Three Essays On The Dynamics Of China S Urban Labor Market
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Three Essays On The Dynamics Of China S Urban Labor Market
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Author : Jun Li
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Three Essays On The Dynamics Of China S Urban Labor Market written by Jun Li and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Agricultural laborers categories.
Three Essays In Labor Economics A Study Of The Modern Urban Labor Market In China
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Author : Qian Sun
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Three Essays In Labor Economics A Study Of The Modern Urban Labor Market In China written by Qian Sun and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
"This thesis is composed of three studies that examine three different aspects of the modern urban labor market in China: State-owned Enterprises (SOE) wage premium, employment and labor mobility, and public-sector reforms. The first chapter studies the SOE wage premium in the period 1995-2013. It uses the latest data and methods to estimate the premium. Evidence suggests that SOE wage premium has diminished and become insignificant since late 1990s and estimates in previous research are biased. The second chapter studies the employment and mobility patterns in the period 2010-2014. Evidence reveals significant heterogeneity in employment and mobility outcomes between demographic and educational groups. The last chapter studies the economic consequences of counterfactual public-sector policies. It rationalizes the observed data pattern in a job search framework and quantifies the effects of counterfactual employment and wage policies in public sector on unemployment and labor income distribution in the urban areas. Simulation results suggest that changing public-sector employment rules has a smaller effect on unemployment than changing public-sector wage rules. " --
China S Urban Labor Market
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Author : Yang Liu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
China S Urban Labor Market written by Yang Liu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with China categories.
In the last two decades, expanding China's urban labor market has gone through a dynamic job creation and destruction, and large-scale rural-urban immigration. The marketization since early 1980s has made great progress in the transition to a real labor market. The author offers a novel analysis of China's labor market using modern structural econometric models. The book examines issues of the disequilibrium of labor supply and demand, job and worker reallocations, and labor market matching in China. It also looks into the impact of rural-urban immigration on the urban labor market. The author analyzes the economic reasons behind the high unemployment rate in China and explains why it coexists with the shortage of workers in recent years.
Essays On The Chinese Labor Market
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Author : Yang Song
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Essays On The Chinese Labor Market written by Yang Song and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
This dissertation examines the central features of the current Chinese labor market, investigates the functioning of China's labor market by constructing a theoretical model, and conducts a comprehensive welfare economic analysis using the model to study welfare consequences of various labor market policies. The dissertation consists of six chapters. Following the introduction of Chapter 1, Chapter 2 reviews key features of the current Chinese labor market based on previous literature, including labor market segmentation, household registration system, wage evolution, employment structure, etc. However, previous studies have not provided a satisfactory answer about the extent of hukou-based labor market discrimination in firms with different ownerships. Chapter 3 fills in this gap by providing more convincing empirical evidence on this particular feature using a double-selectivity approach. The results show that state-owned enterprises (SOE) are much more discriminatory than private firms against rural-to-urban migrants who carry their rural hukou to cities. The SOE sector practices both wage and hiring discrimination against rural hukou holders. Based on these empirical results, Chapter 4 constructs a theoretical model for the current Chinese labor market. The model has two geographically distinct areas (urban and rural), three segmented economic sectors (SOE, private, and agriculture), and two types of workers distinguished by the hukou status (urban and rural hukou). The paper first formulates the model and obtains a closed form solution before modeling any policy interventions. Chapter 5 then works out the labor market and welfare consequences of three policy interventions which include promoting rural development, reducing the cost-of-living in urban areas for rural hukou holders, and offering some rural workers the chance to convert from rural to urban hukou status. The policy analysis includes small increases in each of these three areas, followed by the allocation of a specified development budget among these three alternative uses. It is shown that the rural development policy is unambiguously welfare-improving, while the other two policies have ambiguous effects on social welfare. Chapter 6 concludes.
Labor Market Dynamics In Urban China And The Role Of The State Sector
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Author : Shuaizhang Feng
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Labor Market Dynamics In Urban China And The Role Of The State Sector written by Shuaizhang Feng and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
This paper studies the effect of state-owned enterprises on the dynamics of the Chinese urban labor market. Using longitudinal monthly panel data, we document very low dynamics in the labor market, especially in the state sector. We develop and calibrate an equilibrium search and matching model with three differences between the state and the non-state sector: labor productivity, labor adjustment cost, and workers' bargaining power. Counterfactual analysis shows that the lack of dynamics is mainly driven by the strong bargaining power of state-sector workers. Eliminating the differences between the two sectors substantially reduces the unemployment rate and long-term unemployment rate.
Essays On Trade Liberalization And Labor Market Outcomes
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Author : Zhe Jiang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Essays On Trade Liberalization And Labor Market Outcomes written by Zhe Jiang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
This dissertation studies trade liberalization and labor market outcomes. The first two chapters examine the impact of China's trade liberalization on the adjustment of U.S. labor market for skilled and unskilled workers in a dynamic general equilibrium framework with firm heterogeneity and factor proportions. In the first chapter, I most specifically look into the effect of trade cost reduction on U.S. skill premium in an environment which I abstract from labor market friction. Featuring labor market search and matching frictions, the second chapter is part of a broader agenda on the labor market effect of China's trade liberalization and U.S. firms' offshoring decisions, with a greater focus on the dynamics of unemployment of skilled and unskilled workers. The third chapter investigates the impact of the China's increased trade openness on its local labor market. It examines the effects of China's domestic migration policy change and trade liberalization on wage inequality in China using a dynamic general equilibrium model of international trade and internal migration across regions. This dissertation showcases some of the ways trade policy can interact with firms' endogenous offshoring and entry decisions, workers' mobility choices, and labor markets frictions in a dynamic fashion. More specifically, the first chapter studies how wage inequality between skilled and unskilled workers interact with multinational firms' decisions and countries' different factor endowments using a two-country dynamic stochastic model featuring task-offshoring, heterogeneous firms and factor proportions. It shows that besides the traditional Stolper-Samuelson mechanism that shifts factors of production towards a country's comparative advantage sectors, there also exist other firm-level adjustment mechanisms that widen the wage gap after trade liberalization. It finds that in the short run, offshoring widens wage inequality between skilled and unskilled workers through increasing high-skilled wage and lowering low-skilled wage. Such effect is more announced in the beginning phase of the adjustment, and slows down over time as low-skilled wage rises faster than the cool-down of high-skilled wage increase. The intensive margin and the extensive margin are both active in shaping rising wage gap in the home country, with the latter playing a more important role in the short to medium run compared to the beginning stage following the shock. The second chapter studies the dynamic effects of offshoring on the unemployment rates and wage inequality across the high-skilled and low-skilled workers through the dynamics of firms' production location and entry decisions in general equilibrium. First, I examine the dynamic effects of offshoring cost reduction due to China's trade liberalization. Estimates from vector autoregressions (VARs) show that a decrease in offshoring costs is associated with a short-lived increase in low-skilled unemployment, but a persistent decline in high-skilled unemployment and a less persistent expansion of wage gap in the source country. Second, I build a two-country trade-in-task model with firm heterogeneity, endogenous selection into entry and offshoring as well as search and matching frictions to study the channels through which offshoring cost reductions affect the labor market outcomes for different skill groups over time. The model successfully reproduces the VAR evidence and highlights the importance of endogenous firm entry and labor market frictions in generating the empirical dynamic responses of wage and unemployment across different skill groups. The third chapter investigates China's labor market's responses to its own trade liberalization, which is a relatively less explored topic compared to the relationship between the China shock and labor market changes in other countries. Using data from CHIP (Chinese Household Income Project), this chapter aims to fill this gap by estimating the effects of trade liberalization on Chinese local labor markets. In addition, it investigates changes in urban to rural wage inequality and skill premium in urban and rural areas separately with the availability of surveys conducted in urban and rural households. In the model, a dynamic general equilibrium framework with heterogeneous firms, heterogeneous workers and internal migration is employed to study the impact of policy-generated trade cost reduction and easing of migration restrictions on Chinese wage inequality. I focus on the role of labor mobility that characterizes the large rural-to-urban migration in the midst of trade liberalization in shaping skill premium and urban to rural wage inequality. Calibrating the changes in policy-generated migration cost reduction and trade cost decline, as well as productivity increase in the tradable sector, this paper analyzes the responses of different measures of wage inequality and other macroeconomics variables following these shocks. This dissertation highlights the role of interaction of firm dynamics, factor endowments and labor market frictions in shaping the labor market adjustments. The positive effects of offshoring on the labor market for workers regardless of skill levels suggest that more trade frictions designed to restrict offshoring is likely to hinder firm entry, which is a key driver that contributes to higher wages and lower unemployment rates of both skilled and unskilled workers over time. It also points to the importance of labor market reforms by showing that easing of migration restriction and search and matching frictions are both beneficial to exports and wages of all workers, with consequences of rising wage inequality though.
China S Growth And Integration Into The World Economy
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Author : Eswar Prasad
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2004-06-17
China S Growth And Integration Into The World Economy written by Eswar Prasad and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-06-17 with Business & Economics categories.
China’s transformation into a dynamic private-sector-led economy and its integration into the world economy have been among the most dramatic global economic developments of recent decades. This paper provides an overview of some of the key aspects of recent developments in China’s macroeconomy and economic structure. It also surveys the main policy challenges that will need to be addressed for China to maintain sustained high growth and continued global integration.
Essays On Market Structure
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Author : Feng Ruan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Essays On Market Structure written by Feng Ruan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
The Urbanization Of People
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Author : Eli Friedman
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2022-06-07
The Urbanization Of People written by Eli Friedman and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-07 with Political Science categories.
Amid a vast influx of rural migrants into urban areas, China has allowed cities wide latitude in providing education and other social services. While millions of people have been welcomed into the megacities as a source of cheap labor, local governments have used various tools to limit their access to full citizenship. The Urbanization of People reveals how cities in China have granted public goods to the privileged while condemning poor and working-class migrants to insecurity, constant mobility, and degraded educational opportunities. Using the school as a lens on urban life, Eli Friedman investigates how the state manages flows of people into the city. He demonstrates that urban governments are providing quality public education to those who need it least: school admissions for nonlocals heavily favor families with high levels of economic and cultural capital. Those deemed not useful are left to enroll their children in precarious resource-starved private schools that sometimes are subjected to forced demolition. Over time, these populations are shunted away to smaller locales with inferior public services. Based on extensive ethnographic research and hundreds of in-depth interviews, this interdisciplinary book details the policy framework that produces unequal outcomes as well as providing a fine-grained account of the life experiences of people drawn into the cities as workers but excluded as full citizens.
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Author : 李骏
language : zh-CN
Publisher: 社会科学文献出版社
Release Date : 2018-09-01
written by 李骏 and has been published by 社会科学文献出版社 this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-01 with Social Science categories.
本書運用嚴謹的量化方法研究了改革開放以來中國城市勞動力市場變遷背景下的社會分層。全書共三篇：一是舊制度的新變化，主要探討戶籍制、單位制、所有制等在改革與式微過程中帶來的分層機制的變化；二是勞動力市場分割，聚焦於新的分割維度的出現、不同分割維度的比較以及分割證據的縱向檢驗；三是大學生就業分化，專門研究大學畢業生這個特殊勞動力群體的內部分化。