The Metacoupled Arctic And North Pacific
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The Metacoupled Arctic And North Pacific
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Author : Kelly Kapsar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
The Metacoupled Arctic And North Pacific written by Kelly Kapsar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Electronic dissertations categories.
Climate change is causing Arctic and sub-Arctic systems to warm at twice the global average rate. Warming temperatures are leading to unprecedented rates of sea ice decline, which is shifting the migratory patterns of animals, increasing accessibility to natural resources, and spurring tourists to travel to the Arctic. Many of these changes have the potential to increase marine vessel traffic in the Arctic. Ships are a primary mode of transportation in the Arctic, which has many remote communities and a fragmented road network. Ships take resources, such as fish, ores, and oil and gas, from the Arctic to global markets, and also serve as lifelines, bringing essential supplies to isolated communities. While these vessels serve to connect distant social-ecological systems and support human wellbeing, they can also have detrimental effects on the ecosystems through which they travel. Noise pollution, habitat degradation, ship strikes, invasive species introduction, and oil spills are all potential consequences of vessel traffic.Knowledge of the movements of vessels in space and time is necessary to determine the role that vessels are playing within Arctic systems and quantify their impacts. This information is also needed to predict the consequences of different vessel traffic policies for Arctic communities, ecosystems, and the interactions between them. The purpose of this dissertation is to quantify the spatiotemporal patterns of vessel traffic in Arctic social-ecological systems and to relate these patterns to other system components, including sea ice and wildlife movements. In chapter 2, we review the existing Arctic coupled human and natural systems literature and apply the newly introduced framework of metacoupling to explore the connections among the coupled human and natural systems of the Arctic and between Arctic systems and distant systems. We suggest that applying the metacoupling framework would improve future studies of Arctic coupled human and natural systems by distinguishing between different external connections and their unique impacts on sustainability. In chapter 3, we create a new, six-year data set of vessel activities in the North Pacific and Pacific Arctic Oceans. We then use these data in a case study examining the spatiotemporal patterns of vessel movements in the Bering Strait Region. As the only route connecting the Pacific and Arctic Oceans, the Bering Strait is a critical corridor for marine vessel traffic and migratory animals. While most vessel traffic in the region is local, we find that transient vessel traffic, particularly fishing activities and transport along the Northern Sea Route, increased between 2015 and 2020. In chapter 4, we focus on the movements of marine vessels in the ice-covered waters of the Pacific Arctic. We find that movements in ice differ by vessel type, and that while vessel traffic declines with increasing sea ice concentration, the overall amount of vessel traffic in sea ice increased between 2015 and 2020. In chapter 5, we evaluate the resource selection decisions of an endangered marine predator, the Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus), in relation to fishing and non-fishing vessel movements in a sub-Arctic system, the Gulf of Alaska. Our results illustrate that adult female Steller sea lions select areas away from fishing vessel activities at a weekly timescale. This finding supports the hypothesis that large fishing vessels may disturb Steller sea lions, with potential consequences for their fitness. This dissertation expands upon the metacoupling framework by building a foundational understanding of the transportation of metacoupled flows. This work also contributes to the growing body of knowledge of vessel movements and their impacts on marine systems, which can be applied to design policies that promote the sustainable use of marine systems in a changing world.
North Pacific Research Board Science Plan
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Author : North Pacific Research Board
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005-01-01
North Pacific Research Board Science Plan written by North Pacific Research Board and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-01 with Arctic Ocean categories.
The Arctic In World Affairs
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Author : Oran R. Young
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
The Arctic In World Affairs written by Oran R. Young and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Arctic regions categories.
This publication addresses five major themes relating to the maritime Arctic: potential Arctic shipping, Arctic marine environmental protection, Arctic Marine living resources, potential Arctic oil and gas development and informal Arctic governance mechanisms. Bring together prominent Arctic experts from the three North Pacific Arctic coastal states (Canada, Russia, and the US) and three leading North Pacific non-Arctic states (China, Japan, and South Korea), the book goes beyond generalities; it addresses the details of major concerns in an effort to identify practical solutions to Arctic marine issues and move them from paper to practice. ... The book contributes by filling gaps in knowledge regarding the maritime Arctic, identifying remaining uncertainties, and developing policy innovations that can promote peaceful and sustainable uses of Arctic resources in the future.--[p.2] of cover.
North Pacific Climate Variability And Arctic Sea Ice
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Author : Megan E. Linkin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
North Pacific Climate Variability And Arctic Sea Ice written by Megan E. Linkin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
The Arctic In World Affairs
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Author : Robert W. Corell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
The Arctic In World Affairs written by Robert W. Corell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Arctic regions categories.
A "New Arctic" is emerging that is functionally operating in a dramatically changed—and rapidly changing—world order. This New Arctic is a direct consequence of unprecedented changes in the global climate system and concurrent transformations in the geopolitical world, all of which further drive changes in the Arctic, which in turn have global consequences. The scale of change in this New Arctic presents a new and shifting reality, with global reach. These rapid changes provide new venues and opportunities that affect the interests of Arctic coastal nations and high-north businesses and governance. Finally, a new international multi-decadal-scale agenda is emerging that increasingly focuses on four major changes, with international and domestic consequences: climate change, global and Arctic regional socio-economic change, challenges that affect human and societal well-being, and geopolitical realities.
The Arctic In World Affairs
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Author : Lawson W. Brigham
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
The Arctic In World Affairs written by Lawson W. Brigham and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Arctic regions categories.
The eight Arctic states (Canada, Denmark/Greenland, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, the Russian Federation, and the United States) wish to maintain a position of preeminence when it comes to dealing with matters of Arctic Ocean governance. However, major non-Arctic states, while recognizing the sovereign rights of the coastal states in their economic zones and on their continental shelves, have growing interests in the maritime Arctic relating to activities such as commercial shipping, oil and gas development, fishing and ship-based tourism. They are increasingly claiming to have a legitimate interest in being consulted when it comes to addressing matters relating to the governance of such activities.
Science Technology And The Path Forward For A New Arctic
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Science Technology And The Path Forward For A New Arctic written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Arctic regions categories.
This publication, "Science, Technology and the Path Forward for a New Arctic", is a compilation of papers that served as background to the North Pacific Arctic Conference's virtual sessions in 2021, which focused on the role of science and technology in the contemporary Arctic. The first decade of the NPAC had focused on the transformation of the Arctic into a region of increasing centrality due to climate change and new technologies. However, the second decade of NPAC would expand on this theme by examining the Arctic's role as a critical region of rapid geophysical change with potentially devastating impacts on the planet. The document includes papers on Arctic science, technology, policy, governance, and the blue economy. It also features short summaries of highlights from the conference sessions, introduced according to the "Chatham House Rule" promising confidentiality to promote exploration and frankness. The five sessions covered in this document are as follows: The Policy Environment for Arctic Cooperation, North Pacific Perspectives on Arctic Science and International Cooperation, Integrating Science and Policy to Adapt to Climate Change Impacts, Will New Frontiers in Arctic Marine Technology Support a Blue Economy? and Technological Dimensions of Arctic Governance.
Proceedings Of The Pices Coml Iprc Workshop On Impact Of Climate Variability On Observation And Prediction Of Ecosystem And Biodiversity Changes In The North Pacific
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Author : Vera Alexander
language : en
Publisher: Sidney, B.C. : North Pacific Marine Science Organization
Release Date : 2001
Proceedings Of The Pices Coml Iprc Workshop On Impact Of Climate Variability On Observation And Prediction Of Ecosystem And Biodiversity Changes In The North Pacific written by Vera Alexander and has been published by Sidney, B.C. : North Pacific Marine Science Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Biodiversity categories.
The Arctic In World Affairs
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Author : Robert W. Corell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
The Arctic In World Affairs written by Robert W. Corell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Arctic regions categories.
The Arctic In World Affairs
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
The Arctic In World Affairs written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
