The Lithosphere
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Geodynamics Of The Lithosphere
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Author : Kurt Stüwe
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Geodynamics Of The Lithosphere written by Kurt Stüwe and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Science categories.
The large scale structure of the earth is caused by geodynamic processes which are explained using energetic, kinematic and dynamic descriptions. While "geodynamic processes" are understood to include a large variety of processes and the term is used by earth scientists quite loosely, the methods of their description involve well defined fields. Energetic descriptions are in volved with distribution of energy in our planet, typically expressed in terms of heat and temperature. Kinematic descriptions describe movements using velocities, strains and strain rates and Dynamic descriptions indicate how stresses and forces behave. As structural and metamorphic geologists we document in the field only the consequences of geological processes. The underlying causes are much harder to constrain directly. However, it is absolutely crucial to understand these causes or: "driving forces", if we are to explain the tectonic evolution of our planet. This book deals with the dynamic description of geological processes. Our descriptions relate causes and consequences - tectonic processes with field observations. In many cases, we will use equations as a concise form to describe processes and observations in nature. As we will be dealing mostly with large scale tectonic questions, the observations that we shall use are also on a large scale. For example, we shall use observations on the elevation (Fig. 1.1, 1.2) and heat flow of mountain ranges, the thickness of continents and the water depth of the oceans.
Geodynamics Of The Lithosphere
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Author : Kurt Stüwe
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-07-03
Geodynamics Of The Lithosphere written by Kurt Stüwe and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-07-03 with Science categories.
The large scale structure of the earth is caused by geodynamic processes which are explained using energetic, kinematic and dynamic descriptions. While "geodynamic processes" are understood to include a large variety of processes and the term is used quite loosely, the methods of their description involve well defined fields. Energetic descriptions are involved with distribu tion of energy in our planet, typically expressed in terms of heat and tempera ture. Kinematic descriptions describe movements using velocities, strains and strain rates. Dynamic descriptions indicate how stresses and forces behave. In the field, we document only the consequences of geological processes. The underlying causes are much harder to constrain directly. Nevertheless, if we want to explain the tectonic evolution of our planet, we need to interpret these causes or: "driving forces" . For this, we need to find a dynamic description of geological processes that is consistent with our observations. Our descriptions relate causes and consequences - tectonic processes with field observations. In many cases, we will use equations as a concise form to describe processes and observations in nature. As we will be dealing mostly with large scale tectonic questions, the observations that we shall use are also on a large scale. For example, we shall use observations on the elevation (Fig. 1. 1) and heat flow of mountain ranges, the thickness of continents and the water depth of the oceans.
Structure Of The Lithosphere And Deep Processes
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Author : Dawei Hong
language : en
Publisher: VSP
Release Date : 1997-09
Structure Of The Lithosphere And Deep Processes written by Dawei Hong and has been published by VSP this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-09 with Science categories.
This book is a collection of papers presented in the 30th International Geological Congress, held in Beijing, on structure of the lithosphere and deep processes. The papers deal with topics on the measurement of P-wave velocities in rocks, and elastic properties of crust and upper mantle.
Rheology And Deformation Of The Lithosphere At Continental Margins
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Author : Garry D. Karner
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2004-03-24
Rheology And Deformation Of The Lithosphere At Continental Margins written by Garry D. Karner and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-03-24 with Science categories.
Traditionally, investigations of the rheology and deformation of the lithosphere (the rigid or mechanically strong outer layer of the Earth, which contains the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle) have taken place at one scale in the laboratory and at an entirely different scale in the field. Laboratory experiments are generally restricted to centimeter-sized samples and day- or year-length times, while geological processes occur over tens to hundreds of kilometers and millions of years. The application of laboratory results to geological systems necessitates extensive extrapolation in both temporal and spatial scales, as well as a detailed understanding of the dominant physical mechanisms. The development of an understanding of large-scale processes requires an integrated approach. This book explores the current cutting-edge interdisciplinary research in lithospheric rheology and provides a broad summary of the rheology and deformation of the continental lithosphere in both extensional and compressional settings. Individual chapters explore contemporary research resulting from laboratory, observational, and theoretical experiments.
Isostasy And Flexure Of The Lithosphere
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Author : A. B. Watts
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2001-10-04
Isostasy And Flexure Of The Lithosphere written by A. B. Watts and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-10-04 with Science categories.
This unique book presents an overview of isostasy, a simple concept of fundamental importance to the Earth Sciences that students have traditionally found difficult to grasp. With this in mind, the author has used a simplified mathematical treatment, numerous geological examples and an extensive bibliography, to make the subject more accessible and easy-to-understand. Beginning by tracing the ideas behind local and regional models of isostasy and arguing that only flexure is in accord with geological observations, the book proceeds to describe the theoretical background, the observational evidence and the constraints that flexure has provided on physical properties of the lithosphere. The book concludes with a discussion of flexure's role in understanding the evolution of the surface features of the Earth and its neighboring planets. Ideal for graduate students of geophysics, geodesy and geoscience, it will also be of interest to researchers in gravity and geodesy, tectonics and basin analysis.
Structure Of The Lithosphere And Deep Processes
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Author : Hong Dawei
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2020-08-26
Structure Of The Lithosphere And Deep Processes written by Hong Dawei and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-26 with Science categories.
This book is a collection of papers presented in the 30th International Geological Congress, held in Beijing, on structure of the lithosphere and deep processes. The papers deal with topics on the measurement of P-wave velocities in rocks, and elastic properties of crust and upper mantle.
Terrestrial Heat Flow And The Lithosphere Structure
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Author : Vladimir Cermak
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Terrestrial Heat Flow And The Lithosphere Structure written by Vladimir Cermak and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Terrestrial Heat Flow and the Lithosphere Structure summarizes current problems of analyzing related data. The individual chapters are written by leading scientists in geothermics, and are arranged in three sections: - General Lithospheric Geothermics - Regional Lithospheric Geothermics - Worldwide Heat Flow Density Studies. Emphasis is laid on the interrelations between lithospheric structure and local heat flow fields.
Vertical Coupling And Decoupling In The Lithosphere
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Author : John Grocott
language : en
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Release Date : 2004
Vertical Coupling And Decoupling In The Lithosphere written by John Grocott and has been published by Geological Society of London this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Science categories.
" ... developed out of two symposia: 'Deformation at Convergent Margins', convened at the European Union of Geosciences meeting (EUG XI) at Strasbourg in April 2001; and 'Vertical Coupling and Decoupling at Convergent Margins', convened at the AGU Fall meeting in San Francisco in December 2001"--Acknowledgements.
Stress Regimes In The Lithosphere
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Author : Terry Engelder
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2014-07-14
Stress Regimes In The Lithosphere written by Terry Engelder and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-14 with Science categories.
The purpose of this book is to acquaint the geoscientist with issues associated with the debate over orientation and magnitude of stress in the lithosphere. Terry Engelder provides a broad understanding of the topic, while touching some of the specific details involved in the interpretation of stress data generated by the most commonly used measurement techniques. An understanding of stress in the lithosphere starts with an introduction to nomenclature based on three reference states of stress. Since rock strength governs differential stress magnitudes, stress regimes are identified according to the specific failure mechanism (crack propagation, shear rupture, ductile flow, or frictional slip) that controls the magnitude of stress at a particular time and place in the lithosphere. After introducing the various stress regimes, the author shows how their extent in the upper crust is demarcated by direct measurements of four types: hydraulic fracture, borehole-logging, strain-relaxation, and rigid-inclusion measurements. The relationship between lithospheric stress and the properties of rocks is then presented in terms of microcrack-related phenomena and residual stress. Lithospheric stress is also inferred from the analysis of earthquakes. Finally, lithospheric stress is placed in the context of large-scale stress fields and plate tectonics. Originally published in 1993. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Lithosphere
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Author : Irina Mikhaĭlovna Artemʹeva
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2011-07-28
Lithosphere written by Irina Mikhaĭlovna Artemʹeva and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-07-28 with Science categories.
Multidisciplinary overview of lithospheric structure and evolution, based on a full set of geophysical methods, for researchers and advanced students.