Thermodynamic Consistency Of The Equation Of State Of Strongly Interacting Matter
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Thermodynamic Consistency Of The Equation Of State Of Strongly Interacting Matter
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Thermodynamic Consistency Of The Equation Of State Of Strongly Interacting Matter written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.
Addressing strongly interacting matter in the region of energy density where the hadronic gas phase coexists with the quark-gluon plasma phase, we discuss how thermodynamic consistency can be used to constrain the equation of state for uniform matter and we illustrate the method by constructing a T{sub c}-dependent family of thermodynamically consistent equations of state based on simple spline interpolations between the gas and plasma phases.
Thermodynamics And Equations Of State For Matter From Ideal Gas To Quark Gluon Plasma
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Author : Vladimr E Fortov
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2016-03-24
Thermodynamics And Equations Of State For Matter From Ideal Gas To Quark Gluon Plasma written by Vladimr E Fortov and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-24 with Science categories.
The monograph presents a comparative analysis of different thermodynamic models of the equations of state. The basic ideological premises of the theoretical methods and the experiment are considered. The principal attention is on the description of states that are of greatest interest for the physics of high energy concentrations which are either already attained or can be reached in the near future in controlled terrestrial conditions, or are realized in astrophysical objects at different stages of their evolution. Ultra-extreme astrophysical and nuclear-physical applications are also analyzed where the thermodynamics of matter is affected substantially by relativism, high-power gravitational and magnetic fields, thermal radiation, transformation of nuclear particles, nucleon neutronization, and quark deconfinement. The book is intended for a wide range of specialists engaged in the study of the equations of state of matter and high energy density physics, as well as for senior students and postgraduates.
Qcd Equation Of State Of Hot Deconfined Matter At Finite Baryon Density
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Qcd Equation Of State Of Hot Deconfined Matter At Finite Baryon Density written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.
The quasiparticle model, based on quark and gluon degrees of freedom, has been developed for the description of the thermodynamics of a hot plasma of strongly interacting matter which is of enormous relevance in astrophysics, cosmology and for relativistic heavy-ion collisions as well. In the present work, this phenomenological model is extended into the realm of imaginary chemical potential and towards including, in general, different and independent quark flavour chemical potentials. In this way, nonzero net baryon-density effects in the equation of state are self-consistently attainable. Furthermore, a chain of approximations based on formal mathematical manipulations is presented which outlines the connection of the quasiparticle model with the underlying gauge field theory of strong interactions, QCD, putting the model on firmer ground. A comparison of quasiparticle model results with available lattice QCD data for, e. g., basic bulk thermodynamic quantities and various susceptibilities such as diagonal and off-diagonal susceptibilities, which provide a rich and sensitive testing ground, is found to be successful. Furthermore, different thermodynamic quantities and the phase diagram for imaginary chemical potential are faithfully described. Thus, the applicability of the model to extrapolate the equation of state known from lattice QCD at zero baryon density to nonzero baryon densities is shown. In addition, the ability of the model to extrapolate results to the chiral limit and to asymptotically large temperatures is illustrated by confrontation with available first-principle lattice QCD results. These extrapolations demonstrate the predictive power of the model. Basing on these successful comparisons supporting the idea that the hot deconfined phase can be described in a consistent picture by dressed quark and gluon degrees of freedom, a reliable QCD equation of state is constructed and baryon-density effects are examined, also along isentropic evolutionary p.
Thermodynamics Of Strongly Interacting Matter
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Author : Gregers Rosenkrantz de Neergaard
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Thermodynamics Of Strongly Interacting Matter written by Gregers Rosenkrantz de Neergaard and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.
Extreme States Of Matter
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Author : Vladimir E. Fortov
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-12-26
Extreme States Of Matter written by Vladimir E. Fortov and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-26 with Science categories.
With its many beautiful colour pictures, this book gives fascinating insights into the unusual forms and behaviour of matter under extremely high pressures and temperatures. These extreme states are generated, among other things, by strong shock, detonation and electric explosion waves, dense laser beams, electron and ion beams, hypersonic entry of spacecraft into dense atmospheres of planets and in many other situations characterized by extremely high pressures and temperatures. Written by one of the world's foremost experts on the topic, this book will inform and fascinate all scientists dealing with materials properties and physics and also serve as an excellent introduction to plasma-, shock-wave and high-energy-density physics for students and newcomers seeking an overview. This second edition is thoroughly revised and expanded, in particular with new material on high energy-density physics, nuclear explosions and other nuclear transformation processes.
Thermodynamics And Equations Of State For Matter
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Author : Vladimr E. Fortov
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
Release Date : 2016
Thermodynamics And Equations Of State For Matter written by Vladimr E. Fortov and has been published by World Scientific Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Equations of state categories.
The monograph presents a comparative analysis of different thermodynamic models of the equations of state. The basic ideological premises of the theoretical methods and the experiment are considered. The principal attention is on the description of states that are of greatest interest for the physics of high energy concentrations which are either already attained or can be reached in the near future in controlled terrestrial conditions, or are realized in astrophysical objects at different stages of their evolution. Ultra-extreme astrophysical and nuclear-physical applications are also analyzed where the thermodynamics of matter is affected substantially by relativism, high-power gravitational and magnetic fields, thermal radiation, transformation of nuclear particles, nucleon neutronization, and quark deconfinement. The book is intended for a wide range of specialists engaged in the study of the equations of state of matter and high energy density physics, as well as for senior students and postgraduates.
The Cbm Physics Book
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Author : Bengt Friman
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-03-10
The Cbm Physics Book written by Bengt Friman and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03-10 with Science categories.
This exhaustive survey is the result of a four year effort by many leading researchers in the field to produce both a readable introduction and a yardstick for the many upcoming experiments using heavy ion collisions to examine the properties of nuclear matter. The books falls naturally into five large parts, first examining the bulk properties of strongly interacting matter, including its equation of state and phase structure. Part II discusses elementary hadronic excitations of nuclear matter, Part III addresses the concepts and models regarding the space-time dynamics of nuclear collision experiments, Part IV collects the observables from past and current high-energy heavy-ion facilities in the context of the theoretical predictions specific to compressed baryonic matter. Part V finally gives a brief description of the experimental concepts. The book explicitly addresses everyone working or planning to enter the field of high-energy nuclear physics.
Compact Star Equation Of State With Temperature And Magnetic Field Effects
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Author : Jeffrey L. Peterson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Compact Star Equation Of State With Temperature And Magnetic Field Effects written by Jeffrey L. Peterson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Compact stars (CSs) are the remnants of "dead" stars that were too small to form black holes; the category includes both white dwarfs (WDs) and neutron stars (NSs). To produce a full description of any magnetized compact star requires solving Einstein's equations in unison with Maxwell's equations. However, when putting these two sets of equations together, there is an additional degree of freedom that requires the inclusion of the equation of state (EOS) of the stellar matter in question. The most notable difference between CSs and other stars is that CSs consist of degenerate fermion matter. Fermionic matter exists in a degenerate state when the temperature is low compared to the Fermi energy. Such states arise due to the Pauli exclusion principle, which states that no two identical fermions (particles with half integer spin) in the same quantum system may inhabit the same quantum state. In the case of WDs, this degeneracy is caused solely by electrons; whereas, in NSs, the degeneracy is in several species of particles including neutrons and protons, but also more "exotic" baryons, such as Lambdas, Sigmas, and Cascades. In the grand canonical ensemble, the stellar EOS is typically expressed as the relation between the total energy density of a gas of particles and their pressure. It is calculated using thermodynamics with, in the NS case, an additional contribution from the strong nuclear force, which must be modeled. Due to computational difficulty, the EOS is often calculated in a simplified way, assuming that one aspect or another is not significant. As such, EOSs exist with temperature effects or with magnetic field effects, but not with both. For example, higher temperatures (without additional degrees of freedom) lead to higher pressures at the same energy density; the EOS is "stiffer." Magnetic fields lead to a pressure anisotropy and Landau quantization, which gives rise to De Haas-Van Alphen oscillations in the EOS. This thesis breaks new ground by simultaneously including both temperature and magnetic field effects into the EOS of compact stars. The thermodynamic portion of the EOS is calculated by treating the particles as a relativistic free Fermi gas, in which, particles are treated as non-interacting and must obey Fermi-Dirac statistics. This approach also allows for the calculation of other thermodynamic quantities, such as number density, entropy density, and magnetization. Contributions from the strong force are calculated using the chiral mean field (CMF) model for neutron stars. The CMF model is a relativistic effective model based on a non-linear realization of the linear sigma model of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). It features hadron deconfinement into quarks and self-consistent chiral symmetry restoration. Each fundamental force is thought to have a force carrying boson (particles with integer spin, not subject to Pauli exclusion). The photon is the carrier for the electromagnetic force and the carrier for the strong nuclear force is the gluon. In the CMF model, gluons are approximated as "mesons," which are exchanged between hadrons and quarks. As a result, these mesons acquire some properties from both gluons and quarks. Note that, due to the high density and low temperature of NS matter, standard QCD approaches fail to provide an adequate description. Lattice QCD exhibits the sign problem at non-zero baryon density, due to integrating highly oscillating functions. Perturbative QCD breaks down in the presence of strong particle interactions. These are both conditions found in NSs. Finally, this thesis investigates the EOS for isospin-symmetric matter (equal numbers of protons and neutrons or up and down quarks), to reproduce conditions found in heavy ion collisions (HICs). While HICs do not create matter with net density comparable to that of CSs, the energy density is comparable to that of CSs due to their relativistic speeds. This makes HICs the closest we can get to creating CS matter on Earth.
Intense Shock Waves On Earth And In Space
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Author : Vladimir Fortov
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-05-26
Intense Shock Waves On Earth And In Space written by Vladimir Fortov and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-26 with Science categories.
This book focuses on the non-traditional branches of physics and mechanics of shock waves that have arisen recently in connection with the intensive study of these waves in a wide variety of phenomena - from nuclear matter to clusters of galaxies. The book is devoted to the various physical phenomena and properties of intense shock waves. The author addresses methods of generation, diagnostics, as well as theoretical methods for describing shock waves at extremely high pressures and temperatures in laboratory and quasi-laboratory conditions. The state of materials with high energy density generated by shock wave compression is discussed. In addition, the book aims to systematize, generalize, and describe from a universal viewpoint the extensive theoretical and experimental material on the physics of high energy densities - the physics and mechanics of intense shock waves. The book is based on lectures delivered by the author at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, the Higher School of Physics of Rosatom State Nuclear Energy Corporation, as well as overviews presented at many scientific conferences and symposia. It is useful to a wide range of researchers in natural sciences, giving them access to original works and allowing them to navigate the fascinating problems of the modern science of intense shock waves.
Extreme States Of Matter In Strong Interaction Physics
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Author : Helmut Satz
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-02-26
Extreme States Of Matter In Strong Interaction Physics written by Helmut Satz and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-26 with Science categories.
This book is a course-tested primer on the thermodynamics of strongly interacting matter – a profound and challenging area of both theoretical and experimental modern physics. Analytical and numerical studies of statistical quantum chromodynamics provide the main theoretical tool, while in experiments, high-energy nuclear collisions are the key for extensive laboratory investigations. As such, the field straddles statistical, particle and nuclear physics, both conceptually and in the methods of investigation used. The book addresses, above all, the many young scientists starting their scientific research in this field, providing them with a general, self-contained introduction that highlights the basic concepts and ideas and explains why we do what we do. Much of the book focuses on equilibrium thermodynamics: first it presents simplified phenomenological pictures, leading to critical behavior in hadronic matter and to a quark-hadron phase transition. This is followed by elements of finite temperature lattice QCD and an exposition of the important results obtained through the computer simulation of the lattice formulation. It goes on to clarify the relationship between the resulting critical behavior due to symmetry breaking/restoration in QCD, before turning to the QCD phase diagram. The presentation of bulk equilibrium thermodyamics is completed by studying the properties of the quark-gluon plasma as a new state of strongly interacting matter. The final chapters of the book are devoted to more specific topics that arise when nuclear collisions are considered as a tool for the experimental study of QCD thermodynamics. This second edition includes a new chapter on the hydrodynamic evolution of the medium produced in nuclear collisions. Since the study of flow for strongly interacting fluids has gained ever-increasing importance over the years, it is dealt with it in some detail, including comments on gauge/gravity duality. Moreover, other aspects of experimental studies are brought up to date, such as the search for critical behavior in multihadron production, the calibration of quarkonium production in nuclear collisions, and the relation between strangeness suppression and deconfinement.