Two Dimensional Systems
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Two Dimensional Electron Systems
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Author : E.Y. Andrei
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Two Dimensional Electron Systems written by E.Y. Andrei and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Recent studies on two-dimensional systems have led to new insights into the fascinating interplay between physical properties and dimensionality. Many of these ideas have emerged from work on electrons bound to the surface of a weakly polarizable substrate such as liquid helium or solid hydrogen. The research on this subject continues to be at the forefront of modern condensed matter physics because of its fundamental simplicity as well as its connection to technologically useful devices. This book is the first comprehensive overview of experimental and theoretical research in this exciting field. It is intended to provide a coherent introduction for graduate students and non-experts, while at the same time serving as a reference source for active researchers in the field. The chapters are written by individuals who made significant contributions and cover a variety of specialized topics. These include the origin of the surface states, tunneling and magneto-tunneling out of these states, the phase diagram, collective excitations, transport and magneto-transport.
Binding And Scattering In Two Dimensional Systems
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Author : J. Timothy Londergan
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1999-11-17
Binding And Scattering In Two Dimensional Systems written by J. Timothy Londergan and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-11-17 with Science categories.
This monograph is accessible to anyone with an undergraduate background in quantum mechanics, electromagnetism and some solid state physics. It describes in detail the properties of particles and fields in quasi-two-dimensional systems used to approximate realistic quantum heterostructures. Here the authors treat wires, i.e. they assume an infinite hard-wall potential for the system. They discuss bound states, the properties of transmission and reflection, conductance, etc. It is shown that the simple models developed in this book in detail are capable of understanding even complex physical phenomena. The methods are applied to optical states in photonic crystals, and similarities and differences between those and electronic states in quantum heterostructures and electromagnetic fields in waveguides are discussed.
H Infinity Control And Filtering Of Two Dimensional Systems
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Author : Chungling Du
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2003-07-01
H Infinity Control And Filtering Of Two Dimensional Systems written by Chungling Du and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-07-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Over the past decades a considerable interest has been concentrated on problems involving signals and systems that depend on more than one variable. 2-D signals and systems have been studied in relation to several modern engineering fields such as process control, multidimensional digital filtering, image enhancement, image deblurring, signal processing etc. Among the major results developed so far, 2-D digital filters are investigated as a description in frequency domain or as a convolution of the input and the unit response, which has a great potential for practical applications in 2-D image and signal processing. This monograph aims to address several problems of control and filtering of 2-D discrete systems. Specifically the problems of Hinfinity filtering, Hinfinity control, stabilization, Hinfinity model reduction as well as Hinfinity deconvolution filtering of 2-D linear discrete systems are treated.
Spin Orbit Coupling Effects In Two Dimensional Electron And Hole Systems
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Author : Roland Winkler
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2003-10-10
Spin Orbit Coupling Effects In Two Dimensional Electron And Hole Systems written by Roland Winkler and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-10-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The first part provides a general introduction to the electronic structure of quasi-two-dimensional systems with a particular focus on group-theoretical methods. The main part of the monograph is devoted to spin-orbit coupling phenomena at zero and nonzero magnetic fields. Throughout the book, the main focus is on a thorough discussion of the physical ideas and a detailed interpretation of the results. Accurate numerical calculations are complemented by simple and transparent analytical models that capture the important physics.
Two Dimensional Systems Physics And New Devices
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Author : Günther Bauer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
Two Dimensional Systems Physics And New Devices written by Günther Bauer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.
In the series of International Winter Schools on New Developments in Solid State Physics, the fourth one was devoted to the subject: "Two Dimensional Systems: Physics and Devices". For the second time the pro ceedings of one of these Winter Schools appear as a volume in the Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences (the earlier proceedings were published as Vol. 53). The school was held in the castle of MauterndorfjSalzburg (Austria) February 24-28, 1986. These proceedings contain contributions ba:sed on the thirty invited lectures. The school was attended by 179 registered participants (40% students), who came from western European countries, the United States of America, Japan, the People's Republic of China and Poland. As far as the subjects are conterned, several papers deal with the growth and characterization of heterostructures. Dynamical RHEED tech niques are described as a tool for in situ studies of MBE growth mech anisms. Various growth techniques, including MBE, MOMBE, MOCVD and modifications of these, are discussed. The limiting fa.ctors for the carrier mobilities and the inftuence of the spacer thickness in single het erostructures of GaAs/GaAIAs seem to be understood and are no longer a matter of controversy. In addition, the growth of two fascinating systems, Si/SiGe and Hg _ Cd Te/CdTe, is discussed in detail
Two Dimensional Crystals
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Author : A. G. Naumovets
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Two Dimensional Crystals written by A. G. Naumovets and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Science categories.
This is a self-contained, tutorial introduction to two-dimensional crystal science and technology. Including concise descriptions of experimental methods and results from fundamental theoretical concepts, this book covers a broad range of two-dimensional structures--from overlayers to freestanding films. All those with an active interest in surface science and statistical physics will find this book to be an essential reference work. - Presents a coherent overview of experimental methods and theoretical background of two-dimensional crystal physics - Provides a tutorial overview of continuous melting of two-dimensional crystals, roughening transitions, wetting phenomena, and commensurate-incommensurate transitions
Discrete Dynamical Systems
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Author : Oded Galor
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-05-17
Discrete Dynamical Systems written by Oded Galor and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-17 with Business & Economics categories.
This book provides an introduction to discrete dynamical systems – a framework of analysis that is commonly used in the ?elds of biology, demography, ecology, economics, engineering, ?nance, and physics. The book characterizes the fundamental factors that govern the quantitative and qualitative trajectories of a variety of deterministic, discrete dynamical systems, providing solution methods for systems that can be solved analytically and methods of qualitative analysis for those systems that do not permit or necessitate an explicit solution. The analysis focuses initially on the characterization of the factors that govern the evolution of state variables in the elementary context of one-dimensional, ?rst-order, linear, autonomous systems. The f- damental insights about the forces that a?ect the evolution of these - ementary systems are subsequently generalized, and the determinants of the trajectories of multi-dimensional, nonlinear, higher-order, non- 1 autonomous dynamical systems are established. Chapter 1 focuses on the analysis of the evolution of state variables in one-dimensional, ?rst-order, autonomous systems. It introduces a method of solution for these systems, and it characterizes the traj- tory of a state variable, in relation to a steady-state equilibrium of the system, examining the local and global (asymptotic) stability of this steady-state equilibrium. The ?rst part of the chapter characterizes the factors that determine the existence, uniqueness and stability of a steady-state equilibrium in the elementary context of one-dimensional, ?rst-order, linear autonomous systems.
Two Dimensional Systems Heterostructures And Superlattices
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Author : G. Bauer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Two Dimensional Systems Heterostructures And Superlattices written by G. Bauer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This volume contains the proceedings of the International Winter School on "Heterostructures and Two-Dimensional Electronic Systems in Semiconductors". The school took place in Mauterndorf, Austria, from February 26 - March 2, 1984, and was the third one in a series of winter schools on "New Develop ments in Solid-State Physics", organized by the Austrian Physical Society, Solid State Physics Division. The school was attended by about 150 scientists from 12 countries, including the United States of America, Japan and Poland. Most of the research groups of Western Europe working in this field participated and demonstrated the still increasing interest in the topics. These topics cover the wide area ranging from fundamental phenomena in solid-state physics, like the quantum Hall effect, to new semiconductor devices, all based on two-dimensional elec tronic systems. We hope that the spirit of this school, the combination of basic and applied physics (including skiing) will stimulate further progress in this field of research. This conference was sponsored by the Austrian Physical Society, Austrian Federal Ministry for Science and Research, European Research Office of the US Army, European Office of Aerospace Research and Development, Federal Province of Salzburg, and Osterreichische Forschungsgemeinschaft Further financial support came from the following companies: Balzers, IBM Austria, Messer-Griesheim, Oxford Instruments, Klaus Schafer & Co., Siemens Osterreich and Varian.
Low Dimensional Systems Theory Preparation And Some Applications
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Author : Luis M. Liz-Marzán
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2003
Low Dimensional Systems Theory Preparation And Some Applications written by Luis M. Liz-Marzán and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Nanostructured materials categories.
The term low-dimensional systems, which is used in the title of this volume, refers to those systems which contain at least one dimension that is intermediate between those characteristic of atoms/molecules and those of the bulk material. Depending on how many dimensions lay within this range, one generally speaks of quantum wells, quantum wires, and quantum dots. At such an intermediate state, some properties of low-dimensional systems are very different from those of their molecular and bulk counterparts. These properties generally include optical, electronic, and magnetic properties, and all these are partially covered in this book. The book's main thrust is a discussion of the actual state of the art in the broad area of nanotechnology. The initial focus is on the innovative synthesis of nanomaterials and their properties, such as quantum size effects, superparamagnetism, or field emission. These topics lead into the various field-based interactions, including plasmon-magnetic-spin- and exciton coupling. The newer, more sophisticated methods for characterizing nanomaterials are discussed, as well as the methods for possible industrial applications. In general, chemists and physicists, as well as experts on both theory and experiments on nanosized regime structures meet here to discuss the general phenomena underlying their fields of interest from different points of view.
Low Dimensional Systems
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Author : Tobias Brandes
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2000-04-05
Low Dimensional Systems written by Tobias Brandes and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-04-05 with Science categories.
Experimental progress over the past few years has made it possible to test a n- ber of fundamental physical concepts related to the motion of electrons in low dimensions. The production and experimental control of novel structures with typical sizes in the sub-micrometer regime has now become possible. In parti- lar, semiconductors are widely used in order to con?ne the motion of electrons in two-dimensional heterostructures. The quantum Hall e?ect was one of the ?rst highlights of the new physics that is revealed by this con?nement. In a further step of the technological development in semiconductor-heterostructures, other arti?cial devices such as quasi one-dimensional ‘quantum wires’ and ‘quantum dots’ (arti?cial atoms) have also been produced. These structures again di?er very markedly from three- and two-dimensional systems, especially in relation to the transport of electrons and the interaction with light. Although the technol- ical advances and the experimental skills connected with these new structures are progressing extremely fast, our theoretical understanding of the physical e?ects (such as the quantum Hall e?ect) is still at a very rudimentary level. In low-dimensional structures, the interaction of electrons with one another and with other degrees of freedoms such as lattice vibrations or light gives rise to new phenomena that are very di?erent from those familiar in the bulk ma- rial. The theoretical formulation of the electronic transport properties of small devices may be considered well-established, provided interaction processes are neglected.