Unemployment Vacancies And Local Labor Markets
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Unemployment Vacancies And Local Labor Markets
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Author : Harry J. Holzer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Unemployment Vacancies And Local Labor Markets written by Harry J. Holzer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Business & Economics categories.
This monograph studies unemployment in relation to labor market vacancies throughout the United States, using a new set of data: the Survey of Firms from the Employment Opportunity Pilot Project, a labor market experiment conducted by the Department of Labor at 28 sites in 1979 and 1980. The monograph is organized in five chapters. The first chapter introduces the problem and explains the basis for the data analysis. Chapter 2 considers the characteristics of vacancies at the level of the firm. Chapter 3 turns to the relationship between unemployment rates and vacancy rates across local labor markets. Chapter 4 presents data on employment and sales growth for each of the 28 sites. The effects of recent demand shocks on local unemployment rates are then considered, as well as the role of persistent unemployment differences and migration. Chapter 5 contains a summary and conclusions, with implications for policy and further research. The document also includes a 48-item bibliography, an index, 27 tables, and 1 figure. (KC)
Structural Frictional And Demand Deficient Unemployment In Local Labor Markets
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Author : Harry J. Holzer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Structural Frictional And Demand Deficient Unemployment In Local Labor Markets written by Harry J. Holzer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Frictional unemployment categories.
This paper uses data on unemployment rates and job vacancy rates to measure structural/frictional and demand-deficient components of unemployment rate differences across local labor markets. Data on occupational and industrial distributions of unemployed workers and vacant jobs, as well as on local wages, recent sales growth, Unemployment Insurance, and demographics are then used to help account for these components of unemployment across local areas
Does Trickle Down Work
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Author : Joseph Persky
language : en
Publisher: W.E. Upjohn Institute
Release Date : 2004
Does Trickle Down Work written by Joseph Persky and has been published by W.E. Upjohn Institute this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Business & Economics categories.
The authors explore a new framework for evaluating economic development projects. This framework is based on a job-chain approach. Each new job created by an economic development incentive is filled by an employee who leaves behind another job. In turn, that job may be filled by someone who leaves behind their old job, etc. Such job chains end when an unemployedworker, someone not previously in the labor force, or an in-migrant to the labor market takes a vacancy. Job chains are the mechanism for observing and measuring "trickle down". The job trains model developed in this book presents new insights into local economic development evaluation and strategy.
How Local Are Labor Markets
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Author : Alan Manning
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
How Local Are Labor Markets written by Alan Manning and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Job hunting categories.
This paper uses data on very small UK geographies to investigate the effective size of local labor markets. Our approach treats geographic space as continuous, as opposed to a collection of non-overlapping administrative units, thus avoiding problems of mismeasurement of local labor markets encountered in previous work. We develop a theory of job search across space that allows us to estimate a matching process with a very large number of areas. Estimates of this model show that the cost of distance is relatively high - the utility of being offered a job decays at exponential rate around 0.3 with distance (in km) to the job - so that labor markets are indeed quite l̀ocal'. Also, workers are discouraged from applying to jobs in areas where they expect relatively strong competition from other jobseekers. The estimated model replicates fairly accurately actual commuting patterns across neighbourhoods, although it tends to underpredict the proportion of individuals who live and work in the same ward. Finally, we find that, despite the fact that labor markets are relatively l̀ocal', local development policies are fairly ineffective in raising the local unemployment outflow, because labor markets overlap, and the associated ripple effects in applications largely dilute the impact of local stimulus across space.
Putting Workfare In Place
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Author : Peter Sunley
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-07-20
Putting Workfare In Place written by Peter Sunley and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-07-20 with Science categories.
This book is the first comprehensive and authoritative analysis of the New Deal and examines how far the programme has succeeded in responding to the diversity of conditions in local labour markets across the UK. Argues that profound differences in local labour market conditions have exerted a telling influence on the New Deal’s achievements Includes extensive new research data on the current conditions of local labour markets in the UK and local impacts of the New Deal Illustrated by a large series of original maps and figures. Based on numerous interviews with local and regional policy actors.
Unemployment And Local Labour Markets
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Author : Peter Robinson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Unemployment And Local Labour Markets written by Peter Robinson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Business & Economics categories.
This book brings together studies conducted by university research teams in six distinct local labour markets, with a special focus on the problems faced by the long term unemployed in those labour markets, the capacity for public authorities to create jobs directly, and the usefulness of official databases on labour demand and supply. This book largely rejects the picture which has grown up of the long term unemployed as being effectively detatched from the labour force, with important implications for economic policy. It casts doubt on the ability of public authorities to create jobs quickly and cheaply. It also casts doubt on the usefulness of official databases for the planning of training and other provision, at a time when the new Training and Enterprise councils are taking over such provision without, it would seem, an appreciation of the information on which to base their planning.
Where The Jobs Are
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Author : William L. McKee
language : en
Publisher: W E Upjohn Inst for
Release Date : 1985
Where The Jobs Are written by William L. McKee and has been published by W E Upjohn Inst for this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Business & Economics categories.
This monograph is designed to provide nontechnical users, including policymakers, program planners, curriculum developers, career counselors, and job development and placement specialists, with an introduction to applied labor market analysis of local conditions. Addressed in the individual chapters of the guide are the following topics: the nature of the analytical process; the spatial element of the geography of labor markets (labor markets, political versus economic definitions of a geographic area, and urban development and land use patterns); local area industrial analysis (using a six-step analytical process and linking industry analysis with occupational structure); an integrated approach to identifying occupational job opportunities (supply/demand analysis; occupational analysis; combination of industrial and occupational analysis, the occupational process model, and qualitative occupational analysis); application of labor market information in career counseling; and uses of labor market information. Appendixes to the monograph include a discussion of fundamental concepts, a listing of sources of labor market information, an industrial evaluative model, and an examination of the relationship between economic base analysis and the local economy. (MN)
Local Labor Market Effects Of Public Employment
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Author : Jordi Jofre-Monseny
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Local Labor Market Effects Of Public Employment written by Jordi Jofre-Monseny and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
This paper quantifies the impact of public employment on local labor markets in the long-run. We adopt two quantitative approaches and apply them to the case of Spanish cities. In the first, we develop a 3-sector (public, tradable and non-tradable) search and matching model embedded within a spatial equilibrium model. We characterize the steady state of the model, which we calibrate to match the labor market characteristics of the average Spanish city. The model is then used to simulate the local labor market effects of expanding public sector employment. In the second empirical approach, we use regression analysis to estimate the effects of public sector job expansions on decadal changes (1980- 1990 and 1990-2001) in the employment and population of Spanish cities. This analysis exploits the dramatic expansion of public employment that followed the advent of democracy in the period 1980 to 2001. The instrumental variables' approach that we adopt uses the capital status of cities to instrument for changes in public sector employment. The two empirical approaches yield qualitatively similar results and, thus, cross-check each other. One additional public sector job creates about 1.3 jobs in the private sector. However, these new jobs do not translate into a substantial reduction in the local unemployment rate as better labor market conditions attract new workers to the city. Increasing public employment by 50% only reduces unemployment from 0.156 to 0.150.
How Effects Of Local Labor Demand Shocks Vary With Local Labor Market Conditions
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Author : Timothy J. Bartik
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
How Effects Of Local Labor Demand Shocks Vary With Local Labor Market Conditions written by Timothy J. Bartik and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Job creation categories.
This paper estimates how effects of shocks to local labor demand on local labor market outcomes vary with initial local economic conditions. The data are on U.S. metro areas from 1979 to 2011. The paper finds that demand shocks to local job growth have greater effects in reducing local unemployment rates if the local economy is initially depressed than if the local economy is booming. Demand shocks have greater effects on local wage rates if the local unemployment rate is initially low, but lesser effects if local job growth is initially high. These different effects of local demand shocks imply that social benefits of adding jobs are two to three times greater per job in more depressed local labor markets, compared to more booming local labor markets.
Local Economic And Employment Development Leed The World Of Public Employment Services Challenges Capacity And Outlook For Public Employment Services In The New World Of Work
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2016-02-11
Local Economic And Employment Development Leed The World Of Public Employment Services Challenges Capacity And Outlook For Public Employment Services In The New World Of Work written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-11 with categories.
This publication provides a wide range of indicators for comparing the operational and institutional characteristics of 73 Public Employment Services in 71 countries around the world.