attendance regulations. While parents became subject to ever more punitive regulations, the government did little to regulate discipline, diet, fire safety, or sanitation at the schools. By the period’s end the government was presiding over a nation-wide series of firetraps that had no clear educational goals and were economically dependent on the unpaid labour of underfed and often sickly children.