The Hittite Hi Mi Conjugations
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The Hittite Hi Mi Conjugations
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Author : Sarah R. Rose
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
The Hittite Hi Mi Conjugations written by Sarah R. Rose and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Hittite language categories.
The Hittite I Mi Conjugations
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Author : Sarah (Sarah R.) Rose
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
The Hittite I Mi Conjugations written by Sarah (Sarah R.) Rose and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
The Hittite -ḫi conjugation is acknowledged to be one of the most enigmatic of Indo-European formations. Despite its link to the Indo-European perfect, attempts to establish the extent and nature of this relationship have met with serious difficulties. In this thesis, I argue that the -mi/-ḫi conjugations represent a vestige of an earlier Indo-European binary system and the original voice opposition in Hittite, with other voice-related developments, including the "medio-passive" in -rand the "reflexive" particle -z(a) secondary and/or increasing as the original diathesis became obsolete. Volume I discusses the morphological, phonological and semantic factors which distinguish the two Hittite conjugations. Adopting Lehmann's (2002) terminology, I identify the -ḫi conjugation as the centripetal member of the opposition and the -mi as centrifugal. The former is distinguished by its orientation to the self--a direct parallel to Sanskrit atmanepada voice ('word for self') vs. parasmaipada voice ('word for another'). Higher self-involvement is the essential characteristic of middle voice as traditionally defined (Lyons 1969, Barber 1975, Klaiman 1991 and Kemmer 1993). I present argument and evidence that the inflectional elements which mark the Hittite opposition most clearly in the first person singular represent different cases of first person pronominal stems cliticized to the verb: direct case -ḫ (centripetal voice) and oblique case -m (centrifugal voice). These grammaticalized elements are identical in origin to the independent pronouns of IE. Two factors unique to Hittite allow me to make this argument: the existence of laryngeal phonemes and the presence of nominative-case clitics Volume II focusses on 132 clearly attested Hittite -bi verbs. I motivate the allocation of this group of verbs to 'high-self-involvement-type' by illustrating their social, cultural and intellectual centrality both in Hittite and IE culture. I refer to criteria set out in Kemmer' s 1993 study of middle voice to show that the majority of -bi verbs fall clearly within the semantic range of this type of verb. I provide evidence of morphological similarity of -ḫi verbs to the IE perfect, including o-grade, ablaut patterns and archaic stative morphology (in -e ), as well as semantic parallels to media tantum, deponent or middle-marked verbs in other IE languages.
Hittite And The Indo European Verb
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Author : Jay H. Jasanoff
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2003-07-03
Hittite And The Indo European Verb written by Jay H. Jasanoff and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-07-03 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
"Jasanoff comes up with some of the strongest arguments yet made for assuming that Indo-European languages other than Hittite and Tocharian underwent a substantial period of common development, and this needs to be fitted into any model of the dispersal of the language family." James Clackson, Times Literary Supplement |d 05/03/2004 This book reconciles what is known of the Proto-Indo-European verbal system with the evidence of Hittite and the other early Anatolian languages. The decipherment of Hittite in 1917 and the recognition that it was an Indo-European language had dramatic consequences for conceptions of the Indo-European parent language. For most of the twentieth century, attention focused on the peculiarities of Hittite phonology, especially the consonant h and its implications for the evolving laryngeal theory. Yet the morphological 'disconnects' between Hittite and the other early languages are more profound than the phonological differences. The Hittite verbal system lacks most of the familiar tense-aspect categories of Sanskrit, Greek, and Latin. It also presents the novelty of the hi-conjugation, a purely formal conjugation class to which nearly half of all Hittite verbs belong. Repeated attempts to explain the hi-conjugation on the basis of the classical model of the Proto-Indo-European verbal system have failed. The question is not whether the conventional picture of the parent language must be modified to account for the facts of Hittite, but how. In this outstanding book Professor Jasanoff puts forward a new and revolutionary model of the Proto-Indo-European verbal system that promises to have a major impact on Indo-European studies. His strikingly original synthesis, reflecting a quarter-century-long study of the problem, is the most thorough and systematic attempt thus far to bridge the gap between Hittite and the other Indo-European languages.
A Grammar Of The Hittite Language
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Author : Harry A. Hoffner Jr.
language : en
Publisher: PSU Department of English
Release Date : 2008-06-23
A Grammar Of The Hittite Language written by Harry A. Hoffner Jr. and has been published by PSU Department of English this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-06-23 with History categories.
The second volume of Hoffner and Melchert’s Grammar, this tutorial consists of a series of graded lessons with illustrative sentences for the student to translate. The tutorial is keyed to the reference grammar and provides extensive notes. To get maximum use out of the Tutorial, we recommend purchasing the Grammar, which also contains a CD-ROM of both texts with hyperlinks.
The Elements Of Hittite
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Author : Theo van den Hout
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2011-10-27
The Elements Of Hittite written by Theo van den Hout and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-27 with Social Science categories.
Hittite is the earliest attested Indo-European language and was the language of a state which flourished in Asia Minor in the second millennium BC. This exciting and accessible introductory course, which can be used in both trimester and semester systems, offers in ten lessons a comprehensive introduction to the grammar of the Hittite language with ample exercises both in transliteration and in cuneiform. It includes a separate section of paradigms, a grammatical index, as well as a list of every cuneiform sign used in the book. A full glossary can be found at the back. The book has been designed so that the cuneiform is not essential and can be left out of any course if so desired. The introduction provides the necessary cultural and historical background, with suggestions for further reading, and explains the principles of the cuneiform writing system.
Indo European Linguistics
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Author : James Clackson
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2007-10-18
Indo European Linguistics written by James Clackson and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10-18 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The Indo-European language family consists of many of the modern and ancient languages of Europe, India and Central Asia, including Latin, Greek, Sanskrit, Russian, German, French, Spanish and English. Spoken by an estimated three billion people, it has the largest number of native speakers in the world today. This textbook provides an accessible introduction to the study of the Indo-European languages. It clearly sets out the methods for relating the languages to one another, presents an engaging discussion of the current debates and controversies concerning their classification, and offers sample problems and suggestions for how to solve them. Complete with a comprehensive glossary, almost 100 tables in which language data and examples are clearly laid out, suggestions for further reading, discussion points, and a range of exercises, this text will be an essential toolkit for all those studying historical linguistics, language typology and the Indo-European languages for the first time.
Theoretical Bases Of Indo European Linguistics
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Author : Winfred P. Lehmann
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-01-28
Theoretical Bases Of Indo European Linguistics written by Winfred P. Lehmann and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-28 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book presents, for the first time in English, a complete critical survey of the theory and methodology of Indo-European linguistics, from its origins two centuries ago to the present day.
Royal Hittite Instructions And Related Administrative Texts
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Author : Jared L. Miller
language : en
Publisher: Society of Biblical Lit
Release Date : 2013-10-17
Royal Hittite Instructions And Related Administrative Texts written by Jared L. Miller and has been published by Society of Biblical Lit this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-17 with Religion categories.
Few compositions provide as much insight into the structure of the Hittite state and the nature of Hittite society as the so-called Instructions. While these texts may strike the modern reader as didactic, the Hittites, who categorized them together with state treaties, understood them as “contracts” or “obligations,” consisting of the king’s instructions to officials such as priests and temple personnel, mayors, military officers, border garrison commanders, and palace servants. They detail how and in what spirit the officials are to carry out their duties and what consequences they are to suffer for failure. Also included are several examples of closely related oath impositions and oaths. Collecting for the first time the entire corpus of Hittite Instructions, this accessible volume presents these works in transliteration of the original texts and translation, with clear and readable introductory essays, references to primary and secondary sources, and thorough indices.
From Proto Indo European To Proto Germanic
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Author : Don Ringe
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2017-08-15
From Proto Indo European To Proto Germanic written by Don Ringe and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book describes the earliest reconstructable stages of the prehistory of English, focusing specifically on linguistic structure. It outlines the grammar of Proto-Indo-European, considers the changes by which one dialect of that prehistoric language developed into Proto-Germanic, and provides a detailed account of the grammar of Proto-Germanic. In the course of his exposition Don Ringe draws on a long tradition of work on many languages, including Hittite, Sanskrit, Greek, Latin, Slavic, Gothic, and Old Norse. This second edition has been significantly revised to provide a more in-depth account of Proto-Indo-European, with further exploration of disputed points; it has also been updated to include new developments in the field, particularly in the reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European verb and nominal inflection. The author also reconsiders some of his original approaches to specific linguistic changes and their relative chronology based on his recent research. This new edition of the first volume in A Linguistic History of English will be of central interest to all scholars and students of comparative Indo-European and Germanic linguistics, the history of English, and historical linguistics more generally. The second volume, The Development of Old English by Don Ringe and Ann Taylor, was published by OUP in 2014 (paperback 2016)
An Introduction To The Indo European Languages
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Author : Philip Baldi
language : en
Publisher: SIU Press
Release Date : 1983
An Introduction To The Indo European Languages written by Philip Baldi and has been published by SIU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Foreign Language Study categories.
This comprehensive linguistic survey of the Indo-European groups synthesizes the vast amount of information contained in the specialized handbooks of the individual stocks. The text begins with an introduction to the concept of the Indo-European language family, the history of its discovery, and the techniques of analysis. The introduction also gives a structural sketch of Proto-Indo-European, the parent language from which the others are descended. Baldi then devotes a chapter to each of the 11 major branches of Indo-European (Italic, Celtic, Indo-Iranian, Greek, Armenian, Albanian, Baltic, Slavic, Germanic, Tocharian, and Anatolian). Each chapter provides an outline of the external history of the branch, its people, dialects, and other relevant history. This outline is followed by a structural sketch of the most important language or languages of the branch (e.g., Old Irish for Celtic, Sanskrit and Avestan for Indo-Iranian, Latin and Osco-Umbrian for Italic). The sketch also contains the phonology, morphology, and syntax of each language. There is lastly a sample text of each language containing both interlinear and free translation. In those branches where there are special issues (e.g., the relation of Italic to Celtic and Baltic to Slavic, or the problem of archaism in Hittite), additional discussions of these issues are provided. Baldi's final chapter gives a brief outline of the "minor" Indo-European languages such as Illyrian, Thracian, Raetic, and Phrygian. Adding further to the usefulness of the book are extensive bibliographies, an up-to-date map showing the geographical distribution of the Indo-European languages throughout the world, and a detailed family tree diagram of the members of each subgroup within the Indo-European language family and their interrelationships.