Three Essays On The Theory Of Trade Protection
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Three Essays On The Theory Of Trade Protection
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Author : Xenia Matschke
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Three Essays On The Theory Of Trade Protection written by Xenia Matschke and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.
Documents Concernant Jetta Goudal Vedette De Cin Ma
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date :
Documents Concernant Jetta Goudal Vedette De Cin Ma written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Three Essays On Oligopolistic Competition Product Differentiation And International Trade
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Author : Fayçal Régis Sinaceur
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Three Essays On Oligopolistic Competition Product Differentiation And International Trade written by Fayçal Régis Sinaceur and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Competition, International categories.
This Thesis presents three essays in the area of strategic trade theory and policy. The first essay presents an analysis of trade and welfare between countries with asymmetric conditions. A two-period two-country address model of product differentiation is examined in which firms face an initial period of autarky. Trade takes place in the subsequent period and firms fully anticipate switches in trade regimes. Results suggest that historical (domestic) conditions matter a lot on the international market place. Firms that come from countries with a larger market tend to develop longer product lines, which puts that country in a dominant position in international competition. The model is also used to analyse gains/losses from trade in relation to country size. The second essay investigates the differential effects of specific and ad-valorem tariffs on quality, price and welfare in an oligopolistic industry consisting of foreign and domestic firms. These effects are shown to depend on the location of the home and foreign firms in the quality spectrum. Both tariffs are ranked and conditions for either tariff to be welfare superior are derived. Finally, the third essay presents an analysis of trade policy with endogenous market structure. A "third market model" is specified. Using a simple framework in which industry structure is derived endogenously as the outcome of product line decisions by firms, we show that governments have an incentive to affect the equilibrium product composition by setting non-zero subsidy rates in order to maximize domestic welfare. Subsidies may be uniform or non-uniform across goods and the optimal policy exhibits strong discontinuities as domestic welfare maximization implies a switch of regimes.
Three Essays In International Trade Theory And Policy
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Author : Ruben Sargsyan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Three Essays In International Trade Theory And Policy written by Ruben Sargsyan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
Concerns over the possible loss of government revenue resulting from tariff reductions under trade liberalization have triggered many developing countries to opt for a strategy of raising destination-based consumption taxes on tradable goods. The first essay analyzes the welfare effects of a coordinated tariff reduction and domestic tax reform when the objective of a reforming country is to keep its government revenue unchanged. Assuming imperfect competition in an import-competing industry, we find that revenue-neutral reform involving tariff reduction and an increase in domestic tax rate may reduce domestic welfare under plausible assumptions. It also discusses the scenario in which the reforming country's objective is to keep domestic profit (or production) unchanged. We further identify the conditions under which a profit-neutral tariff and tax reform may be welfare-improving or welfare-deteriorating. The second essay uses a reciprocal-dumping model to examine the welfare effects of the Byrd Amendment (i.e., the Continued Dumping and Subsidy Offset Act, or CDSOA). It analyzes the differences in optimal tariffs set by the home and foreign governments when the home (i.e., the U.S.) government redistributes anti-dumping duties to its domestic firm under the new trade law, as compared to the traditional antidumping policy under which these duties are government revenues. We derive conditions under which the CDSOA may raise or lower the price of an import-competing good in the U.S. market. The results show that the CDSOA is an instrument of protectionism and strictly improves the home country welfare when markets are less competitive than in Cournot equilibrium. We find that under the same market characteristics, the new trade law strictly reduces foreign country welfare. The CDSOA's welfare effect is shown to be ambiguous, however, when markets are more competitive than Cournot. The third essay modifies the model presented in Essay 2 to allow for the scenario in which the foreign country strategically responds to the home country's CDSOA law by adopting similar trade law. The results show that the foreign country is able to enhance its national welfare when the import-competing markets are less competitive than in the Cournot equilibrium. We also discuss whether it is welfare-improving for the U.S. to voluntarily repeal the Byrd Amendment and restore the traditional antidumping policy, considering that, otherwise, its trading partner may also adopt the CDSOA law. We find that it is still in the best interest to the U.S. not to revoke the Byrd Amendment when markets are less competitive than Cournot. When markets are more competitive than Cournot, however, repealing the Amendment may turn out to be socially welfare-improving.
Three Essays On The Theory Of Multinational Firms
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Author : Vibhas Madan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Three Essays On The Theory Of Multinational Firms written by Vibhas Madan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Commercial policy categories.
Three Essays On International Trade
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Author : Jeheung Ryu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Three Essays On International Trade written by Jeheung Ryu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Agriculture categories.
"In the first essay of my dissertation, I examine how agricultural support affects the design of preferential trade agreements (PTAs). I hypothesize that democratic institutions that over-represent rural interests create incentives for leaders to negotiate flexible trade agreements to respond to the concerns of their agricultural constituents. To validate this argument, I construct a measure of flexibility using a Bayesian item response theory that treats flexibility as a latent characteristic of trade agreements. With this index and panel data covering 648 PTAs signed from 1948-2017, I find that political leaders are more likely to introduce flexibility provisions when entering into trade agreements as they confer more agricultural subsidies to farmers. Instrumental variables regression indicates that most of the effect of agricultural subsidies on flexibility provisions is attributable to rural malapportionment. In the second essay, I study which firm-level factors influence government's decisions to protect firms from increased import in the United States. After opening up domestic markets for more competition by making PTAs, the government seeks to protect "losers of trade" by providing financial assistance or imposing tariffs against competitors. Using a novel firm-level data I gathered, I find that firms' corporate political activity plays an important role in receiving government assistance and tariff protection. In addition, focusing on firms' geographic location, I find that firms located in US counties in which incumbent politicians lose the vote share in the last presidential election are more likely to receive the supports from government. The results imply that firm lobbying and geopolitical location influence government's trade protection policy. In the final essay, I consider the role of third parties in the WTO dispute settlement process and investigate how they contribute to the legalization of the WTO. Using an original dataset, covering all WTO disputes from 1995 to 2012, I find that third parties have heterogeneous motivations for participation and have different effects on dispute settlement and compliance. In particular, third parties that claim to have "systemic interests" help to accelerate dispute resolution and make respondents more likely to comply with rulings"--Pages viii-ix.
Endogenous Strategic Trade Policy Learning By Exporting And Foreign Direct Investment
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Endogenous Strategic Trade Policy Learning By Exporting And Foreign Direct Investment written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
The Protective Tariff In Canada S Development
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Author : J. H. Dales
language : en
Publisher: University of Toronto Press, Scholarly Publishing
Release Date : 1966-12
The Protective Tariff In Canada S Development written by J. H. Dales and has been published by University of Toronto Press, Scholarly Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1966-12 with Business & Economics categories.
Professor Dales attempts in these essays to bridge the gap between trade theory and the standard interpretation of Canadian development.
Essays In International Trade And Public Economics
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Author : Margarita M. Kalamova
language : en
Publisher: Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften
Release Date : 2012
Essays In International Trade And Public Economics written by Margarita M. Kalamova and has been published by Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Business & Economics categories.
The essays of this book are contributions to the empirical Literature in International Trade and Public Economics. They deal with the relationship between the structure and quality of the public sector and the process of economic integration. Two of the essays add to the empirical determinants of trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) and to the numerous applications of the theory of government decentralization. Decentralization tends to discourage inward FDI and domestic trade and to increase imports and exports. A third essay focuses on the effect of governments' intangible assets - such as consumer perceptions about countries and products from these countries - on FDI. A country's nation brand is shown to have a significant and large positive effect on investment flows.
The American Commercial Policy
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Author : Ugo Rabbeno
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015-07-04
The American Commercial Policy written by Ugo Rabbeno and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-04 with History categories.
Excerpt from The American Commercial Policy: Three Historical Essays The student of the great question of international trade cannot but be struck by the strange contrast between economic science and the actual state of things: on the one hand, science, which during the whole of this century has been endeavouring to perfect and complete the doctrines of Adam Smith and Ricardo, and which has built up a theory of international trade, esteemed one of its greatest triumphs, proclaiming harmony and union of human interests; on the other hand, history, which lays before us the sad spectacle of animosities and cruelly persistent struggles. The theory of free-trade is held by economists almost as a dogma of faith; history shows us in reality the mercantile policy and the colonial system of past centuries, and the protectionist policy so widely diffused at the present day. This divergency is rendered still more serious by the fact that the struggle which had been going on for so many years has so far influenced men's minds as to render a just and impartial judgment almost an impossibility; so that while one party holds that any deviation from the strict doctrine of free-trade, or any doubt or qualification, is an error to be condemned as a heresy, the other party maintains that the whole theory of free-trade is merely a Utopia, an abstract idea of absolutely no practical value. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.