Understanding And Overcoming Cognitive Biases For Lawyers And Law Students
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Understanding And Overcoming Cognitive Biases For Lawyers And Law Students
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Author : Edwin Scott Fruehwald
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2018
Understanding And Overcoming Cognitive Biases For Lawyers And Law Students written by Edwin Scott Fruehwald and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Bias (Law) categories.
Aids lawyers and future lawyers understand the cognitive biases that can affect their law practices. It introduces lawyers to cognitive biases and how to overcome them. It demonstrates how to think more clearly and how to avoid being manipulated by others through cognitive biases. It also explains how you can use cognitive biases in persuasion. Finally, it demonstrates how attorneys can avoid unconscious ethical lapses. Present special problems concerning cognitive biases and the legal profession plus review exercises.
Towards A Better Understanding Of Lawyers Judgmental Biases In Client Representation
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Author : James H. Stark
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Towards A Better Understanding Of Lawyers Judgmental Biases In Client Representation written by James H. Stark and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Previous research demonstrates that lawyers and law students are, on average, prone to overconfidence bias and self-serving judgments of fairness when they take on a representative lawyering role. This is the first study to investigate individual differences in susceptibility to these biases. Expanding on two previous experiments (Loewenstein, et al., 1993; Babcock, Loewenstein & Issacharoff, 1998), and utilizing as our sample 468 law students from twelve geographically diverse U.S. law schools, we examined whether differences in students' Need for Cognitive Closure (NFC) -- a motivational desire for clear answers over ambiguity -- would affect both their judicial outcome predictions and their “fair settlement value” assessments of a simulated personal injury case when assigned randomly to the role of plaintiff's or defendant's counsel. We also investigated whether high- or low-NFC scores would have any effect on the efficacy of a “consider-the-opposite” (“list the weaknesses of your case”) prompt given to half of our subjects in an attempt to de-bias these assessments. We found that a high need for closure intensifies self-serving bias in both students' judicial predictions and fair value assessments, and that bias in students' judicial predictions could be mitigated through de-biasing interventions, even with students high in need for closure. Bias in fairness assessments persisted, despite de-biasing prompts.
Overcoming Cognitive Biases
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Author : E. Scott Fruehwald
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2017-05-28
Overcoming Cognitive Biases written by E. Scott Fruehwald and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-28 with Cognition categories.
Comedian Bill Maher recently declared, "Apple, Google, Facebook, they are essentially drug dealers." Similarly, 60 Minutes had a segment on "brain hacking." What were Maher and 60 Minutes talking about? Brain biases that clog up our thinking and allow us to be manipulated by others. The human thinking process is imperfect. The brain evolved. Parts of our brains today are remnants of the brains our early ancestors had, brains which had developed to survive under very different conditions from today. These remnants produce cognitive biases-ways of thinking that are different from reality. Individuals need to overcome their cognitive biases in order to think more clearly and avoid being manipulated by others. I have written this book for anyone who wants to understand cognitive biases and begin to overcome them. First, I give you the big picture. I discuss the basics of cognitive biases and the dangers of biased thinking. Then, I ask you to look at your inner self through a series of questions and exercises. Next, I deal with specific cognitive biases, such as optimism biases, negativity biases, biases concerning others, and behavioral economic biases, and I help you deal with these biases through a series of exercises. Then, I ask you to apply what you have learned in more complicated exercises. Finally, the Epilogue shows you how Uber is using brain biases to control their drivers and how smartphone and social media are employing these biases to get you to stay on-line longer.
Your Brain And Law School
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Author : Marybeth Herald
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Your Brain And Law School written by Marybeth Herald and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Cognitive learning categories.
Based on the latest research, this entertaining, practical guide offers law students a formula for success in school, on the bar exam, and as a practicing attorney. Mastering the law, either as a law student or in practice, becomes much easier if one has a working knowledge of the brain's basic habits. Before you can learn to think like a lawyer, you have to have some idea about how the brain thinks. The first part of this book translates the technical research, explaining learning strategies that work for the brain in law school specifically, and calling out other tactics that are useless (though often popular lures for the misinformed). This book is unique in explaining the science behind the advice and will save you from pursuing tempting shortcuts that will take you in the wrong direction. The second part explores the brain's decision-making processes and cognitive biases. These biases affect the ability to persuade, a necessary skill of the successful lawyer. The book talks about the art and science of framing, the seductive lure of the confirmation and egocentric biases, and the egocentricity of the availability bias. This book uses easily recognizable examples from both law and life to illustrate the potential of these biases to draw humans to mistaken judgments. Understanding these biases is critical to becoming a successful attorney and gaining proficiency in fashioning arguments that appeal to the sometimes quirky processing of the human brain. This book is part of the Context and Practice Series, edited by Michael Hunter Schwartz, Professor of Law and Dean of the McGeorge School of Law, University of the Pacific. Your Brain and Law School was a finalist in the Best Published Self-Help and Psychology category of the 2015 San Diego Book Awards
Law And Mind
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Author : Bartosz Brożek
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2021-04-29
Law And Mind written by Bartosz Brożek and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-29 with Law categories.
This volume offers a novel look at the intricate relationship between the cognitive sciences and various dimensions of the law.
Promoting Law Student And Lawyer Well Being In Australia And Beyond
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Author : Rachel Field
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-04-14
Promoting Law Student And Lawyer Well Being In Australia And Beyond written by Rachel Field and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-14 with Law categories.
University can be a psychologically distressing place for students. Empirical studies in Australia and the USA highlight that a large number of law students suffer from psychological distress, when compared to students from other disciplines and members of the general population. This book explores the significant role that legal education can play in the promotion of mental health and well-being in law students, and consequently in the profession. The volume considers the ways in which the problems of psychological distress amongst law students are connected to the way law and legal culture are taught, and articulates curricula and extra-curricula strategies for promoting wellbeing for law students. With contributions from legal academics, legal practitioners and psychologists, the authors discuss the possible causes of psychological distress in the legal community, and potential interventions that may increase psychological well-being. This important book will be of interest to legal academics, law students, members of the legal profession, post-graduate researchers as well as non-law researchers interested in this area.
Cognitive Biases In Visualizations
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Author : Geoffrey Ellis
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-09-27
Cognitive Biases In Visualizations written by Geoffrey Ellis and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-27 with Computers categories.
This book brings together the latest research in this new and exciting area of visualization, looking at classifying and modelling cognitive biases, together with user studies which reveal their undesirable impact on human judgement, and demonstrating how visual analytic techniques can provide effective support for mitigating key biases. A comprehensive coverage of this very relevant topic is provided though this collection of extended papers from the successful DECISIVe workshop at IEEE VIS, together with an introduction to cognitive biases and an invited chapter from a leading expert in intelligence analysis. Cognitive Biases in Visualizations will be of interest to a wide audience from those studying cognitive biases to visualization designers and practitioners. It offers a choice of research frameworks, help with the design of user studies, and proposals for the effective measurement of biases. The impact of human visualization literacy, competence and human cognition on cognitive biases are also examined, as well as the notion of system-induced biases. The well referenced chapters provide an excellent starting point for gaining an awareness of the detrimental effect that some cognitive biases can have on users’ decision-making. Human behavior is complex and we are only just starting to unravel the processes involved and investigate ways in which the computer can assist, however the final section supports the prospect that visual analytics, in particular, can counter some of the more common cognitive errors, which have been proven to be so costly.
The Law Of Good People
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Author : Yuval Feldman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018-06-07
The Law Of Good People written by Yuval Feldman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-07 with Law categories.
Plato has famously argued ...
The Comfort Letter
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Author : Arthur R. G. Solmssen
language : en
Publisher: Little Brown
Release Date : 1975-01-01
The Comfort Letter written by Arthur R. G. Solmssen and has been published by Little Brown this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975-01-01 with Consolidation and merger of corporations categories.
The Psychology Of Closed Mindedness
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Author : Arie W. Kruglanski
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2013-02-01
The Psychology Of Closed Mindedness written by Arie W. Kruglanski and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-01 with Psychology categories.
The fundamental phenomenon of human closed-mindedness is treated in this volume. Prior psychological treatments of closed-mindedness have typically approached it from a psychodynamic perspective and have viewed it in terms of individual pathology. By contrast, the present approach stresses the epistemic functionality of closed-mindedness and its essential role in judgement and decision-making. Far from being restricted to a select group of individuals suffering from an improper socialization, closed-mindedness is something we all experience on a daily basis. Such mundane situational conditions as time pressure, noise, fatigue, or alcoholic intoxication, for example, are all known to increase the difficulty of information processing, and may contribute to one's experienced need for nonspecific closure. Whether constituting a dimension of stable individual differences, or being engendered situationally - the need for closure, once aroused, is shown to produce the very same consequences. These fundamentally include the tendency to 'seize' on early, closure-affording 'evidence', and to 'freeze' upon it thus becoming impervious to subsequent, potentially important, information. Though such consequences form a part of the individual's personal experience, they have significant implications for interpersonal, group and inter-group phenomena as well. The present volume describes these in detail and grounds them in numerous research findings of theoretical and 'real world' relevance to a wide range of topics including stereotyping, empathy, communication, in-group favouritism and political conservatism. Throughout, a distinction is maintained between the need for a nonspecific closure (i.e., any closure as long as it is firm and definite) and needs for specific closures (i.e., for judgments whose particular contents are desired by an individual). Theory and research discussed in this book should be of interest to upper level undergraduates, graduate students and faculty in social, cognitive, and personality psychology as well as in sociology, political science and business administration.