The Role Of Religion In National Security Policy Since September 11 2001
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The Role Of Religion In National Security Policy Since September 11 2001
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Author : Jonathan Eberhardt Shaw
language : en
Publisher: Strategic Studies Institute
Release Date : 2011
The Role Of Religion In National Security Policy Since September 11 2001 written by Jonathan Eberhardt Shaw and has been published by Strategic Studies Institute this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The United States has struggled to find a framework to integrate religion into the post-September 11, 2001 (9/11) discussion of national security. Islam has been the central focus, with both the 9/11 terrorists and many of America's partners in overseas contingency operations sharing an Islamic heritage. President George W. Bush's paradigm of "Religion as Freedom" and President Barack H. Obama's paradigm of "Religion as Unity" have been partially successful, but they have yet to provide a nuanced understanding of Islam and a comprehensive framework. Part I of this Carlisle Paper examines the enduring role of religion in human conflict through the eyes of Alvin Toffler, Francis Fukuyama, Samuel Huntington, and Robert Kaplan. Part II provides an analysis of Islam to determine its power within current alignments, and addresses jihad and the level of support for terrorism. Part III examines the role of religion within the Bush and Obama administrations, and proposes a third paradigm--"Religion as Ideology"--In an attempt to relate a strategic vision which comprehends the power of Islam to a policy which accounts for religion in terms of empowered behavior. Part IV addresses practical questions regarding the implementation of the paradigm of "Religion as Ideology" and the way ahead.
The Role Of Religion In National Security Policy Since September 11 2001
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Author : Jonathan Eberhardt Shaw
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
The Role Of Religion In National Security Policy Since September 11 2001 written by Jonathan Eberhardt Shaw and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Islam categories.
The Role Of Religion In National Security Policy Since September 11 2011
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Author : Jonathan Shaw
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2012-06-18
The Role Of Religion In National Security Policy Since September 11 2011 written by Jonathan Shaw and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-18 with categories.
The United States has struggled to find a framework to integrate religion into the post-September 11, 2001 (9/11) discussion of national security. Islam has been the central focus, with both the 9/11 terrorists and many of America's partners in overseas contingency operations sharing an Islamic heritage. The struggle to locate that framework has taken the United States down a number of roads since the turn of the millennium, none of which has been totally satisfactory. President George W. Bush viewed freedom as a universal value, with religious freedom as the preeminent characteristic of free, robust societies. Neither has President Barack Obama's Religion as Unity framework solved the problem. President Obama has asserted a universal value regarding religion-that all religions are united by a moral law to care for one's fellowman. Current and projected U.S. national security challenges highlight the need to explore Islam's historical, theological, and political roots and traditions. Such an exploration suggests that the central issue for Islam is its universalization. One may identify six partially overlapping positions, or schools of thought, within Islam today, each of which attempts to address the problem of Islamic unity. These positions are found among both U.S. adversaries and partners in current overseas contingency operations. Islam today is far from monolithic. It is manifested in many forms, reflecting multiple perspectives on how the faith is to achieve its universalization, on what jihad means, and on when, if ever, terrorist tactics are justifiable in defense of Islam. Traditionalist conceptions of Islam maintain the continuing applicability of Shari'ah as state law, and the potentiality for jihad as warfare, with an average of over 20 percent of Muslims in Muslim-majority nations finding terrorist acts at times justifiable in defense of Islam. Liberal and post-modern reformists, on the other hand, generally condemn violent jihad and seek peaceful relations with the West. An accurate assessment of Islam as power will inform that grand strategy and strategic vision on which effective national security policy rests. A review of the national security policies of Presidents Bush and Obama demonstrates the incredible difficulty of bringing religion to bear within national security policy. To the alternative paradigms of Religion as Freedom and Religion as Unity, the author suggests a third, Religion as Ideology, arguing that it appears to offer the greatest utility. It calls for a strategic vision that comprehends the power of Islam, it enables a nuanced understanding of Islamic groups based on their behavior, it facilitates a diversified continuum of policy rewards and consequences based on that behavior, and it refrains from violating the American tradition of the Federal Government neither advocating for nor judging a religion.
Role Of Religion In National Security Policy Since September 11 2001
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Author : Jonathan E. Shaw
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Role Of Religion In National Security Policy Since September 11 2001 written by Jonathan E. Shaw and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
The Role Of Religion In National Security Policy Since 9 11
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Author : Jonathan E. Shaw
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
The Role Of Religion In National Security Policy Since 9 11 written by Jonathan E. Shaw and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Islam categories.
The United States has struggled to find a framework to integrate religion into the post-9/11 discussion of national security. Islam has been the central focus, with both the 9/11 terrorists and many of America's partners in overseas contingency operations sharing an Islamic heritage. President George W. Bush's paradigm of "Religion as Freedom" and President Barack H. Obama's paradigm of "Religion as Unity" have been partially successful, but they have failed to provide a nuanced understanding of Islam and a comprehensive framework. Part I of this study examines the enduring role of religion in human conflict through the eyes of Toffler, Fukuyama, Huntington, and Kaplan. Part II provides an analysis of Islam to determine its power within current alignments, and addresses jihad and the level of support for terrorism. Part III examines the role of religion within the Bush and Obama administrations, and proposes a third paradigm-- "Religion as Ideology"--In an attempt to relate a strategic vision which comprehends the power of Islam to a policy which accounts for religion in terms of empowered behavior. Part IV addresses practical questions regarding the implementation of the paradigm of "Religion as Ideology" and the way ahead.
The Fbi And Religion
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Author : Sylvester A. Johnson
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2017-02-07
The Fbi And Religion written by Sylvester A. Johnson and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-07 with Religion categories.
The Federal Bureau of Investigation has had a long and tortuous relationship with religion over almost the entirety of its existence. As early as 1917, the Bureau began to target religious communities and groups it believed were hotbeds of anti-American politics. Whether these religious communities were pacifist groups that opposed American wars, or religious groups that advocated for white supremacy or direct conflict with the FBI, the Bureau has infiltrated and surveilled religious communities that run the gamut of American religious life. The FBI and Religion recounts this fraught and fascinating history, focusing on key moments in the Bureau’s history. Starting from the beginnings of the FBI before World War I, moving through the Civil Rights Movement and the Cold War, up to 9/11 and today, this book tackles questions essential to understanding not only the history of law enforcement and religion, but also the future of religious liberty in America.
The Long Shadow Of 9 11
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Author : Brian Michael Jenkins
language : en
Publisher: Rand Corporation
Release Date : 2011
The Long Shadow Of 9 11 written by Brian Michael Jenkins and has been published by Rand Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with History categories.
This book provides a multifaceted array of answers to the question, In the ten years since the 9/11 terrorist attacks, how has America responded? In a series of essays, RAND authors lend a farsighted perspective to the national dialogue on 9/11's legacy. The essays assess the military, political, fiscal, social, cultural, psychological, and even moral implications of U.S. policymaking since 9/11. Part One of the book addresses the lessons learned from America's accomplishments and mistakes in its responses to the 9/11 attacks and the ongoing terrorist threat. Part Two explores reactions to the extreme ideologies of the terrorists and to the fears they have generated. Part Three presents the dilemmas of asymmetrical warfare and suggests ways to resolve them. Part Four cautions against sacrificing a long-term strategy by imposing short-term solutions, particularly with respect to air passenger security and counterterrorism intelligence. Finally, Part Five looks at the effects of the terrorist attacks on the U.S. public health system, at the potential role of compensation policy for losses incurred by terrorism, and at the possible long-term effects of terrorism and counterterrorism on American values, laws, and society.--Publisher description.
Securitization Of Islam A Vicious Circle
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Author : Kathrin Lenz-Raymann
language : en
Publisher: transcript Verlag
Release Date : 2014-12-31
Securitization Of Islam A Vicious Circle written by Kathrin Lenz-Raymann and has been published by transcript Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-31 with Political Science categories.
Diverse Islamic groups have triggered a »revival of Islam« in Central Asia in the last decades. As a result, there has been a general securitization of Islam by the governments: not only do they combat the terrorist Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan but also outlaw popular groups such as the Gülen movement. However, strong repression of religion might lead to radicalization. Kathrin Lenz-Raymann tests this hypothesis with an agent-based computer simulation and enriches her study with interviews with international experts, leaders of political Islam and representatives of folk Islam. She concludes that ensuring religious rights is essential for national security.
The Image Of The Enemy
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Author : Paul Maddrell
language : en
Publisher: Georgetown University Press
Release Date : 2015-09-15
The Image Of The Enemy written by Paul Maddrell and has been published by Georgetown University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-15 with Political Science categories.
Intelligence agencies spend huge sums of money to collect and analyze vast quantities of national security data for their political leaders. How well is this intelligence analyzed, how often is it acted on by policymakers, and does it have a positive or negative effect on decision making? Drawing on declassified documents, interviews with intelligence veterans and policymakers, and other sources, The Image of the Enemy breaks new ground as it examines how seven countries analyzed and used intelligence to shape their understanding of their main adversary. The cases in the book include the Soviet Union's analysis of the United States (and vice versa), East Germany's analysis of West Germany (and vice versa), British intelligence in the early years of the Troubles in Northern Ireland, Israeli intelligence about the Palestinians, Pakistani intelligence on India, and US intelligence about Islamist terrorists. These rivalries provide rich case studies for scholars and offer today’s analysts and policymakers the opportunity to closely evaluate past successes and failures in intelligence analysis and the best ways to give information support to policymakers. Using these lessons from the past, they can move forward to improve analysis of current adversaries and future threats.
The Routledge Handbook Of Religion And Security
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Author : Chris Seiple
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2012-10-12
The Routledge Handbook Of Religion And Security written by Chris Seiple and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-12 with Religion categories.
This Handbook breaks new ground by addressing global security through the lens of religion and examining the role religion plays in both war and peace. In recent years there has been a considerable upsurge of public concern about the role of religion in contemporary violence. However, other than historical materials, there has been a relative neglect of the subject of religion and security. The Routledge Handbook of Religion and Security fills this gap in the literature by providing an interdisciplinary, comprehensive volume that helps non-specialists and experts alike understand how religion is both part of the problem and part of the solution to security challenges. Featuring contributions from many of the key thinkers in the field, the Handbook is organized into thematic sections, reflective of three basic questions: What does religion think of security?; What does security think of religion?; and, What happens when the two are mixed in specific real-world cases of religious conflict? This Handbook offers analyses of how nine different world religions have related to issues of war and peace, theologically and practically; overviews of how scholars and practitioners in nine different topical areas of security studies have (or have not) dealt with the relationship between religion and security; and five case studies of particular countries in which the religion--security nexus is vividly illustrated: Nigeria, India, Israel, the former Yugoslavia and Iraq. This Handbook will be of great interest to students of religion, security studies, war and conflict studies and IR in general.