Ungleichheit In Brasilien Struktur Und Determinanten
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Ungleichheit In Brasilien Struktur Und Determinanten
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Author : Nils-Hendrik Klann
language : de
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2007-11-07
Ungleichheit In Brasilien Struktur Und Determinanten written by Nils-Hendrik Klann and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-11-07 with Business & Economics categories.
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2006 im Fachbereich VWL - Fallstudien, Länderstudien, Note: 1,3, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (Ibero Amerika Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung), Veranstaltung: Wirtschaftskunde Lateinameria 2: Die Notwendigkeit von Reformen, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Brasilien gilt als eines der ungleichsten Länder in Lateinamerika und der Welt. In kaum einem anderen Staat existiert bezogen auf die Verfügbarkeit von Einkommen ein vergleichbares Missverhältnis zwischen den Dezilen einer Einkommensverteilung. 2001 hatte der Konsum der ärmsten 10% der Gesamtbevölkerung lediglich einen Anteil von 0,7 % am Gesamtkonsum, wohingegen die reichsten 10% des Landes 46,9 % des Gesamtkonsums tätigten. Im HDI-Index Ranking ist Brasilien somit eines der ungleichsten Länder in der Gruppe "Medium Human Development". In dieser Arbeit erfolgt eine Analyse des brasilianischen Ungleichheitsphänomens. Hierzu werden im ersten Teil zunächst Maße zur Untersuchung von Einkommensungleichheit vorgestellt. Im Anschluss wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche Auswirkungen eine ungleiche Einkommensverteilung auf eine Volkswirtschaft haben kann. Da Ungleichheit insbesondere in armen Ländern eine Rolle spielt, wird insbesondere ihr Einfuss auf diese Armutsproblematik und ihre Bekämpfung aufgezeigt. Im zweiten Teil erfolgt eine quantitative und strukturelle Untersuchung von Einkommensungleichheit in Brasilien. Die Analyse basiert dabei auf brasilianischen Haushaltsdaten und den im ersten Teil vorgestellten Ungleichheitsmaßen. Zur Einführung erfolgt eine kurze Darstellung der Entwicklung von Einkommensungleichheit in den letzten Jahren. Im Anschluss wird der Frage nachgegangen, wodurch Ungleichheit in Lateinamerikas bevölkerungsreichstem Land ausgelöst wird. Hierzu werden zunächst einige strukturelle und makroökonomische Determinanten diskutiert. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt der Untersuchung liegt auf der anschließenden Betrachtung der Wirkung von Bildungsungleichheit. Wo verfügbare Daten es erlauben, werden Zusammenhänge mit PNAD-Daten belegt. Die Analyse dieser Einflussfaktoren erlaubt im Anschluss, die Betroffenen zu identifizieren, deren prekäre wirtschaftliche Lage und Ungleichbehandlung in der Gesamtbetrachtung überhaupt erst Ungleichheit erzeugen.
Determinanten Der Schulwahl
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Author : Peter Suter
language : de
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Release Date : 2012-08-12
Determinanten Der Schulwahl written by Peter Suter and has been published by Springer-Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-12 with Education categories.
Privatschulen sind sowohl in Politik und den Medien als auch bei Lehrpersonen und Eltern immer wieder Gegenstand heftiger Diskussionen. Dennoch gibt es zu diesem Thema kaum empirische Forschungen. Peter Suter analysiert in der Schweiz Motive und Hintergründe, die Eltern dazu veranlassen ihr Kind auf eine private Primarschule zu schicken. Er zeigt, dass die Qualität und das Leistungsniveau der Schule für die Wahl sekundär ist – obwohl diese Aspekte als die zentralen Gütekriterien einer guten Schule genannt werden. Eltern, die sich für eine Privatschule entscheiden, sind meist Expatriate mit hohem sozioökonomischen Status, die sich vorwiegend für eine zweisprachige Ausbildung und ein umfassendes Betreuungsangebot interessieren. Insgesamt belegen die Resultate, dass die Schulwahl in erster Linie habituell geleitet und nicht das Resultat einer rationalen Entscheidung ist.
The Routledge Handbook Of Political Ecology
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Author : Tom Perreault
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-06-12
The Routledge Handbook Of Political Ecology written by Tom Perreault and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-12 with Nature categories.
The Routledge Handbook of Political Ecology presents a comprehensive and authoritative examination of the rapidly growing field of political ecology. Located at the intersection of geography, anthropology, sociology, and environmental history, political ecology is one of the most vibrant and conceptually diverse fields of inquiry into nature-society relations within the social sciences. The Handbook serves as an essential guide to this rapidly evolving intellectual landscape. With contributions from over 50 leading authors, the Handbook presents a systematic overview of political ecology’s origins, practices and core concerns, and aims to advance both ongoing and emerging debates. While there are numerous edited volumes, textbooks, and monographs under the heading ‘political ecology,’ these have tended to be relatively narrow in scope, either as collections of empirically based (mostly case study) research on a given theme, or broad overviews of the field aimed at undergraduate audiences. The Routledge Handbook of Political Ecology is the first systematic, comprehensive overview of the field. With authors from North and South America, Europe, Australia and elsewhere, the Handbook of Political Ecology provides a state of the art examination of political ecology; addresses ongoing and emerging debates in this rapidly evolving field; and charts new agendas for research, policy, and activism. The Routledge Handbook of Political Ecology introduces political ecology as an interdisciplinary academic field. By presenting a ‘state of the art’ examination of the field, it will serve as an invaluable resource for students and scholars. It not only critically reviews the key debates in the field, but develops them. The Handbook will serve as an excellent resource for graduate and advanced undergraduate teaching, and is a key reference text for geographers, anthropologists, sociologists, environmental historians, and others working in and around political ecology.
Approaches To The Study Of Social Structure
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Author : Peter M. Blau
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1975
Approaches To The Study Of Social Structure written by Peter M. Blau and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with Social Science categories.
A survey of contemporary approaches to structural inquiry includes contributions by such leading sociologists as Robert K. Merton, Talcott Parsons, and Gerhard E. Lenski. @Bibliog
The Biology Of Disadvantage
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Author : Judith Stewart
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Release Date : 2010-03-22
The Biology Of Disadvantage written by Judith Stewart and has been published by Wiley-Blackwell this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03-22 with Medical categories.
How does socioeconomic status "get into the body" to affect health? A decade ago, when the MacArthur Foundation Research Network on Socioeconomic Status and Health began to answer this question, few studies directly tested the pathways and mechanisms that contribute to the gradient relationship between socioeconomic status and health. The scientific research presented in this volume captures where the field stands after 10 years of intense research by the MacArthur Network and others into the mechanisms of health disparities. In addition, it illustrates the power of a multidisciplinary approach to complex social issues. Finally, it presents potential applications of the accumulated knowledge for social interventions and raises pragmatic issues that are important to consider when science is translated into policy and intervention. NOTE: Annals volumes are available for sale as individual books or as a journal. For information on institutional journal subscriptions, please visit www.blackwellpublishing.com/nyas. ACADEMY MEMBERS: Please contact the New York Academy of Sciences directly to place your order (www.nyas.org). Members of the New York Academy of Science receive full-text access to the Annals online and discounts on print volumes. Please visit http://www.nyas.org/MemberCenter/Join.aspx for more information about becoming a member.
Understanding Inequality Social Costs And Benefits
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Author : Amanda Machin
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-04-14
Understanding Inequality Social Costs And Benefits written by Amanda Machin and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-14 with Social Science categories.
The contributions in this book highlight, contextualize and analyze different aspects of social inequality. What are the various cause and effects of inequality? How have these changed over recent decades? Which social policies might be best able to intervene? Written by authors from a variety of disciplines and geographical regions, these contributions provide a rich account of inequality within contemporary society. The role of the state, the media and the market in exacerbating and alleviating patterns of equality are all accessed alongside analysis of changing patterns of exclusion and hierarchy.
A Suitable Amount Of Crime
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Author : Nils Christie
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2004
A Suitable Amount Of Crime written by Nils Christie and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Crime categories.
A Suitable Amount of Crime looks at the great variations between countries over what are considered 'unwanted acts', how many are constructed as criminal and how many are punished.
German Pension Reform
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Author : Christina Benita Wilke
language : en
Publisher: Peter Lang
Release Date : 2009
German Pension Reform written by Christina Benita Wilke and has been published by Peter Lang this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Business & Economics categories.
The German pension system was the first formal pension system in the world, designed by Bismarck nearly 120 years ago. It has been very successful in providing high and reliable pension levels at reasonable contribution rates. While the generosity of the German pension system is considered a great social achievement, negative incentive effects of past reforms in the 1970s and 1980s and population aging are threatening the very core of the system. This has led to fundamental pension reforms since 1992. Based on a detailed simulation model of the German pension system, this book provides a thorough assessment of the system and its reforms. It shows that the latest reforms have put the system back onto a stable path and moved it from the old monolithic towards a multi-pillar system.
Child Labour In Historical Perspective
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Author : Hugh Cunningham
language : en
Publisher: UNICEF-IRC
Release Date : 1996
Child Labour In Historical Perspective written by Hugh Cunningham and has been published by UNICEF-IRC this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Business & Economics categories.
Rational Choice Theory And Large Scale Data Analysis
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Author : Hans-peter Blossfeld
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-09-16
Rational Choice Theory And Large Scale Data Analysis written by Hans-peter Blossfeld and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-16 with Social Science categories.
The relationship between rational choice theory and large-scale data analysis has become an important issue for sociologists. Though rational choice theory is well established in both sociology and economics, its influence on quantitative empirical sociology has been surprisingly limited. This book examines why there is hardly a link between the t