The Report Of The Hamoodur Rehman Commission Of Inquiry Into The 1971 War As Declassified By The Government Of Pakistan
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The Report Of The Hamoodur Rehman Commission Of Inquiry Into The 1971 War As Declassified By The Government Of Pakistan
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Author : Pakistan. Hamoodur Rehman Commission of Inquiry into the 1971 War
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
The Report Of The Hamoodur Rehman Commission Of Inquiry Into The 1971 War As Declassified By The Government Of Pakistan written by Pakistan. Hamoodur Rehman Commission of Inquiry into the 1971 War and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Bangladesh categories.
Recounting The Memories Of Bangladesh S Liberation War
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Author : Smruti S. Pattanaik
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2024-02-08
Recounting The Memories Of Bangladesh S Liberation War written by Smruti S. Pattanaik and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-02-08 with History categories.
This book encapsulates the creation of Bangladesh with stories of some of those who made it happen —from the perspectives of people who fought for recognition of Bangla as one of the state languages of Pakistan, those who brought the stories of war to life as it progressed through the Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendro, operations by valiant military men, sacrifices of Birangonas (women of valour) whose contribution to the liberation of Bangladesh has often been neglected, martyrs who laid down their lives for the birth of the nation, and those who worked among the freedom fighters and refugees and kept their morale high. The emergence of Bangladesh in 1971 shaped both the nation and its narratives that revolved around partition of the subcontinent earlier in 1947. The history of Bangladesh was rewritten from the people’s perspective. The struggle of individuals and families who contributed to the liberation of Bangladesh is etched in blood and it is but natural that their perspectives would inform those interested in studying the history of liberation in a larger context. More than fifty years have passed since Bangladesh was liberated. Yet stories of individual suffering, sacrifices and contributions illustrate how people endured the repression inflicted by the Pakistan Army on them and yet fought gallantly. Three million were killed, 2 million were raped and 10 million became refugees in India. Bangladesh’s liberation war also represents the struggle of a people to preserve their culture and identity. This book captures all these and much more, bringing in reminiscences of what 1971 represented to those who contributed directly to the war of liberation. The book will be of interest to scholars and researchers of politics and international relations, partition studies, South Asian studies and refugee and diaspora studies. The chapters in this book were originally published in Strategic Analysis.
The Battle For Pakistan
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Author : Shuja Nawaz
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2020-04-10
The Battle For Pakistan written by Shuja Nawaz and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-10 with Political Science categories.
The Battle for Pakistan showcases a marriage of convenience between unequal partners. The relationship between Pakistan and the United States since the early 1950s has been nothing less than a whiplash-inducing rollercoaster ride. Today, surrounded by hostile neighbors, with Afghanistan increasingly under Indian influence, Pakistan does not wish to break ties with the United States. Nor does it want to become a vassal of China and get caught in the vice of a US-China rivalry, or in the Arab-Iran conflict. Internally, massive economic and demographic challenges as well as the existential threat of armed militancy pose huge obstacles to Pakistan's development and growth. Could its short-run political miscalculations in the Obama years prove too costly? Can the erratic Trump administration help salvage this relationship? Based on detailed interviews with key US and South Asian leaders, access to secret documents and operations, and the author’s personal relationships and deep knowledge of the region, this book untangles the complex web of the US-Pakistani relationship and identifies a clear path forward, showing how the United States can build better partnerships in troubled corners of the world.
Making Sense Of Pakistan
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Author : Farzana Shaikh
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018-11-08
Making Sense Of Pakistan written by Farzana Shaikh and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-08 with History categories.
Pakistan's transformation from supposed model of Muslim enlightenment to a state now threatened by an Islamist takeover has been remarkable. Many account for the change by pointing to Pakistan's controversial partnership with the United States since 9/11; others see it as a consequence of Pakistan's long history of authoritarian rule, which has marginalized liberal opinion and allowed the rise of a religious right. Farzana Shaikh argues the country's decline is rooted primarily in uncertainty about the meaning of Pakistan and the significance of 'being Pakistani'. This has pre-empted a consensus on the role of Islam in the public sphere and encouraged the spread of political Islam. It has also widened the gap between personal piety and public morality, corrupting the country's economic foundations and tearing apart its social fabric. More ominously still, it has given rise to a new and dangerous symbiosis between the country's powerful armed forces and Muslim extremists. Shaikh demonstrates how the ideology that constrained Indo-Muslim politics in the years leading to Partition in 1947 has left its mark, skillfully deploying insights from history to better understand Pakistan's troubled present.
1971
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Author : Srinath Raghavan
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2013-11-12
1971 written by Srinath Raghavan and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-12 with History categories.
The war of 1971 was the most significant geopolitical event in the Indian subcontinent since its partition in 1947. At one swoop, it led to the creation of Bangladesh, and it tilted the balance of power between India and Pakistan steeply in favor of India. The Line of Control in Kashmir, the nuclearization of India and Pakistan, the conflicts in Siachen Glacier and Kargil, the insurgency in Kashmir, the political travails of Bangladesh—all can be traced back to the intense nine months in 1971. Against the grain of received wisdom, Srinath Raghavan contends that far from being a predestined event, the creation of Bangladesh was the product of conjuncture and contingency, choice and chance. The breakup of Pakistan and the emergence of Bangladesh can be understood only in a wider international context of the period: decolonization, the Cold War, and incipient globalization. In a narrative populated by the likes of Nixon, Kissinger, Zhou Enlai, Indira Gandhi, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Tariq Ali, George Harrison, Ravi Shankar, and Bob Dylan, Raghavan vividly portrays the stellar international cast that shaped the origins and outcome of the Bangladesh crisis. This strikingly original history uses the example of 1971 to open a window to the nature of international humanitarian crises, their management, and their unintended outcomes.
Routledge Companion To Pakistani Anglophone Writing
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Author : Aroosa Kanwal
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-09-10
Routledge Companion To Pakistani Anglophone Writing written by Aroosa Kanwal and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-10 with Literary Criticism categories.
The Routledge Companion to Pakistani Anglophone Writing forms a theoretical, comprehensive, and critically astute overview of the history and future of Pakistani literature in English. Dealing with key issues for global society today, from terrorism, religious extremism, fundamentalism, corruption, and intolerance, to matters of love, hate, loss, belongingness, and identity conflicts, this Companion brings together over thirty essays by leading and emerging scholars, and presents: the transformations and continuities in Pakistani anglophone writing since its inauguration in 1947 to today; contestations and controversies that have not only informed creative writing but also subverted certain stereotypes in favour of a dynamic representation of Pakistani Muslim experiences; a case for a Pakistani canon through a critical perspective on how different writers and their works have, at different times, both consciously and unconsciously, helped to realise and extend a uniquely Pakistani idiom. Providing a comprehensive yet manageable introduction to cross-cultural relations and to historical, regional, local, and global contexts that are essential to reading Pakistani anglophone literature, The Routledge Companion to Pakistani Anglophone Writing is key reading for researchers and academics in Pakistani anglophone literature, history, and culture. It is also relevant to other disciplines such as terror studies, post-9/11 literature, gender studies, postcolonial studies, feminist studies, human rights, diaspora studies, space and mobility studies, religion, and contemporary South Asian literatures and cultures.
Fighting To The End
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Author : C. Christine Fair
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2014-04-25
Fighting To The End written by C. Christine Fair and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-25 with Political Science categories.
Since Pakistan was founded in 1947, its army has dominated the state. The military establishment has locked the country in an enduring rivalry with India, with the primary aim of wresting Kashmir from it. To that end, Pakistan initiated three wars over Kashmir-in 1947, 1965, and 1999-and failed to win any of them. Today, the army continues to prosecute this dangerous policy by employing non-state actors under the security of its ever-expanding nuclear umbrella. It has sustained a proxy war in Kashmir since 1989 using Islamist militants, as well as supporting non-Islamist insurgencies throughout India and a country-wide Islamist terror campaign that have brought the two countries to the brink of war on several occasions. In addition to these territorial revisionist goals, the Pakistani army has committed itself to resisting India's slow but inevitable rise on the global stage. Despite Pakistan's efforts to coerce India, it has achieved only modest successes at best. Even though India vivisected Pakistan in 1971, Pakistan continues to see itself as India's equal and demands the world do the same. The dangerous methods that the army uses to enforce this self-perception have brought international opprobrium upon Pakistan and its army. And in recent years, their erstwhile proxies have turned their guns on the Pakistani state itself. Why does the army persist in pursuing these revisionist policies that have come to imperil the very viability of the state itself, from which the army feeds? In Fighting to the End, C. Christine Fair argues that the answer lies, at least partially, in the strategic culture of the army. Through an unprecedented analysis of decades' worth of the army's own defense publications, she concludes that from the army's distorted view of history, it is victorious as long as it can resist India's purported drive for regional hegemony as well as the territorial status quo. Simply put, acquiescence means defeat. Fighting to the End convincingly shows that because the army is unlikely to abandon these preferences, Pakistan will remain a destabilizing force in world politics for the foreseeable future.
In The Land Of Buried Tongues
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Author : Chaity Das
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2017-06-29
In The Land Of Buried Tongues written by Chaity Das and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-29 with History categories.
The War of Liberation of Bangladesh in 1971 reopened the barely healed wounds of the Partition of 1947. A third nation was carved out leaving in its wake a trail of violent experiences and memories. Murder, rape, arson, plunder, custodial torture, refugees, and bombings inked the script of a fraternal war. The rise of military dictatorship and the execution of war criminals marked the war’s long afterlife. This book takes stock of the legacy of a war of liberation and its memorialization in literature, both fictional and testimonial. Chaity Das moves away from India- and Pakistan-centric descriptions of the war, focusing instead on the men and women who suffered in the war. Their ‘buried voices’ are brought to the fore with the help of war memoirs and testimonials, and untapped fictional and non-fictional accounts. In her depiction of the deeply gendered universe of war, the obscure borders between perpetrators and victims become visible. By analysing the works of Akhtaruzzaman Elias, Tahmima Anam, Intizar Husain, Kamila Shamsie, and Sorayya Khan, Das reveals the traumas of the past lying unburied under the nationalistic histories of victory and loss.
Routledge Handbook On South Asian Foreign Policy
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Author : Aparna Pande
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-08-30
Routledge Handbook On South Asian Foreign Policy written by Aparna Pande and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-30 with Social Science categories.
This handbook offers a comprehensive overview of South Asian foreign policy, examining the complex history and present state of South Asian foreign policy, the foreign policy of the countries of the region, as well as their relationships with their neighbors and key external players, such as China and the United States, in an effort to understand South Asia’s place in the world order. It illustrates the future trajectory of foreign policy in the region and analyses future of regional arrangements like SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) and BIMSTEC. The handbook is structured in five parts, each representing a focused area of enquiry: Foreign Policy Relations within South Asia Relations within Indo-Pacific Relations with China, Europe and the United States Security A carefully selected collection of 26 chapters written by experts on South Asian foreign, economic, and security policy, this handbook provides an objective yet accessible overview of the history and current state of foreign policy of each country and the region. It is an authoritative reference work for academics and students as well as international think tanks, research institutes, and non-governmental organizations working on South Asian Politics, Asian Politics, Foreign Politics, International Affairs, World History, and International Relations.
Hurt Sentiments
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Author : Neeti Nair
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2023-03-07
Hurt Sentiments written by Neeti Nair and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-03-07 with History categories.
Neeti Nair explores the trend toward legal protection for the religious “sentiments” of majorities in India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Nair offers historical context for contemporary persecution and rising religious fundamentalism, and highlights how growing political solicitation of religious sentiments has fueled a secular resistance.