Three Essays On The Policy Induced Effects On Household Welfare And Community Development
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Three Essays On The Policy Induced Effects On Household Welfare And Community Development
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Author : Licheng Xu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Three Essays On The Policy Induced Effects On Household Welfare And Community Development written by Licheng Xu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Public policy plays a vital role in almost every sector of the modern society. In particular, economic policies and regulations affect the decision-making process of market participants either directly or indirectly. The design and reform of economic policies often have intended or unintended micro-level consequences, affecting the welfare of ordinary households and the development of local communities. This dissertation investigates such policy-induced effects on three particular matters, with evidence from both China and the United States. In the context of China, reforms on the land tenure system and the household registration (hukou) system affect the land and labor allocation within rural households, resulting in changes to their economic welfare. On the other hand, in the U.S. context, the disbursement schedule of monthly food stamp benefits is directly linked to the consumption pattern of recipient households, which in turn affects the prevalence and severity of food security in the local communities. As such, a seemingly minor change in the timing of welfare payment can potentially lead to significant changes in the observed incidence of crime and violent conduct. Based on all the empirical findings, I discuss related policy implications accordingly in either context.
Three Essays On Location And Household Welfare
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Author : Ayesha Enver
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Three Essays On Location And Household Welfare written by Ayesha Enver and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Abstract: The underlying theme connecting my three chapters is the importance of location in influencing the dynamics of household welfare. I consider how economic forces associated with convergence in welfare across households and regions interplay with forces that spur divergence. If there exist increasing returns to community attributes in production, households in poorer communities may fall into a poverty trap. My first chapter, "Rural-Urban Migration and the Intergenerational Transmission of Wealth", explores the various channels by which rural-urban migration affects the intergenerational transmission of wealth in the rural region. I incorporate rural-urban migration, human capital externalities, and regional agglomeration effects into Galor and Zeira's (1993) overlapping generations model. I formalize the conditions that may induce a rural brain-drain and explore the welfare impacts of various person-based and place-based policies under different goods and housing production technologies. Simulations of the model show that for less fluidity in substitution between capital and land in housing technology, well-intended person-based policies such as education subsidies directed towards poorer rural households may distort incentives to migrate to the more productive region. However, the person-based policy does reduce inequality in the rural region and prevents households from falling into a poverty trap. On the other hand, the person-based policy facilitates migration to the city when there is greater technical substitutability in housing production. In the case of place-based policies, where tax revenues are invested in enhancing rural firm productivity, the benefits of the policy may not trickle down to the poorest rural households in the absence of substantial gains in productivity. Average rural household welfare is higher when a place-based policy is implemented but some households may still fall into a poverty trap. My second chapter, "Mobility and Poverty: The Impact of Population Change and Assisted Migration on Household Consumption Growth in Indonesia", evaluates the impact of village population changes and the transmigration program on household productivity in Indonesia using the Indonesian Family Life Survey. I first address possible endogeneity arising from the selection of transmigration sites in a model of household consumption growth by instrumental variables estimation. The initial IV estimation suggests that growth in village population is positively and significantly associated with household consumption growth, while the level of population is negatively associated with consumption growth. I further address the possibility that population change may be endogenous if community demand shocks correlated with higher productivity attracted households to the community. When population change is instrumented for, in addition to transmigration, the estimates for population increase and population levels cease to be significant. In terms of policy recommendations, the results do not indicate any benefits from transmigration, but they neither provide any evidence to substantiate the claims made by opponents of the program. The third chapter, "Is It Harder for Rural American Families to move up the Intergenerational Economic Ladder", is a preliminary analysis of how location affects intergenerational mobility of children from rural American households. I use wealth data from the U.S. Panel Study of Income Dynamics to explore whether children of parents who lived in a rural county are more tied, as adults, to their parent's wealth than children from suburban or urban families. OLS estimates show that economic status is significantly more persistent for families who lived in a rural county that was not adjacent to a metropolitan region. However, when parent's wealth is instrumented by education, the intergenerational wealth elasticity of rural families no longer remains significant.
Social Trust
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Author : Timothy C. Earle
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Social Trust written by Timothy C. Earle and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Confidence categories.
Equity And Well Being
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Author : Hyun Hwa Son
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-04-03
Equity And Well Being written by Hyun Hwa Son and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-03 with Business & Economics categories.
Equity is an abstract concept covering philosophical issues such as fairness and social justice, making its definition and measurement complex. This volume tackles these complexities head-on. The book is enriched with many empirical analyses and provides a comprehensive analysis of equity ranging from concepts and measurements to empirical illustrations and policy implications. After an extensive discussion on equity in the introduction, this volume begins with a chapter on well-being where the concepts of functioning and capability are discussed. This is followed by a few chapters on what an equitable distribution is and how equity can be measured. The volume then provides a definition and a methodology to measure equitable growth, examining the relationship between growth, inequality, and poverty. It also presents various empirical illustrations and country-specific experiences with three country case studies which assess whether publicly provided health and education services are equitable in developing Asia, examining the extent to which these social services favor the poor as well as the policy challenges to a more equitable delivery of these services. Finally, these country studies provide evidence–based policy recommendations to improve equity in social service delivery in developing countries. Achieving social equity has long been an important policy goal. There are relatively few studies on equity. This book aims to help fill this gap with an in-depth analysis of the issues associated with equity, covering its concept, measurement, and policy practices and implications.
Apais 1999 Australian Public Affairs Information Service
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: National Library Australia
Release Date :
Apais 1999 Australian Public Affairs Information Service written by and has been published by National Library Australia this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Dissertation Abstracts International
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Dissertation Abstracts International written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Dissertations, Academic categories.
American Doctoral Dissertations
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
American Doctoral Dissertations written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Dissertation abstracts categories.
Essays On Housing Supply Land Use Regulation And Regional Labourmarkets
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Author : Wouter Vermeulen
language : en
Publisher: Rozenberg Publishers
Release Date : 2003
Essays On Housing Supply Land Use Regulation And Regional Labourmarkets written by Wouter Vermeulen and has been published by Rozenberg Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Velocardiofacial syndrome categories.
Reflections On Economic Development
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Author : Michael P. Todaro
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Reflections On Economic Development written by Michael P. Todaro and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Business & Economics categories.
This collection of Todaro's essays focuses on a wide range of topics in economic development, including rural-urban migration, international legal and illegal migration, population growth, technological change, education, the environment and ethics.
The Social Division Of Welfare
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Author : Richard Morris Titmuss
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1956
The Social Division Of Welfare written by Richard Morris Titmuss and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1956 with Great Britain categories.