The Novarupta Katmai Eruption Of 1912
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The Novarupta Katmai Eruption Of 1912
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Author : U.S. Department of the Interior
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2014-03-30
The Novarupta Katmai Eruption Of 1912 written by U.S. Department of the Interior and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-30 with Nature categories.
The Novarupta-Katmai eruption in early June 1912—the most powerful in the world in the 20th century—was surpassed in size during all of recorded history only by the 1815 eruption of Tambora Volcano (Indonesia). When this voluminous eruption occurred, however, Alaska was quite different from what it is today. The total population of the Alaska Territory in 1912 was only about 50,000, living in a vast, remote region that was terra incognita to most of the world. Alaska's geology and volcanoes had been little studied, and the science of volcanology was nascent—even the early investigators at Katmai lacked the basic understanding of magmatic and volcanic phenomena that we take for granted today. Moreover, doing fieldwork—then as now—in the rugged Alaskan terrain posed daunting challenges, such as coping with the ever-present storms, icy streams, windblown dust and ash, and bears. However, such disadvantages of Alaskan field conditions are counterbalanced by the scientific bonus that the desolate, unvegetated Kat mai volcanic landscape also presented exceptionally well exposed large pyroclastic deposits available for detailed investigations.
The Novarupta Katmai Eruption Of 1912
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Author : Wes Hildreth
language : en
Publisher: Geological Survey
Release Date : 2012
The Novarupta Katmai Eruption Of 1912 written by Wes Hildreth and has been published by Geological Survey this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Nature categories.
"The explosive outburst at Novarupta (Alaska) in June 1912 was the 20th century's most voluminous volcanic eruption. Marking its centennial, we illustrate and document the complex eruptive sequence, which was long misattributed to nearby Mount Katmai, and how its deposits have provided key insights about volcanic and magmatic processes."--
The Novarupta Katmai Eruption Of 1912
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Author : Wes Hildreth
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
The Novarupta Katmai Eruption Of 1912 written by Wes Hildreth and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
The Novarupta Katmai Eruption Of 1912 Largest Eruption Of The Twentieth Century Centennial Perspectives Professional Paper 1791 2012
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
The Novarupta Katmai Eruption Of 1912 Largest Eruption Of The Twentieth Century Centennial Perspectives Professional Paper 1791 2012 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
The Plinian Eruptions Of 1912 At Novarupta Katmai National Park Alaska
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Author : Judy Fierstein
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
The Plinian Eruptions Of 1912 At Novarupta Katmai National Park Alaska written by Judy Fierstein and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Volcanoes categories.
Witness
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Author : Jeanne M. Schaaf
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Witness written by Jeanne M. Schaaf and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Government publications categories.
Words from local residents and added text tell of the effects of the June 6, 1912 eruption of Novarupta volcano.
Progress Report Vent Processes During The 1912 Eruption At Novarupta Katmai National Park Alaska
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Author : Terri Bates
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Progress Report Vent Processes During The 1912 Eruption At Novarupta Katmai National Park Alaska written by Terri Bates and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with categories.
Studies In Volcanology
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Author : Howel Williams
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1968
Studies In Volcanology written by Howel Williams and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1968 with Science categories.
Vent Processes During The 1912 Eruption At Novarupta Katmai National Park Alaska
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Author : Terri L. Bates
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Vent Processes During The 1912 Eruption At Novarupta Katmai National Park Alaska written by Terri L. Bates and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Volcanoes categories.
Vent Processes During The 1912 Eruption At Novarupta Katmai National Park Alaska Progress Report November 15 1991 November 14 1992
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Vent Processes During The 1912 Eruption At Novarupta Katmai National Park Alaska Progress Report November 15 1991 November 14 1992 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with categories.
Blocks of welded fragmental material ejected at Novarupta during the great eruption of 1912 provide evidence of the contents and development of the vent. Because they appear to represent material held at magmatic temperature for hours to days and then quenched at depth and ejected, they provide unusual information on the timing of processes of degassing, welding, and magma mixing. Two breccia types are distinguished by proportions of the three magmatic components. Type 1 breccia (Hildreth's ''vitrophyre'') is rhyolite- and andesite-rich (''volcanic inclusions'' in the glassy matrix were found to be 1912 andesite), contains abundant lithics, and is found throughout deposits of the eruption's second and third days. It corresponds to magmatic proportions being erupted toward the end of the first day, or Episode I. Type 2 is dacite-rich and poor in lithics, and occurs only at the surface. It corresponds to magmatic proportions erupted during Episodes II and III. A pyroclastic dike exposed in a bomb of Type 2 vent breccia is petrologically related to Novarupta lava. Water is strongly but not completely degassed from vent breccias (Type I breccia at 0.30 wt % H2O and Type 2 breccia at 0.15 wt % H2O even when bread crusted) and more thoroughly degassed from dome lava (rhyolite and andesite at