The Ontology Of The Analytic Tradition And Its Origins
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The Ontology Of The Analytic Tradition And Its Origins
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Author : Jan Dejnozka
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 1996
The Ontology Of The Analytic Tradition And Its Origins written by Jan Dejnozka and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Philosophy categories.
The analytic movement advertised its 'linguistic turn' as a radical break from the two-thousand-year-old substance tradition. But this is an illusion. On the fundamental level of ontology, there is enough reformulation and presupposition of traditional 'no entity without identity' themes to analogize Frege, Russell, Wittgenstein, and Quine to Aristotle as paradigmatic of modified realism. Thus the pace of ontology is glacial. Frege and Russell, not Wittgenstein and Quine, emerge as the true analytic progenitors of 'no entity without identity, ' offering between them at least twenty-nine private language arguments and sixty-four 'no entity without identity' theories
Essays On The Ontological Distinctions
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Author : Jan Dejnozka
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020-09-10
Essays On The Ontological Distinctions written by Jan Dejnozka and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-10 with categories.
This book brings the ontological distinctions out of the museum of antiquities and into philosophy today, changing them greatly in the process. Mental distinctions are abolished, and all ontological distinctions are assayed as formal distinctions in the sense of having a foundation in reality. The book includes three previously unpublished essays on the ontological distinctions in Francisco Suárez, René Descartes, and Bertrand Russell. The first two essays are primarily critical and original thinking. The third essay shows how the ontological distinctions apply to the philosophy of Russell. It summarizes and goes beyond my interpretation of Russell in The Ontology of the Analytic Tradition and Its Origins (2003 / 1996). ABSTRACT OF ESSAY 1: In his "On Various Kinds of Distinctions" (de Variis Distinctionum Generibus), which is Disputatio 7 in Disputationes Metaphysicae, Francisco Suárez admits real distinction, modal distinction, and mental distinction, but rejects formal distinction. I accept his real distinction and modal distinction. But I argue against mental distinction and in favor of formal distinction. I hold that his mental distinctions ought to be formal distinctions, and that his modal distinctions are actually a kind of formal distinction. He also needs to be updated. Much of the update is due to Frege, Moore, Russell, and Wittgenstein. In particular, I define the foundation in reality of a distinction as its truth-ground. Thus all true (genuine) distinctions are formal distinctions in that modern objective sense, and none are mental or even intermediate between the mental and the real. Suárez bases his argument against formal distinction on the law of excluded middle, while Frege and Aristotle in effect find that all sorts of overlapping objects are plainly compatible with that law. I find that Frege and Aristotle are examples of how to apply the law of excluded middle, and Suárez is an example of how not to. I argue for formal distinctions in part 1. I argue against mental distinctions in part 2. Descartes follows Suárez so closely that the critique of Suárez applies to Descartes as well. ABSTRACT OF ESSAY 2: I discuss three Aristotelian versions of Bertrand Russell's infinite regress of resemblances argument for the existence of universals. Aristotle could have given them, but did not. The property regress is basically the same as Russell's. The form regress replaces Russell's exactly similar properties with exactly similar forms, and the pros hen regress replaces them with exactly similar predicative pros hen beings. But the concepts of form and of pros hen relation are problematic, especially the concept of formal distinction, which is notoriously difficult to explain. I define a distinction's foundation in reality as its truth-ground. All true (genuine) distinctions are formal in that sense; thus none can have an intermediate locus or truth-ground. And when we define foundation in reality as truth-ground and drop the intermediate locus, formal distinction becomes clear. The concept of pros hen being is problematic concerning its relation to univocal being and to analogical being. ABSTRACT OF ESSAY 3: This essay is about being qua identity theories in Bertrand Russell. A being qua identity theory is any theory that aims to define, explain, or understand some concept of being, reality, existence, or reference in terms of some concept of identity. Most philosophers know that Quine coined the slogan "no entity without identity," and that Wittgenstein understood reference in terms of identity criteria. Most also know that Russell was a primary influence on Wittgenstein and Quine on many logical and metaphysical issues. But it is not well known that Russell was also a "no entity without identity" theorist influencing Wittgenstein and Quine on the deepest ontological level. I explain all of Russell's main ontological phases as belonging to a kind of being qua identity theory which I call modified realism
Introducing Analytic Philosophy
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Author : Herbert Hochberg
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Introducing Analytic Philosophy written by Herbert Hochberg and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Analysis (Philosophy) categories.
This work is both an excellent primer in the development of twentieth-century philosophy, and at the same time, a critique of its linguistic excesses and separation from the world as such. Herbert Hochberg takes as his cue the words of Bertrand Russell that "absorption in language sometimes leads to a neglect of the connection of language with non-linguistic facts, although it is this connection that gives meaning to words and significance to sentences." Introducing Analytic Philosophy is a balanced effort to stay within the linguistic turns that have characterized philosophy in the past century. The author does this by a review of those philosophies that treat things and facts seriously. It is Hochberg's contention that the classical focus on ontology, combined with precise and careful formulations that marked the writings of the early founders of the analytic tradition, has degenerated into the spinning of intricate webs of verbal analysis. The latter supposedly yield theories of meaning, but more often signal the rebirth of idealism in the guises of anti-realism and internal realism. The focus on the world, as what words are about, is often lost by analytic philosophers who concentrate on language itself at the cost of the world itself. Such trends toward linguistic exclusivity have come to typify analytic tradition in the United States and the United Kingdom, as well as continental European tendencies. Hochberg is unafraid of a polemical accounting of those trends that display arrogance toward and ignorance of the philosophical tradition that such tendencies illustrate, even in influential works. The book discusses in depth the early works of Frege, Meinong, and Bradley, and follows these with examinations of Russell, Wittgenstein, and other important, if lesser-known works. The author notes the processes by which the early analytic tradition, with its careful and precise formulations, was sometimes transformed into dismissal of real-world concerns as such. The work is clear and incisive. It can be read with great benefit by scientists and students of culture, no less than specialists in the history of philosophy. Herbert Hochberg is professor of philosophy at the University of Texas in Austin. Among his works are critical related essays in Philosophical Studies, Methodos, Nous, and a series of edited volumes.
Historical Ontology
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Author : Ian Hacking
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2004-09-15
Historical Ontology written by Ian Hacking and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-09-15 with Philosophy categories.
With the unusual clarity, distinctive and engaging style, and penetrating insight that have drawn such a wide range of readers to his work, Ian Hacking here offers his reflections on the philosophical uses of history. The focus of this volume, which collects both recent and now-classic essays, is the historical emergence of concepts and objects, through new uses of words and sentences in specific settings, and new patterns or styles of reasoning within those sentences. In its lucid and thoroughgoing look at the historical dimension of concepts, the book is at once a systematic formulation of Hacking’s approach and its relation to other types of intellectual history, and a valuable contribution to philosophical understanding. Hacking opens the volume with an extended meditation on the philosophical significance of history. The importance of Michel Foucault—for the development of this theme, and for Hacking’s own work in intellectual history—emerges in the following chapters, which place Hacking’s classic essays on Foucault within the wider context of general reflections on historical methodology. Against this background, Hacking then develops ideas about how language, styles of reasoning, and “psychological” phenomena figure in the articulation of concepts—and in the very prospect of doing philosophy as historical ontology.
On The Genealogy Of Universals
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Author : Fraser MacBride
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018-03-02
On The Genealogy Of Universals written by Fraser MacBride and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-02 with Philosophy categories.
The concepts of particular and universal have become so familiar that their significance has become difficult to discern, like coins that have been passed back and forth too many times, worn smooth so their values can no longer be read. On the Genealogy of Universals seeks to overcome our sense of over-familiarity with these concepts by providing a case study of their evolution during the late 19th century and early 20th century, a study that shows how the history of these concepts is bound up with the origins and development of analytic philosophy itself. Understanding how these concepts were taken up, transfigured and given up by the early analytic philosophers, enables us to recover and reanimate the debate amongst them that otherwise remains Delphic - to interpret some of the early, originating texts of analytic philosophy that have hitherto baffled commentators, including Moore's early papers, to appreciate afresh the neglected contributions of philosophical figures that historians of analytic philosophy have mostly since forgot, including Stout and Whitehead, and to shed new light upon the relationships of Moore to Russell and Russell to Wittgenstein.
The Oxford Handbook Of The History Of Analytic Philosophy
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Author : Michael Beaney
language : en
Publisher: Oxford Handbooks
Release Date : 2013-06-20
The Oxford Handbook Of The History Of Analytic Philosophy written by Michael Beaney and has been published by Oxford Handbooks this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-20 with Philosophy categories.
The main stream of academic philosophy, in Anglophone countries and increasingly worldwide, is identified by the name 'analytic'. The study of its history, from the 19th century to the late 20th, has boomed in recent years. These specially commissioned essays by forty leading scholars constitute the most comprehensive book on the subject.
Theory And Applications Of Ontology Philosophical Perspectives
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Author : Roberto Poli
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-08-28
Theory And Applications Of Ontology Philosophical Perspectives written by Roberto Poli and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-08-28 with Philosophy categories.
Ontology was once understood to be the philosophical inquiry into the structure of reality: the analysis and categorization of ‘what there is’. Recently, however, a field called ‘ontology’ has become part of the rapidly growing research industry in information technology. The two fields have more in common than just their name. Theory and Applications of Ontology is a two-volume anthology that aims to further an informed discussion about the relationship between ontology in philosophy and ontology in information technology. It fills an important lacuna in cutting-edge research on ontology in both fields, supplying stage-setting overview articles on history and method, presenting directions of current research in either field, and highlighting areas of productive interdisciplinary contact. Theory and Applications of Ontology: Philosophical Perspectives presents ontology in philosophy in ways that computer scientists are not likely to find elsewhere. The volume offers an overview of current research traditions in ontology, contrasting analytical, phenomenological, and hermeneutic approaches. It introduces the reader to current philosophical research on those categories of everyday and scientific reasoning that are most relevant to present and future research in information technology.
Ontology
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Author : Dale Jacquette
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-12-18
Ontology written by Dale Jacquette and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-18 with Philosophy categories.
The philosophical study of what exists and what it means for something to exist is one of the core concerns of metaphysics. This introduction to ontology provides readers with a comprehensive account of the central ideas of the subject of being. This book is divided into two parts. The first part explores questions of pure philosophical ontology: what is meant by the concept of being, why there exists something rather than nothing, and why there is only one logically contingent actual world. Dale Jacquette shows how logic provides the only possible answers to these fundamental problems. The second part of the book examines issues of applied scientific ontology. Jacquette offers a critical survey of some of the most influential traditional ontologies, such as the distinction between appearance and reality, and the categories of substance and transcendence. The ontology of physical entities - space, time, matter and causation - is examined as well as the ontology of abstract entities such as sets, numbers, properties, relations and propositions. The special problems posed by the subjectivity of mind and of postulating a god are also explored in detail. The final chapter examines the ontology of culture, language and art.
Innovations In The History Of Analytical Philosophy
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Author : Sandra Lapointe
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-09-18
Innovations In The History Of Analytical Philosophy written by Sandra Lapointe and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-18 with Philosophy categories.
This book offers new perspectives on the history of analytical philosophy, surveying recent scholarship on the philosophical study of mind, language, logic and reality over the course of the last 200 years. Each chapter contributes to a broader engagement with a wider range of figures, topics and disciplines outside of philosophy than has been traditionally associated with the history of analytical philosophy. The book acquaints readers with new aspects of analytical philosophy’s revolutionary past while engaging in a much needed methodological reflection. It questions the meaning associated with talk of 'analytic' philosophy and offers new perspective on its development. It offers original studies on a range of topics – including in the philosophy of language and mind, logic, metaphysics and the philosophy of mathematics – and figures whose relevance, when they is not already established as in the case of Russell, Moore and Wittgenstein, are just now beginning to become the topic of mainstream literature: Franz Brentano, William James, Susan Langer as well as the German and British logicians of the nineteenth century.
Bertrand Russell On Modality And Logical Relevance
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Author : Jan Dejnožka
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-08-13
Bertrand Russell On Modality And Logical Relevance written by Jan Dejnožka and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-13 with Philosophy categories.
First published in 1999, this volume re-examines Bertrand Russell’s views on modal logic and logical relevance, arguing that Russell does in fact accommodate modality and modal logic. The author, Jan Dejnožka, draws together Russell’s comments and perspectives from throughout his canon in order to demonstrate a coherent view on logical modality and logical relevance. To achieve this, Dejnožka explores questions including whether Russell has a possible worlds logic, Rescher’s case against Russell, Russell’s three levels of modality and the motives and origins of Russell’s theory of modality.