The Young Child S Memory For Words
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The Young Child S Memory For Words
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Author : Daniel R. Meier
language : en
Publisher: Teachers College Press
Release Date : 2004-03-20
The Young Child S Memory For Words written by Daniel R. Meier and has been published by Teachers College Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-03-20 with Education categories.
Provides guidelines for teachers on literacy development in young children.
Transforming The Workforce For Children Birth Through Age 8
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2015-07-23
Transforming The Workforce For Children Birth Through Age 8 written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-23 with Social Science categories.
Children are already learning at birth, and they develop and learn at a rapid pace in their early years. This provides a critical foundation for lifelong progress, and the adults who provide for the care and the education of young children bear a great responsibility for their health, development, and learning. Despite the fact that they share the same objective - to nurture young children and secure their future success - the various practitioners who contribute to the care and the education of children from birth through age 8 are not acknowledged as a workforce unified by the common knowledge and competencies needed to do their jobs well. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 explores the science of child development, particularly looking at implications for the professionals who work with children. This report examines the current capacities and practices of the workforce, the settings in which they work, the policies and infrastructure that set qualifications and provide professional learning, and the government agencies and other funders who support and oversee these systems. This book then makes recommendations to improve the quality of professional practice and the practice environment for care and education professionals. These detailed recommendations create a blueprint for action that builds on a unifying foundation of child development and early learning, shared knowledge and competencies for care and education professionals, and principles for effective professional learning. Young children thrive and learn best when they have secure, positive relationships with adults who are knowledgeable about how to support their development and learning and are responsive to their individual progress. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 offers guidance on system changes to improve the quality of professional practice, specific actions to improve professional learning systems and workforce development, and research to continue to build the knowledge base in ways that will directly advance and inform future actions. The recommendations of this book provide an opportunity to improve the quality of the care and the education that children receive, and ultimately improve outcomes for children.
Working Memory Capacity
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Author : Nelson Cowan
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2016-04-14
Working Memory Capacity written by Nelson Cowan and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-14 with Psychology categories.
The idea of one's memory "filling up" is a humorous misconception of how memory in general is thought to work; it actually has no capacity limit. However, the idea of a "full brain" makes more sense with reference to working memory, which is the limited amount of information a person can hold temporarily in an especially accessible form for use in the completion of almost any challenging cognitive task. This groundbreaking book explains the evidence supporting Cowan's theoretical proposal about working memory capacity, and compares it to competing perspectives. Cognitive psychologists profoundly disagree on how working memory is limited: whether by the number of units that can be retained (and, if so, what kind of units and how many), the types of interfering material, the time that has elapsed, some combination of these mechanisms, or none of them. The book assesses these hypotheses and examines explanations of why capacity limits occur, including vivid biological, cognitive, and evolutionary accounts. The book concludes with a discussion of the practical importance of capacity limits in daily life. This 10th anniversary Classic Edition will continue to be accessible to a wide range of readers and serve as an invaluable reference for all memory researchers.
The Effect Of Priming And Verbal Short Term Memory On Word Learning In Cantonese Speaking Children
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Author : Hui-Mei Lau
language : en
Publisher: Open Dissertation Press
Release Date : 2017-01-26
The Effect Of Priming And Verbal Short Term Memory On Word Learning In Cantonese Speaking Children written by Hui-Mei Lau and has been published by Open Dissertation Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-26 with categories.
This dissertation, "The Effect of Priming and Verbal Short-term Memory on Word Learning in Cantonese-speaking Children: a Developmental Study" by Hui-mei, Lau, 劉曉眉, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: In older children and adults, words are stored in the mental lexicon in an organized manner and processed in a systematic manner on the basis of their phonological structures. The processing of novel words is therefore more efficient. Young children may process a novel word in a holistic manner, and the words are not stored phonemically distinct with one another in the mental lexicon. Priming is a method often used in spoken word recognition studies. The effects of phonological primes on word learning would reflect the organization of mental lexicon in young children. At the same time, research has shown that there is a positive correlation between phonological short-term memory (STM) and word learning. But the mechanism of how both phonological STM and mental lexicon are involved in word learning is not clear. Forty-two five- to seven-years-old children with a mean age of 6;06 (SD = 0;10) participated in a spoken word learning task. They were presented with names of 18 novel cartoon characters in nine word learning blocks and the names were novel disyllables that are consistent with the phonotactics of Cantonese. In each block, children were exposed to two novel words along with two real words as primes, with the primes phonologically similar to one novel word ("PHONOLOGICAL" condition) but not with the other one ("UNRELATED" condition). They heard each novel word twice and the primes three times. These participants also took part in nonword repetition tasks and a serial order construction task as measures of the phonological STM. A significantly positive effect of phonological priming was observed in the cartoon character naming but not in the form identification and the referent identification. Further analysis of the naming results showed that only the same-onset-and-tone primes produced a significant priming effect. Among the various short-term memory measures, only nonword repetition of pseudosyllables (syllable score) was significantly and positively correlated with the cartoon character naming score after controlling for age. The findings of the present study presented some evidence that even five-year-old Cantonese-speaking children have already organized the lexical representations in neighbourhoods so that phonological primes could exert facilitatory effects on their spoken word learning. Even this young group of children was able to process novel words in a segmental manner. But there could still be some subtle differences between the younger and older children. A word learning model which integrates the involvement of phonological STM and mental lexicon could help to explain how these two memory components contribute to word learning and the word learning differences between the younger and older children. The preliminary findings of this study provided some evidence in children's sensitivity to the phonological structures of novel spoken words. Cantonese-speaking children, similar to English-speaking ones, are sensitive to the phonological structures of novel words and phonological primes facilitate their spoken word learning. The results of this study further suggest long-term memory and phonological short-term memory are involved at the initial stage of word learning. However, the mechanism of interactions needs to be further investigated. DOI: 10.5353/th_b5194768 Subjects: Short-t
The Development Of Children S Memory
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Author : Lynne E. Baker-Ward
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2021-06-10
The Development Of Children S Memory written by Lynne E. Baker-Ward and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-10 with Psychology categories.
"In this introduction to The Development of Children's Memory: The Scientific Contributions of Peter A. Ornstein, we provide biographical information for Professor Ornstein and identify some contextual influences on his work. We then examine the four distinct but interrelated programs of research he conducted that form the structure for this volume. Next, we briefly describe the chapters that are included in the review of each research program and introduce the authors. Ornstein's scientific development over his 50 years in research is depicted as moving from the study of age-related changes in memory performance to an increasing emphasis on the developmental processes that result in skilled remembering in children. This transition both reflected and contributed to the emergence of a developmental science of memory. Over a century of memory research has swung between the two poles of the mechanistic model of Ebbinghaus and the adaptive, sociocultural, and organismic view of Bartlett, both of which were necessary but neither of which was essentially developmental. The Ornstein lab has, over the last half century, with experimental rigor, explored how growing children use memory adaptively in meaningful contexts. From the transitional era of "verbal learning" in the 1950s to the cognitive revolution of the information-processing period in the 1980s, models of memory focused on the development of the deployment and control of strategic processes of remembering, models that, despite their modern sophistication, owe something to Ebbinghaus. But children grow up embedded in cultural structures of meanings ranging from the doctor's office to the courtroom, aided or hindered by the people in them, intent on helping growing children to use memory adaptively within those cultural narratives"--
Becoming A Word Learner
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Author : Roberta Michnick Golinkoff
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2000-11-02
Becoming A Word Learner written by Roberta Michnick Golinkoff and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-11-02 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Language acquisition is a contentious field of research occupied by cognitive and developmental psychologists, linguists, philosophers, and biologists. Perhaps the key component to understanding how language is mastered is explaining word acquisition. At twelve months, an infant learns new words slowly and laboriously but at twenty months he or she acquires an average of ten new words per day. How can we explain this phenomenal change? A theory of word acquisition will not only deepen our understanding of the nature of language but will provide real insight into the workings of the developing mind. In the latest entry in Oxford's Counterpoints series, Roberta Golinkoff and Kathryn Hirsh-Pasek will present competing word acquisition theories that have emerged in the past decade. Each theory will be presented by the pioneering researcher. Contributors will include Lois Bloom of Columbia University, Linda Smith of Indiana University, Amanda Woodward of the University if Chicago, Nameera Akhtar of the University of California, Santa Cruz and Michael Tomasello of the Max Planck Institute. The editors will provide introductory and summary chapters to help assess each theoretical model. Roberta Golinkoff has been the director of The Infant Language Project at the University of Delaware since 1974. For the past decade she has collaborated with Kathryn Hirsh-Pasek of Temple University to solve the question of language acquisition in children.
How Children Learn The Meanings Of Words
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Author : Paul Bloom
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2002-01-25
How Children Learn The Meanings Of Words written by Paul Bloom and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-01-25 with Psychology categories.
How do children learn that the word "dog" refers not to all four-legged animals, and not just to Ralph, but to all members of a particular species? How do they learn the meanings of verbs like "think," adjectives like "good," and words for abstract entities such as "mortgage" and "story"? The acquisition of word meaning is one of the fundamental issues in the study of mind. According to Paul Bloom, children learn words through sophisticated cognitive abilities that exist for other purposes. These include the ability to infer others' intentions, the ability to acquire concepts, an appreciation of syntactic structure, and certain general learning and memory abilities. Although other researchers have associated word learning with some of these capacities, Bloom is the first to show how a complete explanation requires all of them. The acquisition of even simple nouns requires rich conceptual, social, and linguistic capacities interacting in complex ways. This book requires no background in psychology or linguistics and is written in a clear, engaging style. Topics include the effects of language on spatial reasoning, the origin of essentialist beliefs, and the young child's understanding of representational art. The book should appeal to general readers interested in language and cognition as well as to researchers in the field.
Memory Journal For The Kids
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Author : Little Star Journals
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018-01-11
Memory Journal For The Kids written by Little Star Journals and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-11 with categories.
Do you find yourself thinking how is my child that old already? "They grow up so fast" is a total cliche but sometimes it feels so true. Or, do you find that you can't remember all the different things you did last week? There are so many wonderful little and big things that happen every week and even every day when you're parents. So many fun, funny and lovely things they say and do - so many memories you want to treasure and look back on, and that is why we created The Memory Journal for the Kids. We wanted to create a journal that would help you remember this important and precious time.Each page of The Memory Journal for the Kids contains an area to write out what you did that day, the memorable things your kids do or say, the highlights of the day, who you saw, a place for doodling and a place for thoughts.So whether you want to record the big milestones - first words, first steps ( basically all the firsts), the cute things they do, or the funny things they say, you can in this lovely and practical journal.The layout is simple and makes for fun and easy reflection. And before you know it you can look back with joy at the wonderful things you have done with your kids, and even use it as a bedtime story.What benefits will you see from using this journal?1. To look back on your child's life2. To remember the small things they do3. To keep track of what you do as a family4. A greater sense of gratitude for the small things in your life5. A fun way to remember your kids' milestones
Young Minds In Social Worlds
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Author : Katherine Nelson
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2010-03-30
Young Minds In Social Worlds written by Katherine Nelson and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03-30 with Psychology categories.
Katherine Nelson re-centers developmental psychology with a revived emphasis on development and change, rather than foundations and continuity. She argues that children be seen not as scientists but as members of a community of minds, striving not only to make sense, but also to share meanings with others. A child is always part of a social world, yet the child's experience is private. So, Nelson argues, we must study children in the context of the relationships, interactive language, and culture of their everyday lives. Nelson draws philosophically from pragmatism and phenomenology, and empirically from a range of developmental research. Skeptical of work that focuses on presumed innate abilities and the close fit of child and adult forms of cognition, her dynamic framework takes into account whole systems developing over time, presenting a coherent account of social, cognitive, and linguistic development in the first five years of life. Nelson argues that a child's entrance into the community of minds is a slow, gradual process with enormous consequences for child development, and the adults that they become. Original, deeply scholarly, and trenchant, Young Minds in Social Worlds will inspire a new generation of developmental psychologists.
The Development Of Working Memory In Children
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Author : Lucy Henry
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2011-12-06
The Development Of Working Memory In Children written by Lucy Henry and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-12-06 with Psychology categories.
Using the highly influential working memory framework as a guide, this textbook provides a clear comparison of the memory development of typically developing children with that of atypical children. The emphasis on explaining methodology throughout the book gives students a real understanding about the way experiments are carried out and how to critically evaluate experimental research.