The Solar Wind
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Basics Of The Solar Wind
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Author : Nicole Meyer-Vernet
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2007-01-18
Basics Of The Solar Wind written by Nicole Meyer-Vernet and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-18 with Science categories.
The Sun continually ejects matter into space, blowing a huge bubble of supersonic plasma. This solar wind bathes the whole solar system and shapes all planetary environments. The growth of space technology has considerably increased our knowledge of this medium. This 2007 book presents an introduction to the subject, starting with basic principles and including all the latest advances from space exploration and theory. It contains a short introduction to plasma physics and discusses the structure of the solar interior and atmosphere, the production of solar wind and its perturbations. It explains the objects of the Solar System, from dust to comets and planets, and their interaction with the solar wind. The final sections explore the astrophysical point of view. The topics are treated at various levels of difficulty both qualitatively and quantitatively. This book will appeal to graduate students and researchers in earth and atmospheric sciences, and astrophysics.
The Solar Wind
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Author : J. R. Herring
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1960
The Solar Wind written by J. R. Herring and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1960 with Solar wind categories.
"Parker's model of a spherically expanding corona, the "solar wind," is compared with D.E. Blackwell's observations of the 1954 minimum equatorial corona. A significant discrepancy is found between the predicted and the observed electron densities at distances from the sun greater than 20 solar radii. Blackwell's data are found to be consistent with a model in which the corona expands mostly within a disk less than 25 solar radii thick, lying within the sun's equatorial plane. The thickness of the disk as a function of distance from the sun is qualitatively explained in terms of magnetic pressure. The solar wind is found to have a considerable effect on the lunar atmosphere. First, the calculated density of the lunar atmosphere is greatly reduced by collisions with protons in the solar wind. If the flux of particles in this wind has the conventional values ranging between 10(exp 10) to 10(exp 11) per sq cm-sec, the calculations yield a lunar pressure of 10(exp -13) atmosphere of argon, in agreement with the value predicted by Elsmore and Whitfield on the basis of observations on the occultation of radio stars. Second, following a suggestion by Gold, it was found that the collisions of solar-wind protons with the lunar surface produce an atmosphere of cold neutral hydrogen with a density of 10(exp 5) per cu cm at the lunar surface. The density falls off at greater distances in accordance with the inverse-square law. Estimates indicate that the interaction of solar particles with the neutral hydrogen will produce an extended lunar ionosphere with a density of the order of 400 protons/cu cm in the vicinity of the moon."
Exploring The Solar Wind
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Author : Marian Lazar
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2012-03-21
Exploring The Solar Wind written by Marian Lazar and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-21 with Science categories.
This book consists of a selection of original papers of the leading scientists in the fields of Space and Planetary Physics, Solar and Space Plasma Physics with important contributions to the theory, modeling and experimental techniques of the solar wind exploration. Its purpose is to provide the means for interested readers to become familiar with the current knowledge of the solar wind formation and elemental composition, the interplanetary dynamical evolution and acceleration of the charged plasma particles, and the guiding magnetic field that connects to the magnetospheric field lines and adjusts the effects of the solar wind on Earth. I am convinced that most of the research scientists actively working in these fields will find in this book many new and interesting ideas.
The Solar Wind
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Author : Eric Tsang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
The Solar Wind written by Eric Tsang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with categories.
The Sun The Solar Wind And The Heliosphere
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Author : Mari Paz Miralles
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-01-06
The Sun The Solar Wind And The Heliosphere written by Mari Paz Miralles and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-01-06 with Science categories.
This volume represents the state of the art of the science covered by the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA) Division IV: Solar Wind and Interplanetary Field. It contains a collection of contributions by top experts addressing and reviewing a variety of topics included under the umbrella of the division. It covers subjects that extend from the interior of the Sun to the heliopause, and from the study of physical processes in the Sun and the solar wind plasma to space weather forecasts. The book is organized in 6 parts: the solar interior, the solar atmosphere, the heliosphere, heliophysical processes, radio emissions, and coordinated science in the Sun-Earth system. In addition, we highlight some of the results presented during the IAGA Division IV symposia in the 11th Scientific Assembly of IAGA in Sopron, Hungary, on 23-30 August 2009, which was planned simultaneously with this book.
The Solar Wind And The Earth
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Author : Syun-Ichi Akasofu
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1987-08-31
The Solar Wind And The Earth written by Syun-Ichi Akasofu and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987-08-31 with Science categories.
As a star, the sun is continuously emitting an enormous amount of energy 33 into space, up to as much as 3. 9 X 10 erg/ s. This energy emission consists of three modes. Almost all the energy is emitted in the form of the familiar black-body radiation, commonly called sunlight. Although the amount of energy emitted is small, the sun also emits x rays, extreme ultraviolet (EUV), and UV radiations, which are absorbed above the earth's stratosphere. These constitute the second mode of solar energy, separate from the black-body radiation that penetrates the lower layers of the atmosphere. The sun has another important mode of energy emission in which the energy is carried out by charged particles. These particles have a very wide range of energies, from less than I keY to more than I GeV. Because of this wide range, it is convenient to group them into two components: particles with energies greater than 10 keY and the lower-energy particles. The former are generally referred to as solar protons or solar cosmic rays; their emission is associated with active features on the sun. Their interaction with the atmosphere is similar to that of the x ray and EUV radiation. Low-energy particles constitute plasma, a gas of equal numbers of positive and negative particles. Actually, this plasma is the outermost part of the solar atmosphere, namely the corona, which blows out continuously . For this reason, the plasma flow is called the solar wind.
Fast Solar Wind Driven By Parametric Decay Instability And Alfv N Wave Turbulence
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Author : Munehito Shoda
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-04-13
Fast Solar Wind Driven By Parametric Decay Instability And Alfv N Wave Turbulence written by Munehito Shoda and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-13 with Science categories.
This book discusses key theoretical aspects concerning the formation of the solar wind: the most essential building block in the heliosphere, in which planets orbit. To understand the influence of solar activity on planetary magnetospheres and atmospheres, we need to first understand the origin of the solar wind, which is still under debate. This book presents the outcomes of state-of-the-art numerical simulations of solar wind acceleration, including the first three-dimensional simulation of the turbulence-driven solar wind model. One of the book’s goals is to include compressional effects in the dynamics of solar wind turbulence; accordingly, it discusses parametric decay instability in detail. Several key aspects that are relevant to the Parker Solar Probe observations are also discussed. Given its scope, the book plays a key role in bridging the gap between the theory of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence and current/future in-situ observations of the solar wind. This book is based on the Ph.D. thesis by the author, which won the 2019 International Astronomical Union Division E Ph.D. prize.
Handbook On Solar Wind
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Author : Hans E. Johannson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Handbook On Solar Wind written by Hans E. Johannson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Climatic changes categories.
The solar wind is a stream of charged particles -- a plasma -- ejected from the upper atmosphere of the sun. It consists mostly of electrons and protons with energies of about 1 keV. These particles are able to escape the sun's gravity, in part because of the high temperature of the corona, but also because of high kinetic energy that particles gain through a process that is not well-understood at this time. The solar wind creates the Heliosphere, a vast bubble in the interstellar medium surrounding the solar system. Other phenomena include geomagnetic storms that can knock out power grids on Earth, the aurorae such as the Northern Lights, and the plasma tails of comets that always point away from the sun. This book presents the latest research in the world on this topic.
Solar Wind Acceleration
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Author : Yuri V. Pisanko
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2022-03-14
Solar Wind Acceleration written by Yuri V. Pisanko and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-14 with Education categories.
In addition to sunshine, the Sun emits about one trillion tons of ionized hydrogen per second into the interplanetary space, a phenomenon known as solar wind. This book systematizes the knowledge of the solar wind acceleration region, which is, figuratively speaking, the space weather “kitchen” similar to the Mexican gulf (where the Gulf Stream originates). The processing of unique scientific information about the solar wind at heliocentric distances up to three solar radii obtained from receiving antennas directed almost to the Sun (a challenging technical task itself) during telecommunication sessions with “Mars-2”, “Mars-4”, “Venera-10”, “Venera-15”, and “Venera-16” spacecraft, along with original approaches for modelling the solar wind acceleration region, underlie the factual basis for the book.
Turbulence In The Solar Wind
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Author : Roberto Bruno
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-10-07
Turbulence In The Solar Wind written by Roberto Bruno and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-07 with Science categories.
This book provides an overview of solar wind turbulence from both the theoretical and observational perspective. It argues that the interplanetary medium offers the best opportunity to directly study turbulent fluctuations in collisionless plasmas. In fact, during expansion, the solar wind evolves towards a state characterized by large-amplitude fluctuations in all observed parameters, which resembles, at least at large scales, the well-known hydrodynamic turbulence. This text starts with historical references to past observations and experiments on turbulent flows. It then introduces the Navier-Stokes equations for a magnetized plasma whose low-frequency turbulence evolution is described within the framework of the MHD approximation. It also considers the scaling of plasma and magnetic field fluctuations and the study of nonlinear energy cascades within the same framework. It reports observations of turbulence in the ecliptic and at high latitude, treating Alfvénic and compressive fluctuations separately in order to explain the transport of mass, momentum and energy during the expansion. Further, existing models are compared with direct observations in the heliosphere. The problem of self-similar and anomalous fluctuations in the solar wind is then addressed using tools provided by dynamical system theory and discussed on the basis of available models and observations. The book highlights observations of Yaglom’s law in solar wind turbulence, which is one of the most important findings in fully developed turbulence and directly related to the long-lasting and still unsolved problem of solar wind plasma heating. Lastly, it includes a short chapter dedicated to the kinetic range of fluctuations, which has recently been receiving more attention from the space plasma community, since this is inherently related to turbulent energy dissipation and consequent plasma heating. It particularly focuses on the nature and role of the fluctuations populating this frequency range, and discusses several model predictions and recent observational findings in this context.