The Production And Fate Of Molecular Anions Formed By Electron Attachment To Low Electron Affinity Compounds
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The Production And Fate Of Molecular Anions Formed By Electron Attachment To Low Electron Affinity Compounds
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Author : Michael Jeffrey Salyards
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003-06-01
The Production And Fate Of Molecular Anions Formed By Electron Attachment To Low Electron Affinity Compounds written by Michael Jeffrey Salyards and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-06-01 with Anthracene categories.
Resonance electron capture and thermal electron detachment rate constants have been determined for several low electron affinity (EA) compounds, including anthracene, benzophenone, quinoxaline. These measurements were taken by comparing the molecule of interest with SF(6) using pulsed high pressure mass spectrometry (PHPMS) to evaluate the time profiles for the relevant anions. These measurements were affected by recapture of detached electrons as well as loss of these electrons by diffusion to the walls of the ion source. This dissertation also explains why these low EA molecules are not seen at atmospheric conditions. Using the PHPMS, the reactions of the molecular anions of anthracene, quinazoline, benzophenone, quinoxaline and azulene with oxygen and water have been studied. In the simultaneous presence of oxygen and water, these molecular anions, M, are rapidly destroyed and the ion, (O2 - H2O), is rapidly formed. The high rate with which this transition occurs cannot be explained by the simplest model envisioned that is based on well-known ion molecule reactions. These results can be explained, however, by inclusion into the model of a previously uncharacterized reaction between the molecular ion- oxygen complex, (M-O(2)), and water. The results reported here explain why the molecular anions of compounds that have lower EA's than that of azulene are not readily observed in electron capture ion sources of one atmosphere buffer gas pressure. In addition, it is shown that the reactions characterized here lead to a state of chemical equilibrium between the M and (O2 -H(2)O) ions within the PHPMS ion source from which the EA values of the low-EA compounds can be determined. By this method the electron affinities of anthracene, quinazoline, benzophenone and quinoxaline are found to be 0.54, 0.56, 0.61 and 0.68 eV, respectively.
Dissertation Abstracts International
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Dissertation Abstracts International written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Dissertations, Academic categories.
Practical Organic Mass Spectrometry
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Author : J. R. Chapman
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 1995-09-28
Practical Organic Mass Spectrometry written by J. R. Chapman and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-09-28 with Science categories.
Practical Organic Mass Spectrometry Second Edition A Guide for Chemical and Biochemical Analysis J. R. Chapman Kratos Analytical Instruments, Manchester, UK This volume provides a comprehensive survey of current techniques for the use of mass spectrometry in organic chemical and biochemical analysis. Every aspect of modern instrumentation and technique is discussed. The new edition retains the effective division of material applied in the author's previous volume-theory, practical requirements and applications. However, it has been thoroughly revised and extended to include all recent advances in mass spectrometry, and is complete with extensive references. This is essentially a book for the practising mass spectroscopist which will appeal to both biochemists and organic chemists. Some familiarity with basic principles is assumed but the author has employed a style which makes this volume suitable for beginners and more advanced students alike. The present volume will be particularly valuable to anyone who wishes to evaluate and compare alternative techniques. Main Contents-Instrumentation; Sample Introduction; Chemical lonization (lon-Molecule Reactions); Negative lon Chemical lonization; The lonization of Labile Materials (Part I); The lonization of Labile Materials (Part II); Tandem Mass Spectrometry (The Dissociation of lons); Quantitative Analysis.
The Electron Capture Detector And The Study Of Reactions With Thermal Electrons
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Author : E. S. D. Chen
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2004-04-19
The Electron Capture Detector And The Study Of Reactions With Thermal Electrons written by E. S. D. Chen and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-04-19 with Science categories.
Broad in scope, this book describes the general theory and practice of using the Electron Capture Detector (ECD) to study reactions of thermal electrons with molecules. It reviews electron affinities and thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of atoms, small molecules, and large organic molecules obtained by using various methods. * Summarizes other methods for studying reactions of thermal electrons with molecules * Discusses applications in analytical chemistry, physical chemistry, and biochemistry * Provides a data table of electron affinities
Recent Developments In Mass Spectrometry In Biochemistry And Medicine
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Author : Alberto Frigerio
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Recent Developments In Mass Spectrometry In Biochemistry And Medicine written by Alberto Frigerio and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The Place of Mass Spectrometry in Drug Metabolism Studies.- In vitro and in Vivo Studies on the Metabolism of Dibenzo [c, f]--[1,2] Diazepine.- Gas Chromatographic-Mass Spectrometric Identification of Urinary Metabolites of Propildazine in Rat.- Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Sydnocarb ® and its Major Metabolites in Rat.- Metabolism of an Aryloxy Beta Blocking Drug.- Isolation and Identification of the Chloroform Soluble Urinary Metabolites of Suloctidil in Man.- Are Stable Sulfenic Acids Possible Metabolites of Suloctidil?.- The Electron Impact Fragmentation of Products Related to N-(A.
Electron Molecule Interactions And Their Applications
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Author : L. G. Christophorou
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Electron Molecule Interactions And Their Applications written by L. G. Christophorou and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Science categories.
Electron-Molecule Interactions and Their Applications, Volume 2 provides a balanced and comprehensive account of electron-molecule interactions in dilute and dense gases and liquid media. This book consists of six chapters. Chapter 1 deals with electron transfer reactions, while Chapter 2 discusses electron-molecular positive-ion recombination. The electron motion in high-pressure gases and electron-molecule interactions from single- to multiple-collision conditions is deliberated in Chapter 3. In Chapter 4, knowledge on electron-molecule interactions in gases is linked to that on similar processes in the liquid state. Selected examples on the translation of the results of basic research on electron-molecule interactions to application are reviewed in Chapter 5. The last chapter covers the electron affinity of molecules, atoms, and radicals. This volume is a good reference for students and researchers conducting work on the intricate ways electrons and molecules interact in their encounters.
Radiation Damage In Biomolecular Systems
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Author : Gustavo García Gómez-Tejedor
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-01-04
Radiation Damage In Biomolecular Systems written by Gustavo García Gómez-Tejedor and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-04 with Science categories.
Since the discovery of X-rays and radioactivity, ionizing radiations have been widely applied in medicine both for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The risks associated with radiation exposure and handling led to the parallel development of the field of radiation protection. Pioneering experiments done by Sanche and co-workers in 2000 showed that low-energy secondary electrons, which are abundantly generated along radiation tracks, are primarily responsible for radiation damage through successive interactions with the molecular constituents of the medium. Apart from ionizing processes, which are usually related to radiation damage, below the ionization level low-energy electrons can induce molecular fragmentation via dissociative processes such as internal excitation and electron attachment. This prompted collaborative projects between different research groups from European countries together with other specialists from Canada, the USA and Australia. This book summarizes the advances achieved by these research groups after more than ten years of studies on radiation damage in biomolecular systems. An extensive Part I deals with recent experimental and theoretical findings on radiation induced damage at the molecular level. It includes many contributions on electron and positron collisions with biologically relevant molecules. X-ray and ion interactions are also covered. Part II addresses different approaches to radiation damage modelling. In Part III biomedical aspects of radiation effects are treated on different scales. After the physics-oriented focus of the previous parts, there is a gradual transition to biology and medicine with the increasing size of the object studied. Finally, Part IV is dedicated to current trends and novel techniques in radiation reserach and the applications hence arising. It includes new developments in radiotherapy and related cancer therapies, as well as technical optimizations of accelerators and totally new equipment designs, giving a glimpse of the near future of radiation-based medical treatments.
Atomic And Molecular Beams
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Author : Roger Campargue
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Atomic And Molecular Beams written by Roger Campargue and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
This title covers the state of the art in this field both theoretically and experimentally. With contributions from leading researchers including several Nobel laureates, it represents a long-lasting source of reference on all aspects of fundamental research into or using atomic and molecular beams.
Progress In The Physics Of Clusters
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Author : V D Lakhno
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 1999-02-01
Progress In The Physics Of Clusters written by V D Lakhno and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-02-01 with Science categories.
The physics of clusters is a new and rapidly developing area. It is a frontier in the field of atomic and molecular physics, and condensed matter physics.One of the biggest concerns in the study of the physics of clusters is the methods of cluster measurements. The findings reported in this book on the methods of cluster measurements will lead to new avenues using nondestructive mass spectrometry and dipole mass isomers.Much attention is given to the physics and chemistry of fullerenes and nanotubes, including the problems surrounding the formation and growth of nanotubes, electron characteristics of fullerenes, the influence of solvents, simulation of the properties of carbon clusters, etc. Some unique experimental data on the conversion of aerosols into aerogels with the formation of fractal structures is provided. In addition, the book covers one of the most interesting subjects of modern physics — fractal clusters.Quantitative information on the thermodynamic properties of transition metal clusters, their binding energies to various ligands, and their reactions is obtained using a metal cluster guided ion beam mass spectrometer. Measurement of the thermodynamic stability of transition metal clusters is reported. The thermodynamic data given is unique, in that no comparable information has been obtained from any other method.Other topics of interest include atomic collision processes (including studies of electron attachment); oxidation; fundamental physical and chemical properties of clusters in the gas phase and in plasma (such as their geometrical and electron structure, magnetic, optical, chemical characteristics, etc.), and the wide range of their potential applications (including nucleation and growth of small particles such as aerosols, development of new materials with predetermined properties (cluster ensembles and nanophase materials), growing of thin films, cluster nanowire contacts, cluster lamps, dusty plasma, etc.
Inorganic Chemistry
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Author : Mark Weller
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2014
Inorganic Chemistry written by Mark Weller and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Science categories.
Leading the reader from the fundamental principles of inorganic chemistry, right through to cutting-edge research at the forefront of the subject, Inorganic Chemistry, Sixth Edition is the ideal course companion for the duration of a student's degree. The authors have drawn upon their extensive teaching and research experience in updating this established text; the sixth edition retains the much-praised clarity of style and layout from previous editions, while offering an enhanced Frontiers section. Exciting new applications of inorganic chemistry have been added to this section, in particular relating to materials chemistry and medicine. This edition also sees a greater use of learning features to provide students with all the support they need for their studies. Providing comprehensive coverage of inorganic chemistry, while placing it in context, this text will enable the reader to fully master this important subject. Online Resource Centre: For registered adopters of the text: · Figures, marginal structures, and tables of data ready to download · Test bank For students: · Answers to self-tests and exercises from the book · Videos of chemical reactions · Tables for group theory · Web links · Interactive structures and other resources on www.chemtube3D.com