Thrips Biology And Management
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Thrips Biology And Management
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Author : Bruce L. Parker
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11
Thrips Biology And Management written by Bruce L. Parker and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Science categories.
Thrips (fhysanoptera) are very small insects, widespread throughout the world with a preponderance of tropical species, many temperate ones, and even a few living in arctic regions. Of the approximately 5,000 species so far identified, only a few hundred are crop pests, causing serious damage or transmitting diseases to growing crops and harvestable produce in most countries. Their fringed wings confer a natural ability to disperse widely, blown by the wind. Their minute size and cryptic behavior make them difficult to detect either in the field or in fresh vegetation transported during international trade of vegetables, fruit and ornamental flowers. Many species have now spread from their original natural habitats and hosts to favorable new environments where they often reproduce rapidly to develop intense damaging infestations that are costly to control. Over the past decade there have been several spectacular examples of this. The western flower thrips has expanded its range from the North American continent to Europe, Australia and South Africa. Thrips palmi has spread from its presumed origin, the island of Sumatra, to the coast of Florida, and threatens to extend its distribution throughout North and South America. Pear thrips, a known orchard pest of Europe and the western United States and Canada has recently become a major defoliator of hardwood trees in Vermont and the neighboring states. Local outbreaks of other species are also becoming problems in field and glasshouse crops as the effectiveness of insecticides against them decline.
Biology And Management Of Barley Thrips
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Author : Barbara Ann Bates
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Biology And Management Of Barley Thrips written by Barbara Ann Bates and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Barley categories.
Species Complex Biology And Management Of Thrips On Grapes Cv Bangalore Blue
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Author : HARISH R
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Species Complex Biology And Management Of Thrips On Grapes Cv Bangalore Blue written by HARISH R and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
Biology And Management Of Thrips And Aphids On Arkansas Grown Cowpeas
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Author : Austin Key Jones
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Biology And Management Of Thrips And Aphids On Arkansas Grown Cowpeas written by Austin Key Jones and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Aphids categories.
Thrips As Crop Pests
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Author : Trevor Lewis
language : en
Publisher: Cabi
Release Date : 1997
Thrips As Crop Pests written by Trevor Lewis and has been published by Cabi this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Business & Economics categories.
A comprehensive treatise on thrips as crop pests set against a background covering basic biology, ecology, applied science and pest control.
Biological Pathways To Improve Pest Control In Agriculture
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Author : Manika Gupta
language : en
Publisher: Anchor Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2017-09-19
Biological Pathways To Improve Pest Control In Agriculture written by Manika Gupta and has been published by Anchor Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-19 with Science categories.
India is especially suitable for agricultural products, its vast plains containing alluvial soil with rich natural contents. The major economy of India is based on agricultural products. The green revolution in India brought high hopes for Indian farmers. Several new scientific information helped crop production to grow by leaps and bounds: the more researches, the more intricacies. Further knowledge of pests makes scientists consider several new solutions. The use of chemicals was immediately adopted to decimate the population of pests and, at first, good results were obtained. But later on, harmful effects of the pesticides became known. It was realized later on that the regular use of chemicals in pesticides is extremely dangerous for human health. Generally, chemical pesticides are used to curb the harmful effects of insects and pests. But the immediate gain of this process has an adverse effect on the environment in the long run. Regular use of chemicals leads to insecticide resistance. Then, biodiversity is distributed by pest resurgence and pesticide residues. So, the immediate gain of one generation creates serious problems for the next generation. To sustain agriculture towards its natural mode some new solutions are to be traced. The solution to reduce pesticides is present in the preference for biological management. Predators and parasitoids may be used as natural enemies. In order to gain control over the thrips pests by less harmful means for the agricultural crops, more research work needs to be done. Certain other methods have to be explored in favour of the environment, biodiversity and other useful flora and fauna. We need to maintain the tritrophic interactions in which eating relationships between several species may be traced for biological control.
Thrips In Cotton
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Author : Donald Ray Johnson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Thrips In Cotton written by Donald Ray Johnson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Cotton categories.
Study On Biological Control Of Some Pest Thrips Species Using Predatory Insects
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Author : Chuan Quing Ruan
language : en
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
Release Date : 2009-09-29
Study On Biological Control Of Some Pest Thrips Species Using Predatory Insects written by Chuan Quing Ruan and has been published by Cuvillier Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-29 with Science categories.
The current research aimed to study biological control of pest thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (PERGANDE) (Thy., Thripidae), Thrips tabaci LINDEMAN (Thy., Thripidae) and Gynaikothrips ficorum (MARCHAL) (Thy., Phlaeothripidae) using predatory bug species: Geocoris ochropterus FABR. (Het., Lygaeidae), Montandoniola moraguesi (PUTON) (Het., Anthocoridae), Orius similis ZHENG (Het., Anthocoridae) and Scipinia subula HSIAO et REN (Het., Reduviidae). Firstly, the biology and prey consumption of the four predatory bug species were experimented at temperature 25oC. In further research, G. ochropterus, which displayed high prey consumption, fecundity and long longevity, was selected to study its biology and prey consumption at temperatures 18 and 30oC. After that, its prey consumption in changing prey offer, the effect of extreme temperatures, its prey preference for prey ages and species, the effect of the different nutritions, as well as its cannibalism and the intraguild predation with O. similis were determined at temperature 25oC. Finally, greenhouse experiments were conducted to confirm the efficiency of G. ochropterus for the biological control of the pest thrips. Under laboratory conditions, the results showed that all the tested predators, except S. subula, were able to complete their life cycles with the three pest thrips species as prey at temperature 25oC. Among them, G. ochropterus was the most superior in terms of prey consumption, fecundity and longevity. Further experiments revealed that G. ochropterus displayed shorter life cycle, lower mortality, higher fecundity and daily prey consumption at temperature 30oC than at 18oC. In addition, G. ochropterus showed the adaptability to changing prey offer. It also developed well with considerably high prey consumption at extremely high constant and changing temperatures (35 and 35/25oC). Under extremely low temperature 3 and 6oC, the adults of G. ochropterus showed high tolerance. Moreover, G. ochropterus could exhibit prey preference for certain life stages of thrips, and clearly preferred pest thrips to the non-thrips prey species. Different nutritions affected the development and survival period of G. ochropterus, with the adult predators living for a considerable period of time on 10% honey emulsion. Its cannibalism and intraguild predation with O. similis occurred in the experiments, and reduced with sufficient prey availability. Under greenhouse conditions, releasing a pair of G. ochropterus adults per plant caused up to 92.1, 85.7, and 83.7% reductions in the populations of F. occidentalis, T. tabaci and G. ficorum, respectively.
Weed And Pest Control
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Author : Sonia Soloneski
language : en
Publisher: IntechOpen
Release Date : 2013-03-14
Weed And Pest Control written by Sonia Soloneski and has been published by IntechOpen this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-14 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book covers alternative insect control strategies, such as the allelopathy phenomenon, tactics in integrated pest management of opportunistic generalist insect species, biological control of root pathogens, insect pest control by polyculture strategy, application of several integrated pest management programs, irrigation tactics and soil physical processes, and carbon stocks to manage weeds.
Aspects Of The Biology And The Effects Of Traditional And Non Traditional Insecticides On Citrus Thrips And Avocado Thrips With The Objective Of Improving Integrated Pest Management
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Author : Deane Kathleen Zahn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Aspects Of The Biology And The Effects Of Traditional And Non Traditional Insecticides On Citrus Thrips And Avocado Thrips With The Objective Of Improving Integrated Pest Management written by Deane Kathleen Zahn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Avocado categories.
Citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri (Moulton), is a plant-feeding pest most widely recognized for damage caused to citrus and mango fruits. Citrus thrips have also become a significant pest in California's blueberries. Avocado thrips, Scirtothrips perseae Nakahara, is a pest of avocados (Persea americana Mill. [Lauraceae]) in California. Pesticides are often used to manage these two species of thrips and therefore, the likelihood of resistance development is high. There is increasing pressure in the United States to move away from broad-spectrum insecticides and focus on alternative methods of control, e.g., genetically modified crop plants expressing Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) toxins, use of biorational insecticides such as toxic Bt protein sprays and entomopathogens (such as various strains of Beauveria bassiana Balsamo, and other agents). Integrated pest management programs are essential for any agricultural commodity. The goal of the work described here is to add to the foundation of knowledge to improve the integrated pest management of citrus thrips and avocado thrips. The research conducted for this disseration (1) examined alternatives to traditional insecticides (Bt protein sprays and several strains of B. bassiana) to control both avocado and citrus thrips in the laboratory and resulted in no efficacy of the Bts tested but one strain of fungus, the commercially available strain was able to infect citrus thrips at field obtainable levels, (2) tested the commercially available strain in different formulations and water regimes against citrus thrips in blueberry fields which resulted in some control but not enough to strongly recommend this as an alternative to traditional pesticides, (3) evaluated the impact of some of the insecticides registered for avocado thrips management on the beneficial native predaceous mite Euseius hibisci Chant in avocado orchards and found that each of the pesticides harmed the mite but at varying levels and durations, (4) assessed citrus thrips oviposition on blueberry varieties with choice and no-choice tests and it was determined that citrus thrips likely oviposit to differing degrees in some plants over others, and finally (5) determined that citrus thrips in the Americas was actually a complex of species that were nearly morphologically identical but molecularly quite distinct.