Thermal Properties Of Granular Silica Aerogel For High Performance Insulation Systems
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Thermal Properties Of Granular Silica Aerogel For High Performance Insulation Systems
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Author : Adam Halbert Neugebauer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Thermal Properties Of Granular Silica Aerogel For High Performance Insulation Systems written by Adam Halbert Neugebauer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Based on mounting evidence in support of anthropogenic global climate change, there is an urgency for developments in high-performance building techniques and technologies. New construction projects provide substantial opportunities for energy efficiency measures, but they represent only a small portion of the building stock. Conversely, while existing buildings are plentiful, they typically have a much narrower range of feasible energy efficiency options. Therefore, there will continue to be a need for the development of new and improved energy efficiency measures for new building construction and even more so for deep retrofits of existing buildings. This thesis provides an overview of the research performed into the on-going development at MIT of a high-performance panelized insulation system based on silica aerogel. Two test methods were used for measuring the thermal conductivity of the granules: the transient hot-wire technique and the guarded hot-plate system. Utilizing the hot-wire set-up, it was demonstrated that compressing a bed of granules will decrease the thermal conductivity of the system until a minimum point is reached around the monolithic density of the aerogel. For the Cabot granules, this was seen at 13 mW/m-K and about 150 kg/m3. The MIT granules showed equal performance to the Cabot granules at bed densities 20-30 kg/m3 lower. The hot-plate testing was able to experimentally evaluate previous analytical predictions regarding the conductivity impact of the internal panel truss and the under-prediction of radiant heat transfer in the hot-wire method. Hot-wire testing was also done in a vacuum chamber to quantify potential performance improvements at reduced air pressures. Since a vacuum would require the incorporation of a barrier film into the panel system, some analyses were done into the thermal bridging potential and gas diffusion requirements of such a film. Additionally, physical prototyping was done to explore how the film would be incorporated into the existing panel design. The aerogel-based insulation panel being developed at MIT continues to show promise, though there are still plenty of opportunities remaining in the development cycle.
Thermal Properties Of Advanced Aerogel Insulation
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Author : Ellann Cohen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Thermal Properties Of Advanced Aerogel Insulation written by Ellann Cohen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Buildings consume too much energy. For example, 16.6% of all the energy used in the United States goes towards just the heating and cooling of buildings. Many governments, organizations, and companies are setting very ambitious goals to reduce their energy use over the next few years. Because the time periods for these goals are much less than the average lifetime of a building, existing buildings will need to be retrofitted. There are two different types of retrofitting: shallow and deep. Shallow retrofits involve the quickest and least expensive improvements often including reducing infiltration around windows, under doors, etc and blowing more insulation into the attic. Deep retrofits are those that involve costly renovation and typically include adding insulation to the walls and replacing windows. A new, easily installable, inexpensive, and thin insulation would move insulating the walls from the deep retrofit category to the shallow retrofit category and thus would revolutionize the process of retrofitting homes to make them more energy efficient. This thesis provides an overview of a concept for a new, easily installable, inexpensive, thin aerogel-based insulation and goes into detail on how the thermal properties of the aerogel were measured and validated. The transient hot-wire method for measuring the thermal conductivity of very low thermal conductivity silica aerogel (1 0mW/m K at 1 atm) along with a correction for end effects was validated with the NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) Standard Reference Material 1459, fumed silica board to within 1 mW/mK. Despite the translucence of the aerogel at certain wavelengths, radiation is not an issue through the aerogel during the hot-wire test but may be an issue in actual use as an insulation. The monolithic aerogel thermal conductivity drops significantly with slightly reduced pressure (3.2 mW/m K at 0.1atm). For the final composite insulation, the new silica aerogel formula is a great choice and it is recommended to reduce the pressure around the aerogel to 1 / 1 0 th. In the future, a prototype of an insulation panel combining a 3-D truss structure, monolithic or granular silica aerogel, and reduced pressure will be constructed and tested.
Thermophysical Properties Of Thermal Insulating Materials
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Author : Midwest Research Institute (Kansas City, Mo.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1962
Thermophysical Properties Of Thermal Insulating Materials written by Midwest Research Institute (Kansas City, Mo.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1962 with Insulating materials categories.
Silica Aerogel Composites
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Author : Mahesh Sachithanadam
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-01-13
Silica Aerogel Composites written by Mahesh Sachithanadam and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-13 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book explores the improvement in thermal insulation properties of protein-based silica aerogel composites fabricated by a novel, inexpensive and feasible method. The resulting material exhibits polymeric foam behavior including high compressibility, super-hydrophobic qualities and excellent strain recovery in addition to low thermal conductivity. The fabrication methodologies are explained in great detail and represented in flowcharts for easy reference and understanding. This monograph gives readers a new perspective on composite fabrication using methods other than the traditional ones and explores the endless ways of altering the composition to modify the properties of the silica aerogel composites. Applications for this novel composite are diverse and range from those in the pharmaceutical and aerospace industries to the oil and gas industries.
Aerogels Handbook
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Author : Michel Andre Aegerter
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-06-10
Aerogels Handbook written by Michel Andre Aegerter and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Aerogels are the lightest solids known. Up to 1000 times lighter than glass and with a density as low as only four times that of air, they show very high thermal, electrical and acoustic insulation values and hold many entries in Guinness World Records. Originally based on silica, R&D efforts have extended this class of materials to non-silicate inorganic oxides, natural and synthetic organic polymers, carbon, metal and ceramic materials, etc. Composite systems involving polymer-crosslinked aerogels and interpenetrating hybrid networks have been developed and exhibit remarkable mechanical strength and flexibility. Even more exotic aerogels based on clays, chalcogenides, phosphides, quantum dots, and biopolymers such as chitosan are opening new applications for the construction, transportation, energy, defense and healthcare industries. Applications in electronics, chemistry, mechanics, engineering, energy production and storage, sensors, medicine, nanotechnology, military and aerospace, oil and gas recovery, thermal insulation and household uses are being developed with an estimated annual market growth rate of around 70% until 2015. The Aerogels Handbook summarizes state-of-the-art developments and processing of inorganic, organic, and composite aerogels, including the most important methods of synthesis, characterization as well as their typical applications and their possible market impact. Readers will find an exhaustive overview of all aerogel materials known today, their fabrication, upscaling aspects, physical and chemical properties, and most recent advances towards applications and commercial products, some of which are commercially available today. Key Features: •Edited and written by recognized worldwide leaders in the field •Appeals to a broad audience of materials scientists, chemists, and engineers in academic research and industrial R&D •Covers inorganic, organic, and composite aerogels •Describes military, aerospace, building industry, household, environmental, energy, and biomedical applications among others
Truss Core Sandwich Panels With Compacted Aerogel Insulation
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Author : Kevin Chen (S.M.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Truss Core Sandwich Panels With Compacted Aerogel Insulation written by Kevin Chen (S.M.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Silica aerogels are well known for their low thermal conductivity, approximately 15 mW/m-K. Their low relative density (typically less than 5%) reduces conduction through the solid and their small pore size, typically less than one hundred nanometers, on the order of the mean free path of air, reduces conduction through air as well as convection and radiation. As they are exceptionally fragile and brittle (flexural strength is typically 0.03-0.08 MPa), they are often used in a granular form in thermal insulation, with some increase in their thermal conductivity, to about 24 mW/in-K, from the air between the granules. Here, we describe a technique for compacting granular silica aerogel that reduces the thermal conductivity to 13 mW/m-K, roughly half that of the uncompacted aerogel. We also report on the development of a truss-core sandwich panel filled with compacted aerogel granules, designed to provide both mechanical support and thermal insulation to facilitate the practical commercialization of aerogel insulation, particularly in energy efficient building applications. Mechanical and thermal properties of the sandwich panel prototype were measured and compared with theoretical models available in literature. The models give a good description of the properties of aerogel-filled truss-core sandwich panels.
Thermal Insulation Performance
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Author : McElroy DL.
language : en
Publisher: ASTM International
Release Date : 1980
Thermal Insulation Performance written by McElroy DL. and has been published by ASTM International this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with categories.
Nanotechnology For Energy Sustainability
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Author : Baldev Raj
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2017-01-27
Nanotechnology For Energy Sustainability written by Baldev Raj and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-27 with Technology & Engineering categories.
In three handy volumes, this ready reference provides a detailed overview of nanotechnology as it is applied to energy sustainability. Clearly structured, following an introduction, the first part of the book is dedicated to energy production, renewable energy, energy storage, energy distribution, and energy conversion and harvesting. The second part then goes on to discuss nano-enabled materials, energy conservation and management, technological and intellectual property-related issues and markets and environmental remediation. The text concludes with a look at and recommendations for future technology advances. An essential handbook for all experts in the field - from academic researchers and engineers to developers in industry.
Aerogel A High Performance Insulating Material At 0 1 Bar
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Author : W. Cao
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Aerogel A High Performance Insulating Material At 0 1 Bar written by W. Cao and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Aerogel categories.
Silica aerogel is a low-density, transparent and porous solid that achieves vacuum-like insulating performance at a very modest vacuum (0.1 bar). Research is under way to further improve the thermal performance of this already highly insulating material by reducing the internal radiative heat transfer. The thermal resistance of aerogel is increased by adding infrared absorbing compounds to reduce the radiative heat transfer within the aerogel. Aerogel samples were prepared and their infrared transmission spectra were measured. After suitable materials and preparation methods were evaluated, an evacuated aerogel panel was prepared for thermal conductivity measurements. The measurements performed on this panel demonstrated significant increases in thermal performance over similar panels without opacification agents. Enhanced aerogel insulation has the potential to displace the current use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in refrigerator, and other appliances, thereby reducing the CFC damage to the ozone layer while producing significant gains in energy efficiency.
Thermal Insulation
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Author : Frank J. Powell
language : en
Publisher: ASTM International
Release Date : 1987
Thermal Insulation written by Frank J. Powell and has been published by ASTM International this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Conferences categories.