Underclass 7

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Underclass

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Author : John Welshman
language : en
Publisher: A&C Black
Release Date : 2007-01-10

Underclass written by John Welshman and has been published by A&C Black this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-10 with History categories.

Who are those at the bottom of society? There has been much discussion in recent years, on both Left and Right, about the existence of an alleged 'underclass' in both Britain and the USA. It has been claimed this group lives outside the mainstream of society, is characterised by crime, suffers from long-term unemployment and single parenthood, and is alienated from its core values. In Underclass: A History of the Excluded, 1880-2000 John Welshman shows that there have always been concerns about an 'underclass', whether constructed as the 'social residuum' of the 1880s, the 'problem family' of the 1950s or the 'cycle of deprivation' of the 1970s. There are marked differences between these concepts, but also striking continuities. Indeed a concern with an 'underclass' has is many ways been as long as an interest in poverty itself. This book is the first to look systematically at the question, providing new insights on contemporary debates about behaviour, poverty and welfare reform. In a speech in 2006, Tony Blair signalled a major push on social exclusion. He aimed to show the Government's determination to tackle 'a hard core underclass' estimated at 1 m people. The focus in Whitehall had moved to what were termed 'high-risk, high-harm and high-cost families', and to children in care, teenage mothers, and people with mental health problems on benefit. In all of this, the rhetoric of a 'cycle of deprivation', and of inter-generational continuities, was ever-present, and it is those continuities that this book seeks to explore.

Ethnicity And Inequality

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Author : Robert M. Jiobu
language : en
Publisher: SUNY Press
Release Date : 1990-01-01

Ethnicity And Inequality written by Robert M. Jiobu and has been published by SUNY Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990-01-01 with Social Science categories.

This book is a study of the relationship between ethnicity and socioeconomic status. it is the first to empirically study both the white and nonwhite underclass. Jiobu uses United States census data on twenty ethnic groups including specific white groups and specific nonwhite groups. Using the 1980 national census, which contains information on ancestry for the first time, Jiobu demonstrates that it is possible to define ethnic groups in new ways, such as drawing a distinction between race and ethnicity. Ethnicity and Inequality tests numerous theories and examines several important questions for ethnic relations: What is the demographic structure underlying the various groups? How can ethnicity, sex, and inequality be explained? Who gains from ethnic inequality? The author concludes by outlining a way to draw the diversity of findings under a single theoretical umbrella.

A New Introduction To Poverty

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Author : Louis Kushnick
language : en
Publisher: NYU Press
Release Date : 1999

A New Introduction To Poverty written by Louis Kushnick and has been published by NYU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Political Science categories.

Since the end of the Second World War, poverty in the United States has been a persistent focus of social anxiety, public debate, and federal policy. This volume argues convincingly that we will not be able to reduce or eliminate poverty until we take the political factors that contribute to its continuation into account. Ideal for course use, A New Introduction to Poverty opens with a historical overview of the major intellectual and political debates surrounding poverty in the United States. Several factors have received inadequate attention: the impact of poverty on women; the synergy of racism and poverty; race and gender stratification of the workplace; and, crucially, the ways in which the powerful use their resources to maintain the economic status quo. Contributors include Mimi Abramovitz, Peter Alcock, Bonnie Thornton Dill, Raymond Franklin, Herman George Jr., Michael B. Katz, Marlene Kim, Rebecca Morales, Sandra Patton, Valerie Polakow, Jackie Pope, Jill Quadagno, David C. Ranney, Barbara Ransby, Bette Woody, and Maxine Baca Zinn.

Criminal Justice 2000 Policies Processes And Decisions Of The Criminal Justice System

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000

Criminal Justice 2000 Policies Processes And Decisions Of The Criminal Justice System written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Crime analysis categories.

Getting It Wrong

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Author : Algernon Austin
language : en
Publisher: iUniverse
Release Date : 2006

Getting It Wrong written by Algernon Austin and has been published by iUniverse this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Social Science categories.

Black public intellectuals, from liberal to conservative, are all talking about how black America is degenerating culturally. But there is little concrete evidence for this conclusion. In most areas of life, black Americans have made significant positive progress since the Civil Rights era. Blacks are still economically worse off than whites, but black poverty has declined and the black middle class has grown since the 1960s. More blacks graduate from college today than ever before. Black communities are much safer now than during the peak crack epidemic years of the late 1980s and early 1990s. The blackteenage pregnancy rate has fallen dramatically since the 1960s. All of these facts contradict the assertions of black cultural decline. While negative images of blacks abound in American popular culture, there is no evidence that these images accurately represent most real black Americans. In Getting It Wrong, sociologist Algernon Austin carefully examines the data on black Americans and separates myth from fact.

Rediscovering Urban America

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Author : Jack Sommer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993

Rediscovering Urban America written by Jack Sommer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Inner cities categories.

Why America Lost The War On Poverty And How To Win It

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: ReadHowYouWant.com
Release Date :

Why America Lost The War On Poverty And How To Win It written by and has been published by ReadHowYouWant.com this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.

The War On Welfare

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Author : Marisa Chappell
language : en
Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press
Release Date : 2010

The War On Welfare written by Marisa Chappell and has been published by University of Pennsylvania Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with History categories.

Focusing on the fate of the federal Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program, this comprehensive history of the thirty year war over welfare shows how stubborn allegiance to the male-headed household undermined the struggle for economic justice.

Making Crime Pay

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Author : Katherine Beckett
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1999-11-18

Making Crime Pay written by Katherine Beckett and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-11-18 with Political Science categories.

Most Americans are not aware that the US prison population has tripled over the past two decades, nor that the US has the highest rate of incarceration in the industrialized world. Despite these facts, politicians from across the ideological spectrum continue to campaign on "law and order" platforms and to propose "three strikes"--and even "two strikes"--sentencing laws. Why is this the case? How have crime, drugs, and delinquency come to be such salient political issues, and why have enhanced punishment and social control been defined as the most appropriate responses to these complex social problems? Making Crime Pay: Law and Order in Contemporary American Politics provides original, fascinating, and persuasive answers to these questions. According to conventional wisdom, the worsening of the crime and drug problems has led the public to become more punitive, and "tough" anti-crime policies are politicians' collective response to this popular sentiment. Katherine Beckett challenges this interpretation, arguing instead that the origins of the punitive shift in crime control policy lie in the political rather than the penal realm--particularly in the tumultuous period of the 1960s.

Ethnographic Research

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Author : Dr Stephanie Taylor
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2001-08-15

Ethnographic Research written by Dr Stephanie Taylor and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-08-15 with Social Science categories.

A clear demonstration of a range of ethnographic research techniques that offer a profound understanding of the subjects of the investigations and will undoubtedly stimulate many considering some form of research to assess carefully the advantages of ethnographic techniques for use in their own work' - "Evaluation and Research in Education " Ethnographic Research presents, in a single volume, a selection of ten recently published studies intended to illustrate the variety of social research which is currently being conducted within the ethnographic tradition. Together with an accompanying editorial introduction and a carefully selected range of Guided Reading Exercises, this text should provide students with a solid grounding of the different underlying assumptions, researchers' positions, methods of data collection and theoretical approaches within this broadly defined research tradition. The collection includes research from a range of different countries (Britain, The USA, Australia, Lebanon and India) and studies from a multitude of disciplines and contexts including work, policing, race and the environment. Consequently it should serve as an invaluable teaching resource on research methods courses across the social sciences, and in many neighbouring disciplines. The collection will be essential reading for undergraduate and postgraduate students on research methods courses, and more generally for students who are required to carry out empirical research as a core component on a wide variety of courses.