The Impulsive Personality
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The Impulsive Personality
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Author : H.A. Wishnie
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Impulsive Personality written by H.A. Wishnie and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Psychology categories.
I began this book with two purposes. One goal was to present clinical information to support the belief that many of society's allegedly unh'eatable people could be helped to change their de structive patterns of living. A second purpose was to present a clear and simple primer for two groups of workers in the field. Most treatment institutions depend upon the services of nurses, aides, guards, and corrections officers. These people, who are the least prepared, do the hulk of the treatment. Because impulsive people learn much from their daily interactions out side of formal therapy, the understanding and the training of this "front-line" working staff are crucial. These staff members may find the second part of the book more helpful because of its use of clinical examples and techniques. The other group for whom this book is written includes those who are beginning in the mental health or corrections field. The concept of useful treatment of impulse-ridden people has only begun to be introduced into professional training pro grams. The assumption that these individuals were untreatable has kept many professionals at the fringes of this field. For this reason, I hope that the book will find its way into the hands of psychiatric residents, psychologists, social workers, nurses, pro bation officers, prison guards, youth workers, policemen, judges, etc.
Impulsivity And Compulsivity
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Author : John M. Oldham
language : en
Publisher: American Psychiatric Pub
Release Date : 1996
Impulsivity And Compulsivity written by John M. Oldham and has been published by American Psychiatric Pub this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Medical categories.
Traditionally, impulsive and compulsive behaviors have been categorized as fundamentally distinct. However, patients often exhibit both of these behaviors. This common comorbidity has sparked renewed interest in the factors contributing to the disorders in which these behaviors are prominent. Impulsivity and Compulsivity applies a provocative spectrum model to this psychopathology. The spectrum model is consistent with a dimensional model for psychopathology and considers the dynamic interaction of biopsychosocial forces in the development of impulsive and compulsive disorders. In this important work on impulsive/compulsive psychopathology, leading researchers and clinicians share their expertise on the phenomenological, biological, psychodynamic, and treatment aspects of these disorders. Differential diagnosis, comorbidity of the impulsive-compulsive spectrum of disorders, and assessment by the seven-factor model of temperament and character are discussed. Chapters are also dedicated to the antianxiety function of impulsivity and compulsivity, defense mechanisms in impulsive disorders versus obsessive-compulsive disorders, and the unique aspects of psychotherapy with impulsive and compulsive patients. Clinical researchers and clinicians will be enlightened by this exceptional work. The information provided is supplemented with clinical vignettes, and the final chapter provides a synthetic summary that offers a unified, dynamic approach to impulsive and compulsive behavior.
Working With The Impulsive Person
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Author : H. A. Wishnie
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Working With The Impulsive Person written by H. A. Wishnie and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Psychology categories.
The development of the material in this volume began with a realization by the staff at The Cambridge-Somerville Mental Health and Retardation Center (in the Massachusetts cities of Cambridge and Somerville) that an increasing num ber of people were entering the mental health system with problems related to the very nature of their personalities. A significant number of these people presented issues that had not been identified previously within the spectrum of psychiatric treatment. Such issues as marital discord in volving impulsive and violent behavior toward spouses or children, drug abuse, alcoholism, brawling, and so forth were increasingly being viewed as symptomatic of disruptions in an individual's emotional makeup. These people usually did not seek treatment; their problems were most often managed by courts and social welfare agencies. In fact, we were not clear as to what constituted the best treatment. The conference on which this book is based was conceived of as an attempt to bring together people of varying back grounds to discuss in a general, nontechnical fashion the approaches they have tried in working with such people. We attempted to bridge the gap between the many sophisticated theorists who work in this area and the front-line personnel who daily confront these problems. Because of the general scope of the conference, the papers covered a wide range of issues and experiences.
Impulsivity
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Author : Christopher D. Webster
language : en
Publisher: Guilford Press
Release Date : 1997-06-20
Impulsivity written by Christopher D. Webster and has been published by Guilford Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-06-20 with Psychology categories.
Impulsivity features prominently in contemporary descriptions of many psychiatric disorders, and is also a key element in the clinical risk assessment of violence. Thoroughly examining the nature, assessment, and treatment of impulsive conduct, this up-to-date volume brings together contributions from prominent researchers and clinicians in both mental health and correctional settings. Chapters illuminate our current understanding of impulsive behavior from conceptual, legal, and biological perspectives, and address the challenges of describing and measuring it. With special emphasis on how the likelihood of future violent or destructive behavior can best be gauged in specific cases, the volume includes several newly developed risk assessment tools. Impulsivity also provides an invaluable overview of the current state of the research and delineates a broad, clinically pertinent agenda for future study. Impulsivity is an invaluable resource for clinicians working in private practice, correctional facilities, health care settings, and community-based programs. It also serves as a primary or supplementary text for advanced undergraduate and graduate-level courses.
Working With The Impulsive Person
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Author : H. A. Wishnie
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014-01-15
Working With The Impulsive Person written by H. A. Wishnie and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-15 with categories.
Stress And Decision Making
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Author : Richard Julian Wise
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Stress And Decision Making written by Richard Julian Wise and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Stress, gender, and impulsive personality traits are each associated with altered decision making, but no studies have yet examined interactions between all of these factors. Impulsive personality can be parsed into five subtypes, consisting of Negative Urgency, the tendency to act rashly in the face of extreme negative emotion; Positive Urgency, the tendency to act rashly in the face of strong positive emotion; Lack of Premeditation, the tendency to insufficiently consider actions prior to their implementation; Lack of Perseverance, the tendency to not complete tasks; and Sensation Seeking, the tendency to seek out novel or exciting stimuli. To assess interactions between acute social stress, impulsivity styles, and decision making, we exposed 78 young (aged 18-27) men and women to a social stress or a non-stress condition, and then administered three decision making tasks; The Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART), the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the Game of Dice Task (GDT). We found that stress effects on decision making differed as a function of both gender and impulsivity traits on each of these tasks. Specifically, during stress, women low in Negative Urgency and men high in Negative Urgency made fewer risky decisions on the BART. Positive Urgency yielded a similar pattern. Furthermore, during stress, women high in Sensation Seeking made more advantageous decisions in the ambiguous phase of the IGT, whereas men high in Sensation Seeking made fewer advantageous decisions in this phase. Finally, riskier decisions on the GDT were associated with Lack of Perseverance, an effect that tended to be more prominent in the stress condition, particularly in men. Decisions of varying levels of uncertainty, risk and ambiguity may thus depend on a complex interplay between the experience of stress, gender, and impulsive personality traits. These findings are relevant to clinical assessment and intervention for impulsivity-related disorders, such as Borderline Personality Disorder or substance-use disorders, in which there are deficits in decision making and higher levels of trait impulsivity are both prominent.
Understanding Impulsive Behavior
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Author : Christian Braddon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Understanding Impulsive Behavior written by Christian Braddon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with SCIENCE categories.
In this compilation, the authors begin by describing the main impulsive behavior assessment instruments in animals and humans. The following databases were searched from 2005 to 2017: MEDLINE, PsycINFO and BVS/Bireme. The search retrieved four questionnaires and eight tasks for humans, as well as six tasks for animals. This discussion, together with the analysis of instruments applied in human and non-human animals, is the greatest contribution to the field, since there is a lack of literature about the subject. In addition, this chapter discusses the importance of validating such instruments for each population. In the following chapter, the authors propose a developmental theory of persistence in problematic alcohol consumption that emanates from impulsigenic personality traits that differentially predispose individuals to drink when highly emotional. These patterns of behavior are reinforced over time and gradually shift from impulsive to compulsive, first to escape negative emotions, then to avoid them completely. For some, more adaptive methods of coping are not adequately developed. These individuals may transition into early adulthood far less equipped to cope with the stress related to this developmental period, and thus continue to drink in ways that are problematic and potentially harmful. The following chapter focuses on adolescence, a period of life wherein individuals pass through several changes, including experiencing new situations and new relationships with peers, parents and superiors. This phase of life is also marked by physical and brain maturation. The last area to develop in the central nervous system is the prefrontal cortex (PFC), the area also linked to the ability to control impulses. This suggests that adolescents tend to have more impulsive behaviors that can result in risky behaviors such as alcohol and drugs. So, the purpose of this chapter is to discuss impulsivity in adolescence, and clarify issues that may help us to understand topics related to this, such as the difference in impulsive behaviors between genders at this stage of life and what influence socioeconomic status may have on such behaviors. Afterwards, findings relating to emotional impulsiveness (EI) from the authors work and that of others are reviewed. Early work is first described that identified a neural (brain-wave) signature of EI in personality disordered offenders detained in high security. It was shown that, by categorizing offenders on the basis of this brain-wave measure as a priori high vs. low risk and following them up following their release into the community, it was possible to predict both general and violent re-offending with a modest degree of accuracy. Continuing, a review is included which summarizes the existing literature on the influence of the dimensions of impulsivity and alcohol use problems among racial/ethnic groups. In particular, the authors focus on how chronic stress may influence the relationship between specific dimensions of impulsivity (e.g., negative and positive urgency) and alcohol use. While much of the existing literature has been conducted in white samples, individuals from minority backgrounds often deal with greater stress and stress specifically related to their identity as minority. The authors go on to investigate the association between impulsive behaviors at age 7 and the development of problem gambling by adulthood. To determine the specificity of any observed association between impulsive behaviors and problem gambling, the chapter also examines the link between respondents shy/depressed behaviors in childhood and later problem gambling. The longitudinal investigation found prospective evidence that impulsive behaviors at age 7 are a specific and significant risk factor for later problem gambling. In the concluding study, a total of 318 psychiatric patients from the outpatient services of two institutions and 184 healthy subjects were recruited. Patients were included if they were > 18 years of age, met DSM-IV criteria for a psychotic, mood- or stress-related disorder and were clinically stable enough according to the treating physician to complete the study assessments. Healthy subjects were screened using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I) and were excluded if any diagnostic criteria was met or if they verbally reported a history of psychiatric disorders. The goal was to determine the impact of demographic variables and substance use in the overt expression of impulsivity in men and women with and without mental disorders.
Impulsivity And Aggression
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Author : Eric Hollander
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995-03-28
Impulsivity And Aggression written by Eric Hollander and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-03-28 with Medical categories.
Impulsivity and aggression have undergone considerable research scrutiny in recent years and will comprise a major research topic in psychiatry over the next decade. Violence is a public health issue of great concern and advances in our knowledge of the psychiatry of aggression and disorders of impulse control are therefore of tremendous importance. Specifically addressing diagnostic, epidemiologic, evolutionary, neurobiological, neuropsychological and legal issues, this timely text brings together a large array of diverse data to provide a unique, comprehensive and up-to-date account of this subject. Specific impulse control disorders, personality disorders, and related disorders such as self-mutilation, bulimia, substance abuse and neurological trauma are discussed. Treatment strategies?articularly psychopharmacology, new agents undergoing trials and psychological approaches?are reviewed. No single work has yet attempted to address systematically the phenomenology, neurobiology and treatment of impulsivity, aggression and disorders of impulse control. Written by leading world authorities in their field, this text will have a wide audience including researchers and clinicians in psychiatry, psychology, psychopharmacology and mental health care, as well as those in the fields of social and health policy.
Impulsivity
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Author : Jeffrey R. Stevens
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-03-29
Impulsivity written by Jeffrey R. Stevens and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-29 with Psychology categories.
As the 64th volume in the prestigious Nebraska Series on Motivation, this book focuses on impulsivity, a multi-faceted concept that encompasses such phenomena as the inability to wait, a tendency to act without forethought, insensitivity to consequences, and/or an inability to inhibit inappropriate behaviors. Due to this multi-faceted nature, it plays a critical role in a number of key behavioral problems, including pathological gambling, overeating, addiction, adolescent risk-taking, spread of sexually transmitted diseases, criminal behavior, financial decision making, and environmental attitudes. This broad and interdisciplinary scope has historically resulted in separate subfields studying impulsivity in relative isolation from one another. Therefore, a central achievement of this volume is to convey an integrative exploration of impulsivity. To provide a comprehensive and cohesive understanding of impulsivity, this volume brings together eminent scholars and rising researchers from different domains (developmental psychology, neuroscience, animal cognition, anthropology, addiction science), who use different techniques (behavioral assays, imaging, endocrinology, genetics). Moreover, it includes perspectives and analyses from the two primary types of impulsivity: impulsive choice (or decision making) and impulsive action (or disinhibition). The authors present expert analyses of topics such as delayed gratification, discounting models, and adaptive foraging decisions. Leveraging breadth of coverage and renowned scholarship, Impulsivity: How Time and Risk Influence Decision Making advances our understanding of this complex topic and sheds light on novel research directions and potential future collaborations.
Psychology Of Impulsivity
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Author : Mary C. Olmstead
language : en
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
Release Date : 2014
Psychology Of Impulsivity written by Mary C. Olmstead and has been published by Nova Science Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Impulse categories.
Impulsivity is a primary feature of many psychiatric conditions and often leads to maladaptive behaviours in nonclinical populations. This predisposition to rapid, unplanned actions and a disregard for future, negative consequences leads to seemingly irrational and self-defeating behaviours including substance abuse, pathological gambling, binge eating, and self-harm. Even in young children, impulsivity can have detrimental and long-lasting effects: deficits in impulse control predict poor academic performance and are correlated with behavioural, social, and emotional problems. This book provides an up-to-date overview of research in impulsivity from personality theories through cognitive and biological mechanisms to genetic markers. It also reviews current theories on factors that precipitate the emergence of impulsive behaviours, such as early adversity or learned contingencies. Topics include the development of assessment tools to identify impulsivity in vulnerable populations, conceptualization of impulsivity within a personality prototype model, and identification of disorders in which impulsivity leads to suicide-related behaviours. This broad psychosocial perspective helps to explain how impulsive tendencies develop and how these are exacerbated in certain conditions. Most importantly, factors that mediate the relationship between impulsivity and maladaptive behaviours such as aggression, excessive drug use, or self-injury are discussed throughout the book. Many of the authors present new ideas for the remediation and therapy of impulse control disorders; the final chapter discusses exciting advances from proof of concept studies exploring non-invasive brain stimulation as a treatment for neurocognitive impairments associated with impulsivity. Overall, the integration of data from behavioural, biological, social, and environmental studies takes research in impulsivity to a new level. For the reader, the novel theoretical perspectives presented in this book will lead to a more thorough understanding of the relationship between impulsivity and behavioural disorders.