The Imaging Of Nanostructures With Novel X Ray Methods
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The Imaging Of Nanostructures With Novel X Ray Methods
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Author : Sebastian Dietze
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
The Imaging Of Nanostructures With Novel X Ray Methods written by Sebastian Dietze and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
The use of x-rays to probe matter is an ever increasing popular technique due to their short wavelength that can achieve better than atomic resolution; chemical selectivity that permit the separation of material contributions; and tunable interaction strength allowing a wide class of materials to be probed including interfaced and bulk structures. As more powerful sources of x-rays have become available in the form of synchrotrons and linear accelerators, new and inventive experimental method have emerged to access the unknown. In this dissertation, three novel uses of x-rays are advanced to study a wide class materials. Since the next generation of x-ray sources will feature highly brilliant x-ray beams, they will enable the imaging of local nanoscale structures with unprecedented resolution. A general formalism to predict the achievable spatial resolution in coherent diffractive imaging (CDI), based solely on diffracted intensities, is provided. The coherent dose necessary to reach atomic resolution depends significantly on the atomic scale structure, where amorphous materials or disordered materials require less dose than crystalline materials. A reduction in dose can be larger than three-orders of magnitude as compared to the expected scaling for uniform density materials. Additionally, dose reduction for crystalline materials are predicted at certain resolutions based only on their unit cell dimensions and structure factors. An extension of dichroic coherent diffractive imaging of thin films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy is made from a uniform case to one that contains charge contributions. With the use of linear polarized x-rays near resonant edges, the charge and magnetic scattering can be reconstructed. First, an approximate manual separation is made before reconstruction to obtain the magnetic domains of a Au patterned GdFe multilayer thin film. This is then compared to a direct reconstruction using the two coherent modes contributed by the right-hand and left-hand circular polarization. These methods lead to very similar results for the magnetic domain reconstruction, proving the viability of this technique. Thus, dichroic CDI may be applied to a much wider class of materials than was previously possible. Finally, persistent photocoductivity was induced during nano-diffraction. The resistivity of vanadium dioxide (VO2) decreased by over one-order of magnitude upon localized illumination with x-rays at room temperature. Despite this reduction, the structure remained in the monoclinic phase and had no signature of the high-temperature tetragonal phase that is usually associated with the lower resistance. Once illumination ceased, relaxation to the insulating state took tens of hours near room temperature. However, a full recovery of the insulating state was achieved within minutes by thermal cycling. This behavior is consistent with random local-potential fluctuations and random distribution of discrete recombination sites used to model residual photoconductivity.
X Rays In Nanoscience
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Author : Jinghua Guo
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-09-22
X Rays In Nanoscience written by Jinghua Guo and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-22 with Science categories.
An up-to-date overview of the different x-ray based methods in the hot fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology, including methods for imaging nanomaterials, as well as for probing the electronic structure of nanostructured materials in order to investigate their different properties. Written by authors at one of the world's top facilities working with these methods, this monograph presents and discusses techniques and applications in the fields of x-ray scattering, spectroscopy and microscope imaging. The resulting systematic collection of these advanced tools will benefit graduate students, postdocs as well as professional researchers.
X Ray Nanochemistry
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Author : Ting Guo
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-06-01
X Ray Nanochemistry written by Ting Guo and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-01 with Science categories.
This book describes the latest developments in the new research discipline of X-ray nanochemistry, which uses nanomaterials to enhance the effectiveness of X-ray irradiation. Nanomaterials now can be synthesized in such a way as to meet the demand for complex functions that enhance the X-ray effect. Innovative methods of delivering the X-rays, which can interact with those nanomaterials much more strongly than energetic electrons and gamma rays, also create new opportunities to enhance the X-ray effect. As a result, new concepts are conceived and new developments are made in the last decade, which are discussed and summarized in this book. This book will help define the discipline and encourage more students and scientists to work in this discipline. These efforts will eventually lead to formation of a full set of physical, chemical and materials principles for this new research field.
Handbook Of Instrumentation And Techniques For Semiconductor Nanostructure Characterization
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Author : Richard Haight
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2012
Handbook Of Instrumentation And Techniques For Semiconductor Nanostructure Characterization written by Richard Haight and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Science categories.
As we delve more deeply into the physics and chemistry of functional materials and processes, we are inexorably driven to the nanoscale. And nowhere is the development of instrumentation and associated techniques more important to scientific progress than in the area of nanoscience. The dramatic expansion of efforts to peer into nanoscale materials and processes has made it critical to capture and summarize the cutting-edge instrumentation and techniques that have become indispensable for scientific investigation in this arena. This Handbook is a key resource developed for scientists, engineers and advanced graduate students in which eminent scientists present the forefront of instrumentation and techniques for the study of structural, optical and electronic properties of semiconductor nanostructures.
X Ray And Neutron Techniques For Nanomaterials Characterization
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Author : Challa S.S.R. Kumar
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-10-13
X Ray And Neutron Techniques For Nanomaterials Characterization written by Challa S.S.R. Kumar and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-13 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Fifth volume of a 40 volume series on nanoscience and nanotechnology, edited by the renowned scientist Challa S.S.R. Kumar. This handbook gives a comprehensive overview about X-ray and Neutron Techniques for Nanomaterials Characterization. Modern applications and state-of-the-art techniques are covered and make this volume an essential reading for research scientists in academia and industry.
High Resolution X Ray Scattering
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Author : Ullrich Pietsch
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
High Resolution X Ray Scattering written by Ullrich Pietsch and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Technology & Engineering categories.
During the last 20 years interest in high-resolution x-ray diffractometry and reflectivity has grown as a result of the development of the semiconductor industry and the increasing interest in material research of thin layers of magnetic, organic, and other materials. For example, optoelectronics requires a subsequent epitaxy of thin layers of different semiconductor materials. Here, the individuallayer thicknesses are scaled down to a few atomic layers in order to exploit quantum effects. For reasons of electronic and optical confinement, these thin layers are embedded within much thicker cladding layers or stacks of multilayers of slightly different chemical composition. It is evident that the interface quality of those quantum weHs is quite important for the function of devices. Thin metallic layers often show magnetic properties which do not ap pear for thick layers or in bulk material. The investigation of the mutual interaction of magnetic and non-magnetic layers leads to the discovery of colossal magnetoresistance, for example. This property is strongly related to the thickness and interface roughness of covered layers.
Nanotechnology For Biomedical Imaging And Diagnostics
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Author : Mikhail Y. Berezin
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2015-02-02
Nanotechnology For Biomedical Imaging And Diagnostics written by Mikhail Y. Berezin and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Nanotechnology for Biomedical Imaging and Diagnostics: From Nanoparticle Design to Clinical Applications reflects upon the increasing role of nanomaterials in biological and medical imaging, presenting a thorough description of current research as well as future directions. With contributions from experts in nanotechnology and imaging from academia, industry, and healthcare, this book provides a comprehensive coverage of the field, ranging from the architectural design of nanomaterials to their broad imaging applications in medicine. Grouped into three sections, the book: Elucidates all major aspects of nanotechnology and bioimaging Provides comprehensive coverage of the field, ranging from the architectural design of nanomaterials to their broad imaging applications in medicine Written by well-recognized experts in academia, industry, and healthcare, will be an excellence source of reference With a multidisciplinary approach and a balance of research and diagnostic topics, this book will appeal to students, scientiests, and healthcare professionals alike
Scanning Microscopy For Nanotechnology
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Author : Weilie Zhou
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-03-09
Scanning Microscopy For Nanotechnology written by Weilie Zhou and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-03-09 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents scanning electron microscopy (SEM) fundamentals and applications for nanotechnology. It includes integrated fabrication techniques using the SEM, such as e-beam and FIB, and it covers in-situ nanomanipulation of materials. The book is written by international experts from the top nano-research groups that specialize in nanomaterials characterization. The book will appeal to nanomaterials researchers, and to SEM development specialists.
X Ray Diffraction
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Author : Oliver H. Seeck
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2015-02-10
X Ray Diffraction written by Oliver H. Seeck and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-10 with Science categories.
High-resolution x-ray diffraction and scattering is a key tool for structure analysis not only in bulk materials but also at surfaces and buried interfaces from the sub-nanometer range to micrometers. This book offers an overview of diffraction and scattering methods currently available at modern synchrotron sources and illustrates bulk and interface investigations of solid and liquid matter with up-to-date research examples. It presents important characteristics of the sources, experimental set-up, and new detector developments. The book also considers future exploitation of x-ray free electron lasers for diffraction applications.
Polymer Composites And Nanocomposites For X Rays Shielding
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Author : It Meng Low
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-01-03
Polymer Composites And Nanocomposites For X Rays Shielding written by It Meng Low and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-03 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book focuses on the processing, materials design, characterisation, and properties of polymer composites and nanocomposites for use as electromagnetic radiation shielding materials and to enhance radiation shielding capacity in order to meet the safety requirements for use in medical X-ray imaging facilities. It presents an in-depth analysis of materials synthesis methods such as melt-mixing, ion-implantation, solution casting and electrospinning. In addition, it measures the X-ray attenuation behaviour of fabricated composites and nanocomposites in four major types of X-ray equipment, namely general radiography, mammography, X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy units. Given its scope, the book will benefit researchers, engineers, scientists and practitioners in the fields of medical imaging, diagnostic radiology and radiation therapy.