The Invisible Workers Of The U S Mexico Bracero Program
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The Invisible Workers Of The U S Mexico Bracero Program
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Author : Ronald L. Mize
language : en
Publisher: Lexington Books
Release Date : 2016-08-30
The Invisible Workers Of The U S Mexico Bracero Program written by Ronald L. Mize and has been published by Lexington Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-30 with Social Science categories.
As the first and largest guestworker program, the U.S.–Mexico Bracero Program (1942–1964) codified the unequal relations of labor migration between the two nations. This book interrogates the articulations of race and class in the making of the Bracero Program by introducing new syntheses of sociological theories and methods to center the experiences and recollections of former Braceros and their families.
The U S Mexico Bracero Program
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Author : Ronald I. Mize
language : en
Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education
Release Date : 2020-08-31
The U S Mexico Bracero Program written by Ronald I. Mize and has been published by Macmillan Higher Education this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-31 with categories.
This document collection will introduce students to the U.S.-Mexico Bracero program and the experiences of those who labored within it. Students will engage with a wide range of primary sources, constructing an argument based on the central question: How did the nation’s first and largest guest worker program establish the context for the U.S. treatment Mexican labor migrants? Students are guided in their analyses of the documents by a learning objective, central question, historical background, source headnotes, source questions, project questions and suggestions for further research. Through their work with these sources, they will gain a deeper awareness of the diversity of the American experience, a more complete understanding of the present in an historically-based context, an enhanced ability to read, interpret, assess, and contextualize primary sources, and practice explaining historical change over time.
The Invisible Workers
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Author : Ronald L. Mize
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
The Invisible Workers written by Ronald L. Mize and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Foreign workers, Mexican categories.
Mexican Labor And World War Ii
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Author : Erasmo Gamboa
language : en
Publisher: University of Washington Press
Release Date : 2015-09-01
Mexican Labor And World War Ii written by Erasmo Gamboa and has been published by University of Washington Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-01 with History categories.
“Although Mexican migrant workers have toiled in the fields of the Pacific Northwest since the turn of the century, and although they comprise the largest work force in the region’s agriculture today, they have been virtually invisible in the region’s written labor history. Erasmo Gamboa’s study of the bracero program during World War II is an important beginning, describing and documenting the labor history of Mexican and Chicano workers in Oregon, Washington, and Idaho and contributing to our knowledge of farm labor.”—Oregon Historical Quarterly
Bracero Railroaders
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Author : Erasmo Gamboa
language : en
Publisher: University of Washington Press
Release Date : 2017-05-01
Bracero Railroaders written by Erasmo Gamboa and has been published by University of Washington Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-01 with History categories.
Desperate for laborers to keep the trains moving during World War II, the U.S. and Mexican governments created a now mostly forgotten bracero railroad program that sent a hundred thousand Mexican workers across the border to build and maintain railroad lines throughout the United States, particularly the West. Although both governments promised the workers adequate living arrangements and fair working conditions, most bracero railroaders lived in squalor, worked dangerous jobs, and were subject to harsh racial discrimination. Making matters worse, the governments held a percentage of the workers’ earnings in a savings and retirement program that supposedly would await the men on their return to Mexico. However, rampant corruption within both the railroad companies and the Mexican banks meant that most workers were unable to collect what was rightfully theirs. Historian Erasmo Gamboa recounts the difficult conditions, systemic racism, and decades-long quest for justice these men faced. The result is a pathbreaking examination that deepens our understanding of Mexican American, immigration, and labor histories in the twentieth-century U.S. West.
Defiant Braceros
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Author : Mireya Loza
language : en
Publisher: UNC Press Books
Release Date : 2016-09-02
Defiant Braceros written by Mireya Loza and has been published by UNC Press Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-02 with History categories.
In this book, Mireya Loza sheds new light on the private lives of migrant men who participated in the Bracero Program (1942–1964), a binational agreement between the United States and Mexico that allowed hundreds of thousands of Mexican workers to enter this country on temporary work permits. While this program and the issue of temporary workers has long been politicized on both sides of the border, Loza argues that the prevailing romanticized image of braceros as a family-oriented, productive, legal workforce has obscured the real, diverse experiences of the workers themselves. Focusing on underexplored aspects of workers' lives--such as their transnational union-organizing efforts, the sexual economies of both hetero and queer workers, and the ethno-racial boundaries among Mexican indigenous braceros--Loza reveals how these men defied perceived political, sexual, and racial norms. Basing her work on an archive of more than 800 oral histories from the United States and Mexico, Loza is the first scholar to carefully differentiate between the experiences of mestizo guest workers and the many Mixtec, Zapotec, Purhepecha, and Mayan laborers. In doing so, she captures the myriad ways these defiant workers responded to the intense discrimination and exploitation of an unjust system that still persists today.
The Bracero Program
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Author : Richard B. Craig
language : en
Publisher: University of Texas Press
Release Date : 2015-01-02
The Bracero Program written by Richard B. Craig and has been published by University of Texas Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-02 with Political Science categories.
Long before “Cesar Chávez” and “Chicano” became commonly known, the word “bracero” had established itself in the language of American politics. The Mexican Farm Labor Program—or bracero program as it came to be known—was from its inception in 1942 a highly controversial issue. At international, national, and subnational levels, it remained the focal point of an intense interest-group struggle. This struggle and its group combatants provide the central concern of this study. In the early 1940’s agribusiness interests had sought to contract Mexican laborers (“braceros”) for work on United States farms. With the entry of the United States into World War II, legislation was passed for contracting braceros on a large scale. What was originally a wartime measure soon became an institution. During twenty-two years, 4.2 million braceros were contracted. The United States, at the insistence of the Mexican government, became a partner in the program, ensuring that the braceros were provided housing, set wages, and other benefits. The program was, however, detrimental to one group in the United States: the native farmworker. Not only was the bracero provided guarantees that the native could not demand, but the bracero also got the native’s job. During the late forties and fifties, organized labor gathered its forces in Congress to oppose the program. Finally, an administration favorable to the native farmworker threw its support behind the native laborer, and through the Department of labor measures were passed that made it less attractive to hire foreign labor. In the end, the anti-bracero forces won out in Congress and defeated extension of the Mexican Farm Labor program. At the same time, the United States government, by setting the working standards for foreign workers, brought about an improvement in the working conditions and wages of native farm laborers. Besides the conflicts between domestic interests, Craig examines the international conflicts and issues involved, as well as the international agreements that were the basis of bracero contracting. He discusses with perception the program’s immediate and long-range effects on Mexico. His study analyzes and clarifies one of the most controversial domestic and international programs of the twentieth century.
Braceros
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Author : Deborah Cohen
language : en
Publisher: UNC Press Books
Release Date : 2011-02-15
Braceros written by Deborah Cohen and has been published by UNC Press Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-02-15 with Political Science categories.
At the beginning of World War II, the United States and Mexico launched the bracero program, a series of labor agreements that brought Mexican men to work temporarily in U.S. agricultural fields. In Braceros, Deborah Cohen asks why these migrants provoked so much concern and anxiety in the United States and what the Mexican government expected to gain in participating in the program. Cohen creatively links the often-unconnected themes of exploitation, development, the rise of consumer cultures, and gendered class and race formation to show why those with connections beyond the nation have historically provoked suspicion, anxiety, and retaliatory political policies.
Consuming Mexican Labor
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Author : Ronald Mize
language : en
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
Release Date : 2010-10-15
Consuming Mexican Labor written by Ronald Mize and has been published by University of Toronto Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-10-15 with Social Science categories.
Mexican migration to the United States and Canada is a highly contentious issue in the eyes of many North Americans, and every generation seems to construct the northward flow of labor as a brand new social problem. The history of Mexican labor migration to the United States, from the Bracero Program (1942-1964) to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), suggests that Mexicans have been actively encouraged to migrate northward when labor markets are in short supply, only to be turned back during economic downturns. In this timely book, Mize and Swords dissect the social relations that define how corporations, consumers, and states involve Mexican immigrant laborers in the politics of production and consumption. The result is a comprehensive and contemporary look at the increasingly important role that Mexican immigrants play in the North American economy.
Almost All Aliens
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Author : Paul Spickard
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2022-09-15
Almost All Aliens written by Paul Spickard and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-15 with History categories.
Almost All Aliens offers a unique reinterpretation of immigration in the history of the United States. Setting aside the European migrant-centered melting-pot model of immigrant assimilation, Paul Spickard, Francisco Beltrán, and Laura Hooton put forward a fresh and provocative reconceptualization that embraces the multicultural, racialized, and colonially inflected reality of immigration that has always existed in the United States. Their astute study illustrates the complex relationship between ethnic identity and race, slavery, and colonial expansion. Examining the lives of those who crossed the Atlantic, as well as those who crossed the Pacific, the Caribbean, and the North American Borderlands, Almost All Aliens provides a distinct, inclusive, and critical analysis of immigration, race, and identity in the United States from 1600 until the present. The second edition updates Almost All Aliens through the first two decades of the twenty-first century, recounting and analyzing the massive changes in immigration policy, the reception of immigrants, and immigrant experiences that whipsawed back and forth throughout the era. It includes a new final chapter that brings the story up to the present day. This book will appeal to students and researchers alike studying the history of immigration, race, and colonialism in the United States, as well as those interested in American identity, especially in the context of the early twenty-first century.