The Origins Of Violence By Cultural Evolution
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The Origins Of Violence By Cultural Evolution
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Author : Piero P. Giorgi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
The Origins Of Violence By Cultural Evolution written by Piero P. Giorgi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Violence categories.
The Origins Of Unfairness
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Author : Cailin O'Connor
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2019
The Origins Of Unfairness written by Cailin O'Connor and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Equality categories.
In almost every human society some people get more and others get less. Why is inequity the rule in these societies? In The Origins of Unfairness, philosopher Cailin O'Connor firstly considers how groups are divided into social categories, like gender, race, and religion, to address this question. She uses the formal frameworks of game theory and evolutionary game theory to explore the cultural evolution of the conventions which piggyback on these seemingly irrelevant social categories. These frameworks elucidate a variety of topics from the innateness of gender differences, to collaboration in academia, to household bargaining, to minority disadvantage, to homophily. They help to show how inequity can emerge from simple processes of cultural change in groups with gender and racial categories, and under a wide array of situations. The process of learning conventions of coordination and resource division is such that some groups will tend to get more and others less. O'Connor offers solutions to such problems of coordination and resource division and also shows why we need to think of inequity as part of an ever evolving process. Surprisingly minimal conditions are needed to robustly produce phenomena related to inequity and, once inequity emerges in these models, it takes very little for it to persist indefinitely. Thus, those concerned with social justice must remain vigilant against the dynamic forces that push towards inequity.
The Origins Of Violence
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Author : Anatol Rapoport
language : en
Publisher: Transaction Publishers
Release Date : 1994-12-31
The Origins Of Violence written by Anatol Rapoport and has been published by Transaction Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-12-31 with Political Science categories.
In this fundamental analysis, Rapoport asks: Why do we have wars? Doesn't humanity always seem on the verge of self-annihilation? Is there something in human genetic structure that makes people want to kill each other? Perhaps this impulse is a matter of good versus evil, or just plain human nature. Rapoport moves beyond clichés by claiming that the sources of modern violence reside in the imbalance between a lag in the system of values inherited from the past and the structure of science and technology that awaits no revision of values to move ahead. As a result, Rapoport argues that the study of war and peace should be considered a science, just like biology or, for that matter, political science. The same rules of empirical engagement and experimentation should apply. Before we can have a theory of peace, we need a methodology of conflict. Using the writings of thinkers who have made significant contributions to the predominant ideas and ideals of our society, Rapoport weaves together the strands of independent thought and research into a single, thought-provoking work. After investigating the whys of violence, using ideological, psychological, strategic, and systemic perspective, Rapoport moves to an in-depth analysis of possible varieties of conflict resolution. He explores such mechanisms as mediation, education, and applying the results of scientific research. He documents the impact of ideologies countervailing dominant ones that place obstacles in the way of peacemaking. Rapoport argues that conciliation and game theories can be utilized to replace the concept of winner take all or total victory. The Origins of Violence is a needed contribution to our understanding of warfare, and provides a forward-looking perspective that can be of wide use to each of the policy sciences, starting with military strategy and ending with international development.
Evolution And Conversion
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Author : René Girard
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2017-02-23
Evolution And Conversion written by René Girard and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-23 with Religion categories.
Evolution and Conversion explores the main tenets of René Girard's thought in a series of dialogues. Here, Girard reflects on the evolution of his thought and offers striking new insights on topics such as violence, religion, desire and literature. His long argument is a historical one in which the origin of culture and religion is reunited in the contemporary world by means of a reinterpretation of Christianity and an understanding of the intrinsically violent nature of human beings. He also offers provocative re-readings of Biblical and literary texts and responds to statements by Daniel Dennett and Richard Dawkins. Including an introduction by the authors, this is a revealing text by one of the most original thinkers of our time.
Cultures Of Violence
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Author : S. Carroll
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2007-05-23
Cultures Of Violence written by S. Carroll and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-23 with History categories.
Thinkers and historians have long perceived violence and its control as integral to the very idea of 'Western Civilization'. Focusing on interpersonal violence and the huge role it played in human affairs in the post-medieval West, this timely collection brings together the latest interdisciplinary and historical research in the field.
The Origin And Evolution Of Cultures
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Author : Robert Boyd
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2005-01-20
The Origin And Evolution Of Cultures written by Robert Boyd and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-20 with Science categories.
Oxford presents, in one convenient and coherently organized volume, 20 influential but until now relatively inaccessible articles that form the backbone of Boyd and Richerson's path-breaking work on evolution and culture. Their interdisciplinary research is based on two notions. First, that culture is crucial for understanding human behavior; unlike other organisms, socially transmitted beliefs, attitudes, and values heavily influence our behavior. Secondly, culture is part of biology: the capacity to acquire and transmit culture is a derived component of human psychology, and the contents of culture are deeply intertwined with our biology. Culture then is a pool of information, stored in the brains of the population that gets transmitted from one brain to another by social learning processes. Therefore, culture can account for both our outstanding ecological success as well as the maladaptations that characterize much of human behavior. The interest in this collection will span anthropology, psychology, economics, philosophy, and political science.
How We Became Human
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Author : Pierpaolo Antonello
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
How We Became Human written by Pierpaolo Antonello and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
The Origin And Evolution Of Cultures
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Author : Los Angeles Robert Boyd Professor of Anthropology University of California
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2004-12-22
The Origin And Evolution Of Cultures written by Los Angeles Robert Boyd Professor of Anthropology University of California and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-12-22 with Social Science categories.
Oxford presents, in one convenient and coherently organized volume, 20 influential but until now relatively inaccessible articles that form the backbone of Boyd and Richerson's path-breaking work on evolution and culture. Their interdisciplinary research is based on two notions. First, that culture is crucial for understanding human behavior; unlike other organisms, socially transmitted beliefs, attitudes, and values heavily influence our behavior. Secondly, culture is part of biology: the capacity to acquire and transmit culture is a derived component of human psychology, and the contents of culture are deeply intertwined with our biology. Culture then is a pool of information, stored in the brains of the population that gets transmitted from one brain to another by social learning processes. Therefore, culture can account for both our outstanding ecological success as well as the maladaptations that characterize much of human behavior. The interest in this collection will span anthropology, psychology, economics, philosophy, and political science.
Evolution And Conversion
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Author : René Girard
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Evolution And Conversion written by René Girard and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Religion and culture categories.
"Evolution and Conversion explores the main tenets of Rene Girard's thought in a series of dialogues. Here, Girard reflects on the evolution of his thought and offers striking new insights on topics such as violence, religion, desire and literature. His long argument is a historical one in which the origin of culture and religion is reunited in the contemporary world by means of a reinterpretation of Christianity and an understanding of the intrinsically violent nature of human beings. He also offers provocative re-readings of biblical and literary texts and responds to statements by Daniel Dennett and Richard Dawkins. Including an introduction by the authors, this is a revealing text by one of the most original thinkers of our time."--Bloomsbury Publishing.
Nonviolence
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Author : Senthil Ram
language : en
Publisher: Nova Publishers
Release Date : 2008
Nonviolence written by Senthil Ram and has been published by Nova Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Political Science categories.
The so-called 'war on terror' has gone badly for the West, playing directly into the strategy of al-Qa'ida and the rest of the terrorist network. Why did this happen? Were there other approaches that might have been implemented with better prospects of success? This edited collection of perspectives on the non-violent counter to terrorism opens the topic to serious consideration. The development of a non-violent paradigm brings into sharp focus the deficiencies of present thinking, and paves the way for comprehending how non-violence might overcome those deficiencies and introduce viable alternatives. Since there is a general ignorance about the history, theory and operational dynamics of non-violence, these aspects are featured throughout the book, and related to the special case of terrorism. To understand empathetically the background and mind-set of the opponent (without condoning his actions), to study his culture, to avoid the strategic trap he has set, to examine the different gender reactions of a Muslim Society, to differentiate between non-violent Islam and Islamic Terrorism, to jettison the misinformed baggage we carry about violence, to appreciate the positive role education and aesthetics can play, and to investigate ways in which a non-violent counter to terrorism might be staged, including a Gandhian response. These are just some of the tasks that the contributors have collectively pursued. Their ideas excitingly open up a whole new set of possibilities for a more peaceful world.