The Relevance Of The Sedimentary History Of The Grand Conglomerat Formation Central Africa To The Interpretation Of The Climate During A Major Cryogenian Glacial Event
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The Relevance Of The Sedimentary History Of The Grand Conglomerat Formation Central Africa To The Interpretation Of The Climate During A Major Cryogenian Glacial Event
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Author : M. Wendorff
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
The Relevance Of The Sedimentary History Of The Grand Conglomerat Formation Central Africa To The Interpretation Of The Climate During A Major Cryogenian Glacial Event written by M. Wendorff and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
The Formation And Evolution Of Africa
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Author : Douwe J. J. van Hinsbergen
language : en
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Release Date : 2011
The Formation And Evolution Of Africa written by Douwe J. J. van Hinsbergen and has been published by Geological Society of London this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Africa categories.
The African continent preserves a long geological record that covers almost 75% of Earth's history. The Pan-African orogeny (c. 600-500 Ma) brought together old continental kernels (West Africa, Congo, Kalahari and Tanzania) to form Gondwana and subsequently the supercontinent Pangaea by the late Palaeozoic. The break-up of Pangaea since the Jurassic and Cretaceous, primarily through opening of the Central Atlantic, Indian, and South Atlantic oceans, in combination with the complicated subduction history to the north, gradually shaped the African continent. This volume contains 18 contributions that discuss the geology of Africa from the Archaean to the present day.
The Geological Record Of Neoproterozoic Glaciations
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Author : Emmanuelle Arnaud
language : en
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Release Date : 2011
The Geological Record Of Neoproterozoic Glaciations written by Emmanuelle Arnaud and has been published by Geological Society of London this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Geology, Stratigraphic categories.
In recent years, interest in Neoproterozoic glaciations has grown as their pivotal role in Earth system evolution has become increasingly clear. One of the main goals of the IGCP Project number 512 was to produce a synthesis of newly available information on Neoproterozoic successions worldwide. This Memoir consists of a series of overview chapters followed by site-specific chapters. The overviews cover key topics including the history of research on Neoproterozoic glaciations, identification of glacial deposits, chemostratigraphic techniques and datasets, palaeomagnetism, biostratigraphy, geochronology and climate modelling. The site specific chapters include reviews of the history of research on these rocks and up-to-date syntheses of the structural framework, tectonic setting, palaeomagnetic & geochronological constraints, physical, biological, and chemical stratigraphy, and descriptions of the glaciogenic and associated strata, including economic deposits.
Geology Of Southwest Gondwana
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Author : Siegfried Siegesmund
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-02-02
Geology Of Southwest Gondwana written by Siegfried Siegesmund and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-02 with Science categories.
This book focuses on the geological evolution of Southwest (SW) Gondwana and presents state-of-the-art insights into its evolution. It addresses the diachronic assembly of continental fragments derived from the break-up of the Rodinia supercontinent later amalgamated to build SW Gondwana during the Neoproterozoic–Cambrian transition, which on a global scale includes parts of present-day South America, Africa and Madagascar. The book presents 24 state-of-the-art reviews including the most crucial controversies. Most experienced scientists about the geology of SW Gondwana from Europe, Africa, South America and Australia present contributions on key areas addressing the interactions between the main cratons and fold belts on both sides of the South Atlantic Ocean. Chapters related to the geology of the major Archean- Paleoproterozoic cratons and Neoproterozoic Brasiliano/Pan-African fold belts enable readers to gain an in-depth understanding of the tectonometamorphic and magmatic evolution of SW Gondwana. The book covers a wide range of issues including metallogenetic, sedimentary, paleobiological and paleoclimatic processes and allows a deep insight into this key period of the Earth’s evolution.
Global Neoproterozoic Petroleum Systems
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Author : Jonathan Craig
language : en
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Release Date : 2009
Global Neoproterozoic Petroleum Systems written by Jonathan Craig and has been published by Geological Society of London this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Nature categories.
Worldwide, Neoproterozoic successions are major hydrocarbon producers. In North Africa, large basins with significant surface outcrops and thick sedimen-tary fills are widespread. These basins are now emerging as potential sources of hydrocarbons and are attracting interest both from geological researchers and the oil and gas industry. This volume focuses on recent developments in the understanding and correla-tion of North African basin fills and explores novel approaches to prospecting for source and reservoir rocks. The papers cover aspects of petroleum prospectivity and age-equivalent global petroleum systems, Neoproterozoic tectonics and pa-laeogeography, sequence stratigraphy, glacial events and global climatic models, faunal and floral evolution and the deposition of early source rocks. The broader aim is to compare with, and learn from, well-studied Neoproterozoic successions globally, including major environmental change, the emergence of life, the global carbon cycle and implications for hydrocarbon exploration.
Dynamics Of Tropical African Climate And Marine Sediment During Major Climate Transition
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Author : Olubunmi Eniola
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Dynamics Of Tropical African Climate And Marine Sediment During Major Climate Transition written by Olubunmi Eniola and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
This thesis presents the late Miocene/early Pliocene climate transition (7-5 Ma) as recorded in marine sediments from Ocean Drilling Programme (ODP) Site 959 in the equatorial Atlantic off tropical West Africa, and a reconstruction of changing Holocene environments of the Eastern Tropical Atlantic (CHEETA) based on surface and core sediments from a transect along the Portuguese and NW African margin. The late Miocene to early Pliocene climate transition had irreversible consequences for atmospheric and ocean circulation leading to global cooling, northern hemisphere glaciations and modern climate conditions. In this study, continental climate, vegetation change and surface ocean dynamics at millennial time scale resolution is investigated from U\7' alkenone derived SST, leaf wax lipids and organic carbon records (TaG). Despite low TOC "1 %) which was highly variable at cm-scale (-2.5-5 kyr) resolution, ubiquitous evidence from alkenones (C37:2 and C37:3) and leaf wax lipids indicate that the primary climate signal was preserved. The UK3y' based SST estimates (24.8-29°G) showed pronounced warm and cool cycles in the magnitude of 4°C. Elevated leaf wax lipids n-alkanes (Cn C29, and C31) correspond with cool SSTs and indicate a coupled relationship between upwelling and atmospheric ocean circulation patterns which intensified around 5.6 Ma arguing for wind driven deposition from terrestrial sources related to the position and strength of the ITCZ. The high amplitude cyclic patterns in the ODP Site 959 records were investigated by time frequency analyses. The common 41 kyr in all records supports a response to high latitude climate forcing. The 75 kyr variations and lead/lag observed in the leaf waxes and SST records during the late Miocene to early Pliocene are probably related to continental ice volume variations. The study on surface sediments from the Portuguese and NW African margins, confirm the presence of two soil-specific biomarkers, branched GDGTs (expressed as the BIT index) and bacteriohopanepolyols (BHPs), in this region of almost exclusive aeolian export. TOC exceeding 2% and 013Corg gradients from -22.5%0 off Portugal to - 19%0 off W Africa identify areas of upwelling off Cape Blanc and the transition from C3 to C4 vegetation habitats in Northern Africa, respectively. Despite low signals of the molecular records, slightly stronger response of soil-marker BHPs in the sediments is attributed to preferential erosion of the upper, (oxic) part of the soil column in central African source areas, the proposed source for soil BHPs. An alternative explanation is that in situ production of the branched GDGTs may be responsible for the low BIT index. As yet there is no evidence of the soil BHPs, adenosylhopane produced in situ in marine systems and aeolian transport of GDGTs is yet to been proven. More studies on dust samples from continental margins needs to be carried out to validate this transport mechanism of branched GDGTs and BHPs. A compilation of first bulk geochemical and molecular results from a selection of cores from the Portuguese and NW African margin within an integrated chronological framework document the variations in marine sedimentation and constrain regional variations in continental climate and terrigenous supply since the last glacial period. TOC accumulation records document millennial scale variability in response to the African Humid Period. Carbon isotope trends pronounced during the last glacial maximum support organic matter input from C4 type vegetation during colder glacial periods. Preliminary molecular isotopic records of n-alkanes identify gaps in this study that will need further investigation to assess and confirm vegetation sources and continental climatic conditions over Northwest Africa.
Geology And Resource Potential Of The Congo Basin
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Author : Maarten J. de Wit
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2015-01-02
Geology And Resource Potential Of The Congo Basin written by Maarten J. de Wit and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-02 with Science categories.
This book summarizes the geomorphology, geology, geochronology, geophysics and mineral resources of the Congo Basin, one of the world’s most enigmatic and poorly understood major intra-continental sedimentary basins, and its flanking areas of Central Africa. It provides an up to date analysis of the large region’s origin and evolution. The book’s nineteen chapters take the reader through the entire basement history, as well as the Basin’s ca. 700 million years of cover sequences. Starting from its Archean cratons and Proterozoic mobile belts, and proceeding through the Phanerozoic sequences, including the most recent Cenozoic successions, the book also explores the present drainage systems and the subtle but complex topography of the Congo Basin. It also presents and evaluates new basin models and related dynamic processes, as well as revised correlation schemes with its Gondwana counterparts in South America, all of which provide key insights into its rich diamond deposits and other mineral wealth, which are documented in the final chapters. A specific feature of this book is its synthesis, performed by teams of active experts, of a vast amount of geoscientific data previously only recorded in research reports, company reports, survey bulletins, and scattered journal articles and books. The sheer size of the Congo Basin (ca.1.8 million km2, or just under half the area of the EU) and Central Africa (some 7 million km2, or more than 70% of the area of the USA) will make this a sought-after source of information and inspiration on this unique region.
Physical Geology
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Author : Steven Earle
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016-08-12
Physical Geology written by Steven Earle and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-12 with categories.
This is a discount Black and white version. Some images may be unclear, please see BCCampus website for the digital version.This book was born out of a 2014 meeting of earth science educators representing most of the universities and colleges in British Columbia, and nurtured by a widely shared frustration that many students are not thriving in courses because textbooks have become too expensive for them to buy. But the real inspiration comes from a fascination for the spectacular geology of western Canada and the many decades that the author spent exploring this region along with colleagues, students, family, and friends. My goal has been to provide an accessible and comprehensive guide to the important topics of geology, richly illustrated with examples from western Canada. Although this text is intended to complement a typical first-year course in physical geology, its contents could be applied to numerous other related courses.
The Geology Of The Arab World An Overview
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Author : Abderrahmane Bendaoud
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-09-21
The Geology Of The Arab World An Overview written by Abderrahmane Bendaoud and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-21 with Science categories.
This book is the result of the work of the first international congress of the ArabGU (Arabian Geosciences Union) which took place in Algiers (Algeria) in February 2016. It presents research articles and review papers on geology of the North Africa and Arabian Middle East . It provides information to the public on various fields of earth sciences and encourages further research in this field in order to attract an international audience.
Coastal Landscapes Of South Australia
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Author : Robert P. Bourman
language : en
Publisher: University of Adelaide Press
Release Date : 2016-08-09
Coastal Landscapes Of South Australia written by Robert P. Bourman and has been published by University of Adelaide Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-09 with Science categories.
Geologically, the South Australian coast is very young, having evolved over only 1% of geological time, during the past 43 million years since the separation of Australia and Antarctica. It is also very dynamic, with the current shoreline position having been established from only 7000 years ago. The South Australian mainland coast is 3816 km long, with islands providing an additional 1251 km of coast, giving a total coastline of just over 5000 km. South Australian coastal landforms include cliffs, rocky outcrops and shore platforms, mangrove woodlands, mudflats, estuaries, extensive sandy beaches, coastal dunes and coastal barrier systems, as well as numerous near-shore reefs and islands. This book is a landmark study into the variable character of the South Australian coast and its long-term evolution.