The Western Christian Presence In The Russias And Q J R Persia C 1760 C 1870
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Transportation Technology In Iran 1800 1940 Chapar Carts Carriages Automobiles Bicycles Motor Cycles Lodgings Sewing Machines Typewriters Pianos
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Author : Willem Floor
language : en
Publisher: Mage Publishers
Release Date : 2023-08-21
Transportation Technology In Iran 1800 1940 Chapar Carts Carriages Automobiles Bicycles Motor Cycles Lodgings Sewing Machines Typewriters Pianos written by Willem Floor and has been published by Mage Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-21 with History categories.
Only 100 years ago the main means of transportation in Iran was by quadruped. Transportation & Technology in Iran, 1800-1940, by renowned Iranian studies scholar Willem Floor is an in-depth, illustrated, four-part study of the subject. Until the 1920s Iran had no more than 700 kilometers of roads suitable for motor vehicles, which situation greatly impeded Iran's economic development. Caravans traveled 40 km/day, though travelers in a hurry could cover 150 km/day when using the courier system (chapar), which is the subject of part 1. Wheeled transportation, (in part 2 of the books) was rare and limited to only a few parts of country due to the lack of roads. This situation underwent change when carriages became popular in urban areas and on the few modern roads after 1890. Motorized transportation grew in importance after 1921 and really took off in the 1930s, with the construction of a new road network. As a result, newer, more powerful trucks reduced the cost of transportation significantly, thus lowering the cost of retail goods. The increase of motorized transport also meant that car dealers, import rules, mechanics, garages, supply of spare parts, and gasoline distribution as well as traffic regulations had to be created ex nihilo; All these processes are detailed in the book. Like cars, bicycles and motorcycles also were increasingly used as of the 1920s, thus increasing choice in people's mobility. More road traffic also implied that travelers needed places to spend the night and eat. The change from caravanserais to guest-houses and hotels is discussed in part 3. These changes in transportation methods did not come alone, for other modern tools of change such as the sewing machine and the typewriter also made their appearance and had a major impact on people's availability and use of time. Finally, the piano made its entry onto the Iranian musical scene, and although not perfectly in tune with the traditional Iranian musical system, it is now as much part of music making in Iran as the tar and santur (part 4 of the book). All these changes and new technologies did not happen overnight or without problems, and slow adoption initially was limited to the upper-class. However, with falling prices and changing needs and policies these new technologies eventually reached a larger public and the idea that they once were 'exotic' and 'out of reach' is now inconceivable to Iranians. The studies in this book provide a new vantage point and understanding of the transfer of modern technology for scholars of the social-economic and cultural history of the Middle East.
The Founders Of Seismology
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Author : Charles Davison
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2014-04-03
The Founders Of Seismology written by Charles Davison and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-03 with Nature categories.
This book, first published in 1927, provides a historical study regarding the origins of seismology and the key figures in its development.
A History Of British Earthquakes
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Author : Charles Davison
language : en
Publisher: CUP Archive
Release Date : 1924
A History Of British Earthquakes written by Charles Davison and has been published by CUP Archive this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1924 with Earthquakes categories.
The Music Of The Jews In The Diaspora Up To 1800
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Author : Alfred Sendrey
language : en
Publisher: New York : T. Yoseloff
Release Date : 1971
The Music Of The Jews In The Diaspora Up To 1800 written by Alfred Sendrey and has been published by New York : T. Yoseloff this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1971 with History categories.
The Western Christian Presence In The Caucasus And Qa Ja R Persia 1802 70
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Author : T. S. R. O'Flynn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
The Western Christian Presence In The Caucasus And Qa Ja R Persia 1802 70 written by T. S. R. O'Flynn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.
The Western Christian Presence In The Caucasus And Q J R Persia 1802 70
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Author : Thomas S. Flynn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
The Western Christian Presence In The Caucasus And Q J R Persia 1802 70 written by Thomas S. Flynn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Europe, Western categories.
The Western Christian Presence In The Caucasus And Q Aj Ar Persia 1802 70
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Author : T. S. R. O'Flynn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
The Western Christian Presence In The Caucasus And Q Aj Ar Persia 1802 70 written by T. S. R. O'Flynn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.
Christians In Persia Rle Iran C
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Author : Robin Waterfield
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2012-04-27
Christians In Persia Rle Iran C written by Robin Waterfield and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-27 with Social Science categories.
When it was originally published this book broke new ground in presenting one continuous narrative of the history of Christians in Persia from the second century A.D to the 1970s. The material gathered here was previously only to be found in obscure books, manuscripts and foreign periodicals. Christians in Persia shows the intricate history of the period concerned; the personalities of the rulers and the ruled; the difficult task of the missionaries; their successes and failures and the consequences of their efforts. All this is related to the wider history of the country and to the expansion of Christianity in the East.