Two Essays On Social Networks
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Two Essays On Social Networks
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Author : Yann Bramoullé
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Two Essays On Social Networks written by Yann Bramoullé and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Game theory categories.
Two Essays On Social Network Marketing
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Author : Chen, Xi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Two Essays On Social Network Marketing written by Chen, Xi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Online social networks categories.
Essays On Social Networks
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Author : Anja Prummer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Essays On Social Networks written by Anja Prummer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Game theory categories.
This thesis explores the role of social networks in economic decision making. In the first chapter I am interested in optimal targeting in networks. In particular, I analyze what happens when two opposing lobby groups consider the politician not only as an individual, but as part of a network, who influences other politicians. I model the network structure explicitly and allow for heterogeneous politicians, that is politicians can be in favour of one of the lobby groups or neutral. The optimal targeting strategy depends on how much politicians influence each other, the magnitude of their bias, their centrality in the network and what bias the politicians connected to them have. In the second chapter, we build a theory that connects differences in workers' social networks to disparities in their labour market performance. A worker with more friends, that is someone with more network links (higher degree), has better access to information. A worker whose friends are friends among each other (higher clustering coefficient) faces a higher level of peer pressure. Both access to information and peer pressure affect performance on the job. Our model allows us to rank different networks in terms of job performance. We then proceed to show that men's and women's networks differ. Men have a higher degree than women, but women have a higher clustering coefficient. These network disparities translate into differences in performance as well as wages, thereby offering a novel explanation for the gender wage gap. The third chapter offers a novel explanation for differences in the integration experience of immigrant communities in host societies through a model which emphasises the role of group leaders. We present a model of integration with distinct channels for social influence and skills acquisition and with a role for group leaders that benefit from their groups maintaining a distinct identity. In the long run, full integration is achieved only with flexible leaders, which themselves adapt over time. In the presence of rigid leaders that adopt an inflexible position, integration can remain incomplete, with integration levels higher for individuals of higher ability.
Social Networks An Essay
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Author : Patrick Pearse
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2014-03-17
Social Networks An Essay written by Patrick Pearse and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-17 with Computers categories.
Dana M Boyd describes the online social networks as “web-based services that allow people to build a public or public-private profile within a bounded system, to establish a list of other users with whom they share a connection, and to examine the list of links created by other users in the system.” In social networks the goal is understanding, establishing and maintaining contacts, or working on a specific cause. The typical and widely-known social networks are Facebook, Linkedin, Myspace, etc. Another definition of the term “social network” says that “The social network is a social structure of nodes (representing mostly individuals or organizations) linked by specific types of nodes such as ideas, opinions, financial benefits, friendship, tradition, hyperlinks and more. In its simplest form, the social network is a map of all the relative links between nodes that are being studied. These concepts are usually represented by a social network diagram, where nodes are the points and ties are the lines.”
Information Propagation On The Web 2 0
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Author : Mark Elsner
language : en
Publisher: Marketing im globalen Wettbewerb / Marketing & Global Competition
Release Date : 2012
Information Propagation On The Web 2 0 written by Mark Elsner and has been published by Marketing im globalen Wettbewerb / Marketing & Global Competition this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Business networks categories.
The diffusion of the Internet has considerably changed the basic principles of information exchange into a structure that is now enabling user-driven information propagation across most markets that was not possible in the previous era of unidirectional mass communication. This study focuses on the submitters' social networks to explain these new propagation processes. Large datasets from a social news site are used to show that it is the size, structure and activity of such networks that mainly influence whether or not certain content achieves a prominent level. Message and content-related factors seem of only marginal importance - at least until the respective content exceeds a threshold of public attention.
Essays On Social Networks And Information Worker Productivity
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Author : Lynn Wu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Essays On Social Networks And Information Worker Productivity written by Lynn Wu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
In this thesis, I examine how information, information technology, and social networks affect information worker productivity. The work is divided into three essays based on tracking detailed communication patterns of information workers in the high-tech industry. Essay 1: "Social Network Effects on Performance and Layoffs: Evidence from the Adoption of a Social Networking Tool." By studying the changes in employees' networks and performance before and after the introduction of a social networking tool, I find that a structurally diverse network (low in cohesion and rich in structural holes) has a positive effect on work performance. The size of the effect is smaller than traditional estimates, suggesting that omitted individual characteristics may bias the estimated network effect. I consider two intermediate mechanisms by which a structurally diverse network is theorized to improve work performance, information diversity (instrumental) and social communication (expressive), and quantify their effects on two types of work outcomes: billable revenue and layoffs. Analysis shows that the information diversity derived from a structurally diverse network is more correlated with generating billable revenue than is social communication. However, the opposite is true for layoffs. Friendship, as approximated by social communication, is more correlated with reduced layoff risks than is information diversity. Field interviews suggest that friends can serve as advocates in critical situations, ensuring that favorable information is distributed to decision makers. This, in turn, suggests that having a structurally diverse network can drive both work performance and job security, but that there is a tradeoff between either mobilizing friendship or gathering diverse information. Essay 2: "Identification of Influence: An Experimental Platform for Understanding the Relationship between Social Networks and Performance." This study creates an experimental platform for identifying the relationship between social networks and performance. While a large body of literature has examined the correlations between certain network topologies and performance, little research has shown a definitive causal linkage. I address this problem through conducting three sets of randomized field experiments using an on-line experimental platform at a large information technology firm. The platform enables randomly selected employees to achieve certain network characteristics. By examining work performance before and after the experiment, I plan to show the causal relationship between networks and productivity. Essay 3: "Water Cooler Networks: Performance Implications of Informal Face-to-Face Interaction Structures in Information-Intensive Work." This study examines the performance characteristics of face-to-face interaction networks and finds that their structural properties are important for effective knowledge transfer and productivity. We argue that network theory should incorporate the implications of media choice, and particularly differences between face-to- face and electronic communication, when assessing how networks affect individual performance. We introduce a new methodology, using Sociometric badges, to record precise data on face-to-face interaction networks for a group of workers in a large IT manufacturing firm over a one-month period. Linking these data to detailed performance metrics, we find that 1) network cohesion is associated with higher worker productivity, in contrast to previous findings in email data; 2) cohesion in face-to-face networks is associated with even higher performance during complex tasks, suggesting that cohesion complements information-rich media for transferring the complex knowledge needed to complete such tasks; 3) while information-seeking from many colleagues creates disruptions, more interactions with a few key strong-tie informants speeds up work. Face-to-face networks have more explanatory power than physical-proximity networks, suggesting that information flows in actual conversations (rather than individuals' correlated exposure to common environmental factors through physical proximity) are driving our results. These results augment our understanding of how media choice and network structure interact, shedding light on the organizational effects of face-to-face interaction. The methods and techniques we introduce are replicable, creating opportunities for new lines of research into the consequences of face-to-face interaction in organizations.
Essays On Social Influence Network Effects And Use Of Social Media In Impacting Consumer Behavior
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Author : Kamer Toker Yildiz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Essays On Social Influence Network Effects And Use Of Social Media In Impacting Consumer Behavior written by Kamer Toker Yildiz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
The wide adoption of the Internet and social media has changed how consumers communicate amongst themselves and how companies communicate with their customers. Therefore, investigating the role of social interactions is important in understanding how consumers influence each other through online as well as offline channels for both marketing researchers, and companies that wish to leverage social media more effectively. This dissertation consists of two essays focusing on social influence, network effects and their marketing implications in today's socially engaged world. The first essay focuses on peer influence and studies the differential impact of online and offline social interactions on consumer's repeat usage behavior, and the effectiveness of monetary incentives in the presence of these social interactions. For this purpose, we develop a modeling framework that parses out the impacts of these individual effects and investigates their relative impact on behavior using a unique data set from a wellness program. We find that the effect of online interactions does indeed vary significantly in the presence of offline interactions and that ignoring the latter may well bias the estimates of the former. Furthermore, our results show that monetary incentives relative to social interactions have a significant, though lesser impact on repeat usage behavior. We finally offer several strategic implications by exploring a variety of scenarios through simulation analysis based on the model estimates. The second essay introduces anonymous others ("non-peer") influence in addition to peer influence and compares the relative influence of these two sources on consumers' product evaluations in an experimental setting. We show that contrary to the existing intuition, peers are not always more influential than non-peers and that the influence of these two sources depends on the proportion of people who endorse the product (i.e. , endorsement status: majority/minority endorsement). Interestingly, we find that peers have more positive influence than non-peers only under minority (but not majority) endorsement (experiment 1). We further show that peer influence manifests under minority endorsement because of consumers' endorsement and product fit perceptions (experiment 2). However, this effect diminishes if the endorsement is framed negatively (experiment 3) and gets stronger when the numeric size of the source is large (experiment 4). We discuss these findings in light of prevailing source influence theories and offer suggestions for marketing actions and firm strategy. We believe that this dissertation contributes not only to the marketing literature but also to other disciplines including social psychology, economics and operations research while offering useful implications for companies leveraging social media for both internal and external purposes.
Essays On Social Networks In Development Economics
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Author : Arun Gautham Chandrasekhar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Essays On Social Networks In Development Economics written by Arun Gautham Chandrasekhar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
(cont.) substitutes for commitment. On net, savings allows individuals to smooth risk that cannot be shared interpersonally, with the largest benefits for those who are weakly connected in the network. The final chapter (co-authored with my classmates Horacio Larreguy and Juan Pablo Xandri) attempts to determine which models of social learning on networks best describe empirical behavior. Theory has focused on two leading models of social learning on networks: Bayesian and DeGroot rules of thumb learning. These models can yield greatly divergent behavior; individuals employing rules of thumb often double-count information and may not exhibit convergent behavior in the long run. By conducting a unique lab experiment in rural Karnataka, India, set up to exactly differentiate between these two models, we test which model best describes social learning processes on networks. We study experiments in which seven individuals are placed into a network, each with full knowledge of its structure. The participants attempt to learn the underlying (binary) state of the world. Individuals receive independent, identically distributed signals about the state in the first period only; thereafter, individuals make guesses about the underlying state of the world and these guesses are transmitted to their neighbors at the beginning of the following round. We consider various environments including incomplete information Bayesian models and provide evidence that individuals are best described by DeGroot models wherein they either take simple majority of opinions in their neighborhood.
Advantages And Disadvantages Of Using Social Networks In Business
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Author : Caroline Mutuku
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2018-02-08
Advantages And Disadvantages Of Using Social Networks In Business written by Caroline Mutuku and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-08 with Business & Economics categories.
Essay from the year 2017 in the subject Business economics - Marketing, Corporate Communication, CRM, Market Research, Social Media, grade: 1.8, , language: English, abstract: In the contemporary world, there is no business without communication. To most entrepreneurs in the 21st century, social media use in business is seemingly the "next big thing". The emergence of an online technology that allows reaching of big crowds without necessarily meeting them has presented a temporary yet essential fad that ought to be appropriately made use of while it is still in the spotlight. To this group of entrepreneurs, reaching out the virtual market has presented itself as a stepping-stone to, not only establish their brands, but also to make it earn acceptance in the market. Others have even gone further to establish online shops where customers can easily order and wait for their products to be delivered without having to necessarily visit the product stores. Unfortunately, however, there exists a population to which social media marketing is a buzzword without any practical advantage and steep. They envision it to be a complicated learning curve that further makes their business life unexpectedly complex. With regards to the different approaches to social media, this paper will look at both the negative and the positive aspects of using social media as a tool for running business operations.
Essays On Social Media Social Influence And Social Comparison
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Author : Qian Tang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Essays On Social Media Social Influence And Social Comparison written by Qian Tang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Social networking and social media technologies have greatly changed the way information is created and transmitted. Social media has made content contribution an efficient approach for individual brand building. With abundant user generated content and social networks, content consumers are constantly subject to social influence. Such social influence can be further utilized to encourage pro-social behavior. Chapter 1 examines the incentives for content contribution in social media. We propose that exposure and reputation are the major incentives for contributors. Besides, as more and more social media websites offer advertising-revenue sharing with some of their contributors, shared revenue provides an extra incentive for contributors who have joined revenue-sharing programs. We develop a dynamic structural model to identify a contributor's underlying utility function from observed contribution behavior. We recognize the dynamic nature of the content-contribution decision--that contributors are forward-looking, anticipating how their decisions impact future rewards. Using data collected from YouTube, we show that content contribution is driven by a contributor's desire for exposure, revenue sharing, and reputation and that the contributor makes decisions dynamically. Chapter 2 examines how social influence impact individuals' content consumption decisions in social network. Specifically, we consider social learning and network effects as two important mechanisms of social influence, in the context of YouTube. Rather than combining both social learning and network effects under the umbrella of social contagion or peer influence, we develop a theoretical model and empirically identify social learning and network effects separately. Using a unique data set from YouTube, we find that both mechanisms have statistically and economically significant effects on video views, and which mechanism dominates depends on the specific video type. Chapter 3 studies incentive mechanism to improve users' pro-social behavior based on social comparison. In particular, we aim to motivate organizations to improve Internet security. We propose an approach to increase the incentives for addressing security problems through reputation concern and social comparison. Specifically, we process existing security vulnerability data, derive explicit relative security performance information, and disclose the information as feedback to organizations and the public. To test our approach, we conducted a field quasi-experiment for outgoing spam for 1,718 autonomous systems in eight countries. We found that the treatment group subject to information disclosure reduced outgoing spam approximately by 16%. Our results suggest that social information and social comparison can be effectively leveraged to encourage desirable behavior.