Three Essays On Sustainable Development In China
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Three Essays On Sustainable Development In China
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Author : Ying Chen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Three Essays On Sustainable Development In China written by Ying Chen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
The first essay focuses on the role of the hukou (i.e. Household Registration System) with full awareness of the economic system it operates under, and the development model it assists. I find that hukou's main role in the planned economy was to assist socialist industrialization while averting the Lewis development model, a development strategy based on unlimited supply of labors from the rural sector, largely adopted in developing countries. In the market reform period, hukou performed exactly the opposite function, which is to assist the Lewis model based on the unlimited supply of rural surplus labor "released" from the rural de-collectivization. Based on these results, I argue that the interacting effects of the hukou and the economic system, rather than hukou alone, should be the analytical focus to address important development topics such as industrialization, urbanization, spatial and social inequality. The second essay compares the different agricultural investment patterns when agricultural credit is borrowed on a collective basis versus on an individual basis. I find that on the same income level, a one percent increase in the IC ratio (i.e. the ratio of loan made on individual base relative to on a collective base) leads to of a two percentage point decline on irrigation investment. On the other hand, a one percent increase in the IC ratio leads to about 10 percentage point increase in fertilizer use. Based on these results, I argue that the form of agricultural lending matters significantly in decisions regarding agricultural investments. Collective-based agricultural lending tends to be channeled to investment that contributes to more sustainable agricultural development yet with returns only in the intermediate or long run (such as irrigation). The third essay addresses the employment issue through estimating the relative employment impacts of renewable energy investments versus spending within the traditional fossil fuel sectors. I find that spending within three segments of the renewable energy sectors - solar, wind and bioenergy, will produce in combination about twice as many jobs per dollar of expenditure than an equal amount of spending on fossil fuels. I also find that, more than 70% of jobs from renewable energy sectors are created in the informal economy. Overall, the results of my estimates demonstrate that, for the case of China, the project of building a clean energy economy does not face the prospect of a massive obstacle in terms of negative employment effects.
Three Essays On China S Political Economy Environmental Policy And Green Job Guarantee
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Author : Yijiang Huang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Three Essays On China S Political Economy Environmental Policy And Green Job Guarantee written by Yijiang Huang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Economics categories.
This dissertation contributes to the study of the Chinese economy by elaborating China’s alternative economic system, examining the evolution of Chinese environmental policies, and proposing a Chinese Green Job Guarantee. Delineating China’s political economy post-1949, I challenge the Eurocentric interpretation of China’s post-1978 economic reform as an incomplete and ongoing transition and argue that the Chinese economy, instead of transitioning, has transformed into a distinct type of market economy. To understand the Chinese economy, the question to ask is not whether China today is capitalist or socialist, or whether the Chinese government is interfering too much with the market, but rather what kind of a market economy could best fulfill the developmental vision set by the Chinese state. Echoing this finding, I illustrate that the Chinese environmental policies have evolved from contradiction to synthesis since 2005, and hence the Chinese state has been and likely will be shaping China’s environmental landscape more responsibly and effectively into the future. Finally, I demonstrate that the Chinese state should and can implement a Green Job Guarantee program to coordinate economic growth, full employment, structural adjustments, and environmental sustainability. In 2019, increasing China’s fiscal deficit by 1.58% of GDP would have financed a complete Job Guarantee to eliminate China’s 24.27 million urban unemployment and elevate the country’s GDP growth rate to the 9.23% and 10.65% range.
Three Essays On Sustainable Development
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Author : Andres. Sustainable development Gomez-Lobo (optimal growth and natural resource)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Three Essays On Sustainable Development written by Andres. Sustainable development Gomez-Lobo (optimal growth and natural resource) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Sustainable development categories.
Chinese Research Perspectives On The Environment Special Volume
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Author : Yisheng Zheng
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2016-03-21
Chinese Research Perspectives On The Environment Special Volume written by Yisheng Zheng and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-21 with Science categories.
China Environment and Development Review offers an account of the social, economic, institutional and technological factors behind China’s worsening environmental conditions and an evolutionary perspective on efforts both to understand and to address these growing problems.
Three Essays On Organizations Proactive Environmental Strategy In China
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Author : Zhiwei Yan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Three Essays On Organizations Proactive Environmental Strategy In China written by Zhiwei Yan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
China S Economic Modernisation And Structural Changes Essays In Honour Of John Wong
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Author : Zheng Yong-nian
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2019-03-05
China S Economic Modernisation And Structural Changes Essays In Honour Of John Wong written by Zheng Yong-nian and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-05 with Business & Economics categories.
This book provides a timely update on the ongoing transformation of the Chinese economy. As the world's second largest economy, China marked the 40th anniversary of economic reform and opening-up in 2018. In this book, top scholars on Chinese economic studies review China's remarkable economic achievement in the past four decades and analyse the challenges facing economic development in the country.The book focusses on structural changes of China's economy, which are essential to steer the country towards sustainable development. It studies the long-term factors affecting the Chinese economy such as education and innovation, and emerging sources of economic growth, such as e-commerce. Other important aspects of the Chinese economy explored in this book include the economic role of the Chinese government, fiscal reforms, capital account liberalisation, housing policies, competition policy and anti-monopoly law, China's export, trends of regional development and reforms of state-owned enterprises.This rich collection of policy-oriented economic studies is also a tribute to Professor John Wong, former research director of the East Asian Institute, National University of Singapore, who passed away in June 2018. For over three decades, Professor Wong had followed and provided insightful analyses on China's economic development.
Sustainable Development In China
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Author : Curtis Andressen
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-08-21
Sustainable Development In China written by Curtis Andressen and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-21 with Social Science categories.
Over the past three decades, China’s economic structure, direction and international presence have undergone a dramatic transformation. This rapid rise and China’s enormous success in economic terms has created new challenges, and this book examines how the Chinese economy can continue to flourish, whilst at the same time protecting the environment and giving people more equal access to the benefits of the country’s economic development. Examining the key issues surrounding China's continued sustainable development, in economic, political, social and more traditional environmental terms, this book assesses the costs of China's rapid development to date and in turn asks whether this can be maintained. The contributors show that the idea of sustainable development must take into account more than just the physical environment, and that there are additional problems relating to the sustainability of China’s economic growth that are much more complicated. Divided into two broad sections, the book looks first at the broader issues of sustainability in China, before turning to the more classic idea of sustainability, that of the environment. In doing so, the contributors show that sustainability is a far more complex phenomenon than is often assumed, and that economic and social sustainability are inherently linked to linked to environmental sustainability. Dealing with what are arguably the greatest challenges facing China today, this book will be will be of great interests to students and scholars of Chinese studies, Chinese economics and Chinese politics, as well as those interested in development studies and sustainable development more broadly.
Sustainable Development Of Biotechnology
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Author : Shenghui Wang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Sustainable Development Of Biotechnology written by Shenghui Wang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
Essays On Land Use Change Carbon Sequestration And Emissions In China
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Author : Man Li
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Essays On Land Use Change Carbon Sequestration And Emissions In China written by Man Li and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Air categories.
China has experienced rapid economic growth in the last twenty years, accompanied by large-scale land conversion, severe environmental degradation, and rising carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Designing policies for sustainable development requires a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between economic growth, land-use change, carbon sequestration and emissions in China. This dissertation consists of three essays that address several relevant issues from an economic perspective. The first essay presents an empirical analysis to identify the major drivers of land-use change in China for the period 1988-2000 by using highly-disaggregated, national-scale GIS land use data and a state-of-art econometric method. Results indicate that GDP growth and agricultural investment had relatively larger impacts on farmland conversion, while population growth and agricultural investment were more influential in grassland loss. Implications of the results for the design of farmland protection policies are discussed. The second essay examines the relationship between land-use change and soil carbon sequestration in China. Results indicate that farmland and grassland loss, deforestation, and land idleness, driven by GDP growth, accelerated soil carbon runoff. Implementation of the green growth policy could generate up to 0.7-1.1 million Mg SOC and result in 22.2-37.4 million CNY welfare losses annually from 2001 to 2050. The marginal welfare loss is approximately 15.3 yen/Mg (equivalent to $2.25/Mg) for sequestering about 1 million Mg SOC per year. The third essay presents a new method to examine the sources of change in CO2 emissions in China between 1991 and 2006. Results indicate that GDP scale effect accounted for the majority of emission increments. The emission index associated with capital was a dominant contributor to emission abatement. The effects of technical change in production and change in the GDP-composition by sector played positive roles in curtailing emissions.
China S Environment And The Challenge Of Sustainable Development
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Author : Kristen A. Day
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-07-22
China S Environment And The Challenge Of Sustainable Development written by Kristen A. Day and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-22 with Business & Economics categories.
China has been experiencing extraordinary economic growth for over two decades. Behind the remarkable statistics, however, it is facing a pressing issue: balancing its economic development needs with protecting its environmental resources. The environmental issue in China has a profound impact on the rest of the world as well, in such concerns as global warning and ethical and legal considerations about environmental enforcement. This book covers a broad range of topics, from specific environmental assessments in key sectors (i.e. desertification) to the policy implications of China's entry into the WTO. The contributors include scholars, government officials, business consultants, environmental science and technology experts, and others based in China and the United States. Sharing perspectives that reflect their diverse backgrounds, these experts offer valuable insights for handling the emerging opportunities and challenges of doing business in China.