The Treeline
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Above The Treeline
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Author : Alan Francis Mark
language : en
Publisher: Craig Potton Publishing
Release Date : 2012
Above The Treeline written by Alan Francis Mark and has been published by Craig Potton Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Mountain animals categories.
New Zealand's alpine environment is challenging, not only for the humans who explore it but for the plants and animals that inhabit it. The extremes of temperature, short summers and high rates of erosion make for an uncertain environment, and the flora and fauna have evolved and adapted to it in interesting ways. Above the Treeline: A nature guide to the New Zealand mountains is a guide to the natural history of these fascinating ecosystems. It is the first book to be published that brings together the range of flora and fauna that inhabit the alpine environment. As well as our unique alpine plants, which constitute the majority of the book, this guide includes birds; frogs and lizards; butterflies, moths, grasshoppers, beetles and other invertebrates; and mosses and lichens. An informative introduction is followed by descriptions of more than 850 species, illustrated by approximately 1000 colour photographs. Written by eminent botanist and conservationist Sir Alan Mark, . . .
Alpine Treelines
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Author : Christian Körner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-05-26
Alpine Treelines written by Christian Körner and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-26 with Science categories.
Alpine treelines mark the low-temperature limit of tree growth and occur in mountains world-wide. Presenting a companion to his book Alpine Plant Life, Christian Körner provides a global synthesis of the treeline phenomenon from sub-arctic to equatorial latitudes and a functional explanation based on the biology of trees. The comprehensive text approaches the subject in a multi-disciplinary way by exploring forest patterns at the edge of tree life, tree morphology, anatomy, climatology and, based on this, modelling treeline position, describing reproduction and population processes, development, phenology, evolutionary aspects, as well as summarizing evidence on the physiology of carbon, water and nutrient relations, and stress physiology. It closes with an account on treelines in the past (palaeo-ecology) and a section on global change effects on treelines, now and in the future. With more than 100 illustrations, many of them in colour, the book shows alpine treelines from around the globe and offers a wealth of scientific information in the form of diagrams and tables.
Encyclopedia Of The World S Biomes
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2020-06-26
Encyclopedia Of The World S Biomes written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-26 with Science categories.
Encyclopedia of the World’s Biomes is a unique, five volume reference that provides a global synthesis of biomes, including the latest science. All of the book's chapters follow a common thematic order that spans biodiversity importance, principal anthropogenic stressors and trends, changing climatic conditions, and conservation strategies for maintaining biomes in an increasingly human-dominated world. This work is a one-stop shop that gives users access to up-to-date, informative articles that go deeper in content than any currently available publication. Offers students and researchers a one-stop shop for information currently only available in scattered or non-technical sources Authored and edited by top scientists in the field Concisely written to guide the reader though the topic Includes meaningful illustrations and suggests further reading for those needing more specific information
The Changing Alpine Treeline
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Author : David R. Butler
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2009-03-13
The Changing Alpine Treeline written by David R. Butler and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-03-13 with Science categories.
The alpine treeline ecotone (ATE) is an area of transition high on mountains where closed canopy forests from lower elevations give way to the open alpine tundra and rocky expanses above. Alpine tundra is an island biome and its ecotone with forest is subject to change, and like oceanic islands, alpine tundra is subject to invasion – or the upward advance of treeline. The invasion of tundra by trees will have consequences for the tundra biome as invasion does for other island flora and fauna. To examine the invasibility of tundra we take a plant's-eye-view, wherein the local conditions become extremely important. Among these local conditions, we find geomorphology to be exceptionally important. We concentrate on aspects of microtopography (and microgeomorphology) and microclimate because these are the factors that matter: from the plant's-eye-view, but we pay attention to multiple scales. At coarse scales, snow avalanches and debris flows are widespread and create "disturbance treelines whose elevation is well below those controlled by climate. At medium scales, turf-banked terraces create tread-and-riser topography that is a difficult landscape for a tree seedling to survive upon because of exposure to wind, dryness, and impenetrable surfaces. At fine scales, turf exfoliation of the fronts of turf-banked risers, and boulders, offer microsites where tree seedlings may find shelter and are able to gain a foothold in the alpine tundra; conversely, however, surfaces of needle-ice pans and frost heaving associated with miniature patterned ground production are associated with sites inimical to seedling establishment or survival. We explicitly consider how local scale processes propagate across scales into landscape patterns. The objective of this book is to examine the controls on change at alpine treeline. All the papers are focused on work done in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA. Although any one place is limiting, we are able to examine the alpine treeline here in some detail – and an advantage is that the treeline ecotone in Glacier National Park is quite variable in itself due to the underlying variability in geomorphology at multiple scales. This book will provide insights into an important ecological phenomenon with a distinctly geomorphic perspective. The editors collectively have over 100 years of experience in working in geomorphology, biogeography, and ecology. They also have each worked on research in Glacier National Park for several decades. The book will be a reference for a variety of professionals and students, both graduate and undergraduate, with interests in Physical Geography, Geomorphology, Ecology, and Environmental Science. Because of the importance of the alpine treeline ecotone for recreation and aesthetic interests in mountain environments, wildland and park managers will also use this book.* Subject matter: geomorphology at alpine treeline* Expertise of contributors: each editor brings over 25 years of experience in studies of ecotones and geomorphology, and collectively over 100 years of experience in Glacier National Park* Changing alpine treeline examines climate change
Alpine And Polar Treelines In A Changing Environment
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Author : Gerhard Wieser
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2020-04-09
Alpine And Polar Treelines In A Changing Environment written by Gerhard Wieser and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-09 with Science categories.
Concerns have been raised with respect to the state of high-altitude and high-latitude treelines, as they are anticipated to undergo considerable modifications due to global changes, and especially due to climate warming. As high-elevation treelines are temperature-limited vegetation boundaries, they are considered to be sensitive to climate warming. As a consequence, in this future, warmer environment, an upward migration of treelines is expected because low air and root-zone temperatures constrain their regeneration and growth. Despite the ubiquity of climate warming, treeline advancement is not a worldwide phenomenon: some treelines have been advancing rapidly, others have responded sluggishly or have remained stable. This variation in responses is attributed to the potential interaction of a continuum of site-related factors that may lead to the occurrence of locally conditioned temperature patterns. Competition amongst species and below-ground resources have been suggested as additional factors explaining the variability in the movement of treelines. This Special Issue (book) is dedicated to the discussion of treeline responses to changing environmental conditions in different areas around the globe.
Tree Line Movements
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Author : Glen Earthsong
language : en
Publisher: Publifye AS
Release Date : 2025-04-22
Tree Line Movements written by Glen Earthsong and has been published by Publifye AS this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-04-22 with Science categories.
Tree Line Movements explores the intersection of earth sciences, geography, and ecology within the unique environments of treeline ecosystems. It examines how strategic considerations, such as concealment and navigational efficiency, are shaped by environmental realities in these mountain regions. Intriguingly, the book reveals how wind dynamics at treelines can significantly impact navigation and weather prediction, vital for strategic planning. The book also highlights the sensitivity of treelines to climate change, emphasizing the need to understand these ecosystems for effective land management and climate change adaptation. The book uniquely bridges operational strategies with the ecological and geographical aspects of treeline environments. It progresses from foundational concepts of ecology and geography, such as the impact of elevation and species composition, to advanced topics in operational and strategic mountain planning. The second section of the book then details how these natural elements affect tactical and strategic high-altitude operational effectiveness. It analyzes how treeline vegetation can be used for creating cover, screening movement, and establishing defensive positions. By drawing on geographic surveys, meteorological data, and ecological studies, the book provides a comprehensive analysis suitable for military planners, geographers, conservationists, and anyone interested in the challenges of operating in harsh mountain conditions. It emphasizes practical applications, offering guidelines and case studies while maintaining academic rigor and accessibility.
Mountain Ecosystems
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Author : Gabriele Broll
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2005-02-18
Mountain Ecosystems written by Gabriele Broll and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-02-18 with Nature categories.
This volume focuses on interaction between vegetation, relief, climate, soil and fauna in the treeline ecotone, and the effects of climate change and land use in North America and Europe.
City Of Thorns
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Author : Ben Rawlence
language : en
Publisher: Portobello Books
Release Date : 2016-02-04
City Of Thorns written by Ben Rawlence and has been published by Portobello Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-04 with Literary Collections categories.
To the charity workers, Dadaab refugee camp is a humanitarian crisis; to the Kenyan government, it is a 'nursery for terrorists'; to the western media, it is a dangerous no-go area; but to its half a million residents, it is their last resort. Situated hundreds of miles from any other settlement, deep within the inhospitable desert of northern Kenya where only thorn bushes grow, Dadaab is a city like no other. Its buildings are made from mud, sticks or plastic, its entire economy is grey, and its citizens survive on rations and luck. Over the course of four years, Ben Rawlence became a first-hand witness to a strange and desperate limbo-land, getting to know many of those who have come there seeking sanctuary. Among them are Guled, a former child soldier who lives for football; Nisho, who scrapes an existence by pushing a wheelbarrow and dreaming of riches; Tawane, the indomitable youth leader; and schoolgirl Kheyro, whose future hangs upon her education. In City of Thorns, Rawlence interweaves the stories of nine individuals to show what life is like in the camp and to sketch the wider political forces that keep the refugees trapped there. Lucid, vivid and illuminating, here is an urgent human story with deep international repercussions, brought to life through the people who call Dadaab home.
Encyclopedia Of The Arctic
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Author : Mark Nuttall
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2005-09-23
Encyclopedia Of The Arctic written by Mark Nuttall and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-09-23 with Reference categories.
With detailed essays on the Arctic's environment, wildlife, climate, history, exploration, resources, economics, politics, indigenous cultures and languages, conservation initiatives and more, this Encyclopedia is the only major work and comprehensive reference on this vast, complex, changing, and increasingly important part of the globe. Including 305 maps. This Encyclopedia is not only an interdisciplinary work of reference for all those involved in teaching or researching Arctic issues, but a fascinating and comprehensive resource for residents of the Arctic, and all those concerned with global environmental issues, sustainability, science, and human interactions with the environment.
Alpine Plant Life
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Author : Christian Körner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-03-31
Alpine Plant Life written by Christian Körner and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-31 with Science categories.
This book is a completely revised, substantially extended treatment of the physical and biological factors that drive life in high mountains. The book covers the characteristics of alpine plant life, alpine climate and soils, life under snow, stress tolerance, treeline ecology, plant water, carbon, and nutrient relations, plant growth and productivity, developmental processes, and two largely novel chapters on alpine plant reproduction and global change biology. The book explains why the topography driven exposure of plants to dramatic micro-climatic gradients over very short distances causes alpine biodiversity to be particularly robust against climatic change. Geographically, this book draws on examples from all parts of the world, including the tropics. This book is complemented with novel evidence and insight that emerged over the last 17 years of alpine plant research. The number of figures – mostly in color – nearly doubled, with many photographs providing a vivid impression of alpine plant life worldwide. Christian Körner was born in 1949 in Austria, received his academic education at the University of Innsbruck, and was full professor of Botany at the University of Basel from 1989 to 2014. As emeritus Professor he is continuing alpine plant research in the Swiss Alps.