Thin Windows

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X Ray Spectrometry In Electron Beam Instruments

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Author : Joseph Goldstein
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

X Ray Spectrometry In Electron Beam Instruments written by Joseph Goldstein and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.

From its early days in the 1950s, the electron microanalyzer has offered two principal ways of obtaining x-ray spectra: wavelength dispersive spectrometry (WDS), which utilizes crystal diffraction, and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), in which the x-ray quantum energy is measured directly. In general, WDS offers much better peak separation for complex line spectra, whereas EDS gives a higher collection efficiency and is easier and cheaper to use. Both techniques have undergone major transformations since those early days, from the simple focusing spectrometerand gas proportional counter of the 1950s to the advanced semiconductor detectors and programmable spectrometersoftoday. Becauseofthesedevelopments, thecapabilities and relative merits of EDS and WDS techniques have been a recurring feature of microprobeconferences for nearly40 years, and this volume bringstogetherthepapers presented at the Chuck Fiori Memorial Symposium, held at the Microbeam Analysis Society Meeting of 1993. Several themes are apparent in this rich and authoritative collection of papers, which have both a historical and an up-to-the-minute dimension. Light element analysis has long been a goal of microprobe analysts since Ray Dolby first detected K radiation with a gas proportional counter in 1960. WDS techniques (using carbon lead stearate films) were not used for this purpose until four years later. Now synthetic multilayers provide the best dispersive elements for quantitative light element analy sis-still used in conjunction with a gas counter.

Infoworld

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999-02-08

Infoworld written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-02-08 with categories.

InfoWorld is targeted to Senior IT professionals. Content is segmented into Channels and Topic Centers. InfoWorld also celebrates people, companies, and projects.

The Fat And The Thin

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Author : Émile Zola
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1896

The Fat And The Thin written by Émile Zola and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1896 with categories.

Circular

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Author : United States. National Bureau of Standards
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1950

Circular written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1950 with Science categories.

Tid

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 19??

Tid written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 19?? with Energy development categories.

Extreme Ultraviolet Astronomy

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Author : Martin A. Barstow
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003-03-13

Extreme Ultraviolet Astronomy written by Martin A. Barstow and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-03-13 with Science categories.

This book describes the development of astronomy in the Extreme Ultraviolet wavelength range, from the first rocket-based experiments to later satellite missions. It will be of great value to graduate students and researchers.

Clusters In Nuclei

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Author : Christian Beck
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-02-16

Clusters In Nuclei written by Christian Beck and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-16 with Science categories.

Following the pioneering discovery of alpha clustering and of molecular resonances, the field of nuclear clustering is today one of those domains of heavy-ion nuclear physics that faces the greatest challenges, yet also contains the greatest opportunities. After many summer schools and workshops, in particular over the last decade, the community of nuclear molecular physicists has decided to collaborate in producing a comprehensive collection of lectures and tutorial reviews covering the field. This second volume follows the successful Lect. Notes Phys. 818 (Vol.1), and comprises six extensive lectures covering the following topics: Microscopic cluster models Neutron halo and break-up reactions Break-up reaction models for two- and three-cluster projectiles Clustering effects within the di-nuclear model Nuclear alpha-particle condensates Clusters in nuclei: experimental perspectives By promoting new ideas and developments while retaining a pedagogical style of presentation throughout, these lectures will serve as both a reference and an advanced teaching manual for future courses and schools in the fields of nuclear physics and nuclear astrophysics.

Official Gazette Of The United States Patent Office

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Author : United States. Patent Office
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1971

Official Gazette Of The United States Patent Office written by United States. Patent Office and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1971 with Patents categories.

Laser Induced Damage In Optical Materials

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007

Laser Induced Damage In Optical Materials written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Laser materials categories.

Radiation Detection

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Author : Douglas McGregor
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2020-08-19

Radiation Detection written by Douglas McGregor and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-19 with Political Science categories.

Radiation Detection: Concepts, Methods, and Devices provides a modern overview of radiation detection devices and radiation measurement methods. The book topics have been selected on the basis of the authors’ many years of experience designing radiation detectors and teaching radiation detection and measurement in a classroom environment. This book is designed to give the reader more than a glimpse at radiation detection devices and a few packaged equations. Rather it seeks to provide an understanding that allows the reader to choose the appropriate detection technology for a particular application, to design detectors, and to competently perform radiation measurements. The authors describe assumptions used to derive frequently encountered equations used in radiation detection and measurement, thereby providing insight when and when not to apply the many approaches used in different aspects of radiation detection. Detailed in many of the chapters are specific aspects of radiation detectors, including comprehensive reviews of the historical development and current state of each topic. Such a review necessarily entails citations to many of the important discoveries, providing a resource to find quickly additional and more detailed information. This book generally has five main themes: Physics and Electrostatics needed to Design Radiation Detectors Properties and Design of Common Radiation Detectors Description and Modeling of the Different Types of Radiation Detectors Radiation Measurements and Subsequent Analysis Introductory Electronics Used for Radiation Detectors Topics covered include atomic and nuclear physics, radiation interactions, sources of radiation, and background radiation. Detector operation is addressed with chapters on radiation counting statistics, radiation source and detector effects, electrostatics for signal generation, solid-state and semiconductor physics, background radiations, and radiation counting and spectroscopy. Detectors for gamma-rays, charged-particles, and neutrons are detailed in chapters on gas-filled, scintillator, semiconductor, thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence, photographic film, and a variety of other detection devices.