Transport Phenomena In Thermoelectric And Ferromagnetic Nanostructures
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Transport Phenomena In Thermoelectric And Ferromagnetic Nanostructures
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Author : Johannes Kimling
language : en
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
Release Date : 2013-09-23
Transport Phenomena In Thermoelectric And Ferromagnetic Nanostructures written by Johannes Kimling and has been published by Cuvillier Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-23 with Science categories.
Research on transport phenomena in a variety of materials has played a decisive role in the development of solidstate physics and has led to important applications of functional materials, e.g. for the conversion and storage of energy or in the fi eld of storage and processing of data. This thesis deals with transport phenomena in nanoscale systems. The Seebeck effect is explored in Bi2Te3 nanowires, the anisotropic magnetothermal resistance effect in Ni nanowires, and the giant magnetothermal resistance effect in Co/Cu multilayers.
Transport Phenomena In Thermoelectric And Ferromagnetic Nanostructures
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Author : Johannes Georg Kimling
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Transport Phenomena In Thermoelectric And Ferromagnetic Nanostructures written by Johannes Georg Kimling and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Transport Phenomena In Micro And Nanoscale Functional Materials And Devices
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Author : Joao B. Sousa
language : en
Publisher: William Andrew
Release Date : 2021-03-23
Transport Phenomena In Micro And Nanoscale Functional Materials And Devices written by Joao B. Sousa and has been published by William Andrew this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-23 with Science categories.
Transport Phenomena in Micro- and Nanoscale Functional Materials and Devices offers a pragmatic view on transport phenomena for micro- and nanoscale materials and devices, both as a research tool and as a means to implant new functions in materials. Chapters emphasize transport properties (TP) as a research tool at the micro/nano level and give an experimental view on underlying techniques. The relevance of TP is highlighted through the interplay between a micro/nanocarrier’s characteristics and media characteristics: long/short-range order and disorder excitations, couplings, and in energy conversions. Later sections contain case studies on the role of transport properties in functional nanomaterials. This includes transport in thin films and nanostructures, from nanogranular films, to graphene and 2D semiconductors and spintronics, and from read heads, MRAMs and sensors, to nano-oscillators and energy conversion, from figures of merit, micro-coolers and micro-heaters, to spincaloritronics. Presents a pragmatic description of electrical transport phenomena in micro- and nanoscale materials and devices from an experimental viewpoint Provides an in-depth overview of the experimental techniques available to measure transport phenomena in micro- and nanoscale materials Features case studies to illustrate how each technique works Highlights emerging areas of interest in micro- and nanomaterial transport phenomena, including spintronics
Spin Dependent Transport In Magnetic Nanostructures
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Author : Sadamichi Maekawa
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2002-07-11
Spin Dependent Transport In Magnetic Nanostructures written by Sadamichi Maekawa and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-07-11 with Technology & Engineering categories.
In magnetic systems of nano-meter size, the interplay between spin and charge of electrons provides unique transport phenomena. In magnetic superlattices, magnetic and non-magnetic metallic thin films with thickness of the order of one nano-meter are piled-up alternately. Since the discovery of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in these superlattices in 1988, spin dependent transport phenomena in magnetic nanostructures have received much attention from both academic and technological points of view. Ferromagnetic tunnel junctions made of ferromagnetic metal electrodes and a very thin insulating barrier between them are also of current interest as magnetoresistive devices, where the tunneling current depends on the relative orientation of magnetization (TMR). In addition to magnetic superlattices and magnetic tunnel junctions, magnetic granular systems and magnetic dots have been studied extensively as magnetoresistive systems. Edited by two of the world's leading authorities, Spin Dependent Transport in Magnetic Nanostructures introduces and explains the basic physics and applications of a variety of spin-dependent transport phenomena in magnetic nanostructures with particular emphasis on magnetic multilayers and magnetic tunnel junctions.
Theory And Simulation Methods For Electronic And Phononic Transport In Thermoelectric Materials
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Author : Neophytos Neophytou
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-03-16
Theory And Simulation Methods For Electronic And Phononic Transport In Thermoelectric Materials written by Neophytos Neophytou and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-16 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book introduces readers to state-of-the-art theoretical and simulation techniques for determining transport in complex band structure materials and nanostructured-geometry materials, linking the techniques developed by the electronic transport community to the materials science community. Starting from the semi-classical Boltzmann Transport Equation method for complex band structure materials, then moving on to Monte Carlo and fully quantum mechanical models for nanostructured materials, the book addresses the theory and computational complexities of each method, as well as their advantages and capabilities. Presented in language that is accessible to junior computational scientists, while including enough detail and depth with regards to numerical implementation to tackle modern research problems, it offers a valuable resource for computational scientists and postgraduate researchers whose work involves the theory and simulation of electro-thermal transport in advanced materials.
Thermal And Thermoelectric Transport In Organic And Inorganic Nanostructures
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Author : Annie C. Weathers
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Thermal And Thermoelectric Transport In Organic And Inorganic Nanostructures written by Annie C. Weathers and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Thermal transport in nanowires and nanotubes has attached much attention due to their use in various functional devices and their use as a model system for low dimensional transport phenomena. The precise control of the crystal structure, defects, characteristic size, and electronic properties of nanowires has allowed for fundamental studies of phonon and electron transport in a variety of nanoscale systems. The thermal conductivity in nanostructured materials can vary greatly compared to bulk values owing to classical and quantum size effects. In this work, two model systems for investigating fundamental phonon transport were investigated for potential use in thermoelectric and thermal management applications. The thermoelectric properties of twin defect indium arsenide nanowires and the thermal conductivity of polythiophene nanofibers with improved polymer chain crystallinity were measured with a microfabricated measurement device. The effects of twin planes on reducing the mean free path of phonons in indium arsenide and the effects of improved chain alignment in increasing the thermal conductivity in polymer fibers is discussed.
Superconductor Ferromagnet Nanostructures An Illustration Of The Physics Of Hybrid Nanomaterials
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Author : Oriol T Valls
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2022-01-14
Superconductor Ferromagnet Nanostructures An Illustration Of The Physics Of Hybrid Nanomaterials written by Oriol T Valls and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-14 with Science categories.
It used to be difficult to reliably fabricate clean heterostructures using magnetic and superconducting layers. Today this is no longer the case; such reproducible superconductor/ferromagnet heterostructures enable the quantitative study of the rich and varied phenomena associated with ferromagnet/superconductor proximity effects. These structures are eminent, suitable candidates for many switching devices, ranging from non-volatile low power memory elements to quantum computing applications involving Josephson junctions.This book's main purpose is to explain how the equilibrium and transport properties of these heterostructures can be accurately calculated starting from a standard BCS type Hamiltonian. The main techniques, including both analytical and numerical methods, are discussed in detail. Results obtained from these calculations are shown to be in excellent quantitative agreement with experiment.This is a theory book, but the theory is neither abstruse nor esoteric. Knowledge of only introductory graduate physics has been assumed; a solid undergraduate training and a bit of perseverance would also be enough. This book can easily be read and understood by experimentalists, and just about anybody can grasp the basics by referring to the figures and explanations. Quite apart from the manifold applications of superconductor/ferromagnet nanostructures, studying them provides us with considerable insights into fundamental physics and the general study of hybrid nanomaterials.
Simultaneous Transport Measurements And Highly Resolved Domain Observation Of Ferromagnetic Nanostructures
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Author : Thomas Haug
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Simultaneous Transport Measurements And Highly Resolved Domain Observation Of Ferromagnetic Nanostructures written by Thomas Haug and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
Experimental And Theoretical Investigation Of Thermal And Thermoelectric Transport In Nanostructures
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Author : Arden Lot Moore
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Experimental And Theoretical Investigation Of Thermal And Thermoelectric Transport In Nanostructures written by Arden Lot Moore and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
This work presents the development and application of analytical, numerical, and experimental methods for the study of thermal and electrical transport in nanoscale systems, with special emphasis on those materials and phenomena which can be important in thermoelectric and semiconductor device applications. Analytical solutions to the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) using the relaxation time approximation (RTA) are presented and used to study the thermal and electrical transport properties of indium antimonide (InSb), indium arsenide (InAs), bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3), and chromium disilicide (CrSi2) nanowires. Experimental results for the thermal conductivity of single layer graphene supported by SiO2 were analyzed using an RTA-based model and compared to a full quantum mechanical numerical BTE solution which does not rely on the RTA. The ability of these models to explain the measurement results as well as differences between the two approaches are discussed. Alternatively, numerical solutions to the BTE may be obtained statistically through Monte Carlo simulation for complex geometries which may prove intractable for analytical methods. Following this approach, phonon transport in silicon (Si) sawtooth nanowires was studied, revealing that thermal conductivity suppression below the diffuse surface limit is possible. The experimental investigation of energy transport in nanostructures typically involved the use of microfabricated devices or non-contact optical methods. In this work, two such approaches were analyzed to ascertain their thermal behavior and overall accuracy as well as areas for possible improvement. A Raman spectroscopy-based measurement design for investigating the thermal properties of suspended and supported graphene was examined analytically. The resulting analysis provided a means of determining from measurement results the thermal interface conductance, thermal contact resistance, and thermal conductivity of the suspended and supported graphene regions. Previously, microfabricated devices of several different designs have been used to experimentally measure the thermal transport characteristics of nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes, nanowires, and thin films. To ascertain the accuracy and limitations of various microdevice designs and their associated conduction analyses, finite element models were constructed using ANSYS and measurements of samples of known thermal conductance were simulated. It was found that designs with the sample suspended were generally more accurate than those for which the sample is supported on a bridge whose conductance is measured separately. The effects of radiation loss to the environment of certain device designs were also studied, demonstrating the need for radiation shielding to be at temperatures close to that of the device substrate in order to accurately calibrate the resistance thermometers. Using a suspended microdevice like those analyzed using finite element analysis, the thermal conductivities of individual bismuth (Bi) nanowires were measured. The results were correlated with the crystal structure and growth direction obtained by transmission electron microscopy on the same nanowires. Compared to bulk Bi in the same crystal direction, the thermal conductivity of a single-crystal Bi nanowires of 232 nm diameter was found to be 3 - 6 times smaller than bulk between 100 K and 300 K. For polycrystalline Bi nanowires of 74 nm to 255 nm diameter the thermal conductivity was reduced by a factor of 18 - 78 over the same temperature range. Comparable thermal conductivity values were measured for polycrystalline nanowires of varying diameters, suggesting a grain boundary scattering mean free path for all heat carriers in the range of 15 - 40 nm which is smaller than the nanowire diameters. An RTA-based transport model for both charge carriers and phonons was developed which explains the thermal conductivity suppression in the single-crystal nanowire by considering diffuse phonon-surface scattering, partially diffuse surface scattering of electrons and holes, and scattering of phonons and charge carriers by ionized impurities such as oxygen and carbon of a concentration on the order of 1019 cm−3. Using a similar experimental setup, the thermoelectric properties (Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity) of higher manganese silicide (HMS) nanostructures were investigated. Bulk HMS is a passable high temperature thermoelectric material which possesses a complex crystal structure that could lead to very interesting and useful nanoscale transport properties. The thermal conductivities of HMS nanowires and nanoribbons were found to be reduced by 50 - 60 % compared to bulk values in the same crystal direction for both nanoribbons and nanowires. The measured Seebeck coefficient data was comparable or below that of bulk, suggesting unintentional doping of the samples either during growth or sample preparation. Difficulty in determining the amorphous oxide layer thickness for nanoribbons samples necessitated using the total, oxide-included cross section in the thermal and electrical conductivity calculation. This in turn led to the determined electrical conductivity values representing the lower bound on the actual electrical conductivity of the HMS core. From this approach, the measured electrical conductivity values were comparable or slightly below the lower end of bulk electrical conductivity values. This oxide thickness issue affects the determination of the HMS nanostructure thermoelectric figure of merit ZT as well, though the lower bound values obtained here were found to still be comparable to or slightly smaller than the expected bulk values in the same crystal direction. Analytical modeling also indicates higher doping than in bulk. Overall, HMS nanostructures appear to have the potential to demonstrate measurable size-induced ZT enhancement, especially if optimal doping and control over the crystallographic growth direction can be achieved. However, experimental methods to achieve reliable electrical contact to quality four-probe samples needs to be improved in order to fully investigate the thermoelectric potential of HMS nanostructures.
Transport In Multilayered Nanostructures The Dynamical Mean Field Theory Approach
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Author : James K Freericks
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2006-09-15
Transport In Multilayered Nanostructures The Dynamical Mean Field Theory Approach written by James K Freericks and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-09-15 with Science categories.
This novel book is the first comprehensive text on dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT), which has emerged over the past two decades as one of the most powerful new developments in many-body physics. Written by one of the key researchers in the field, the volume develops the formalism of many-body Green's functions using the equation of motion approach, which requires an undergraduate solid state physics course and a graduate quantum mechanics course as prerequisites. The DMFT is applied to study transport in multilayered nanostructures, which is likely to be one of the most prominent applications of nanotechnology in the coming years. The text is modern in scope focusing on exact numerical methods rather than the perturbation theory. Formalism is developed first for the bulk and then for the inhomogeneous multilayered systems. The science behind the metal-insulator transition, electronic charge reconstruction, and superconductivity are thoroughly described. The book covers complete derivations and emphasizes how to carry out numerical calculations, including discussions of parallel programing algorithms. Detailed descriptions of the crossover from tunneling to thermally activated transport, of the properties of Josephson junctions with barriers tuned near the metal-insulator transition, and of thermoelectric coolers and power generators are provided as applications of the theory./a