Use Of Ddt In Vector Control

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Use Of Ddt In Vector Control

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993

Use Of Ddt In Vector Control written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with categories.

Current Policy And Status Of Ddt Use For Malaria Control In Ethiopia Uganda Kenya And South Africa

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Author : Melanie L. Biscoe
language : en
Publisher: IWMI
Release Date : 2004

Current Policy And Status Of Ddt Use For Malaria Control In Ethiopia Uganda Kenya And South Africa written by Melanie L. Biscoe and has been published by IWMI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with DDT (Insecticide) categories.

For most African countries, malaria has become an overwhelming public health problem, leading some governments to consider using DDT for malaria control in the midst of a heightened debate about its advantages and disadvantages. This report seeks to document the nature of the DDT debate in East and Southern Africa by describing current DDT policy plus malaria and insecticide control specialists’ views on alternatives to DDT use, examining the factors that influence malaria control policy formation and assessing specialists’ knowledge about the human health impacts of DDT. To obtain this information, malaria and insecticide control specialists were interviewed in Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya, and South Africa and malaria control policy documents from each country were reviewed. Results indicate that DDT use for indoor residual spraying (IRS) continues to be viewed as a viable malaria control option, although most specialists are receptive to alternative control measures. Additionally, decentralization has had a profound impact on malaria control in East Africa and the POPs Treaty is used simultaneously as a rationale for a reintroduction of DDT and its continued prohibition in public health. Finally, research necessary to make informed decisions on malaria control policy is lacking in East Africa, and there is a need to educate malaria and insecticide control specialists on the human health impacts of insecticides used for vector control, including DDT.

The Use Of Ddt In Mosquito Control

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Author : United States. Public Health Service
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1945

The Use Of Ddt In Mosquito Control written by United States. Public Health Service and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1945 with DDT (Insecticide) categories.

Ddt Controversy In The Debate On Safe And Effective Malaria Vector Control

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Author : Stefanie Keller
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011

Ddt Controversy In The Debate On Safe And Effective Malaria Vector Control written by Stefanie Keller and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.

The expert group of the Stockholm Convention on DDT utilised for malaria vector control met in Geneva on 10th to 12th November 201'3 The goal of this meeting was to assess the current situation of DDT use and alternatives to DDT, and to make new recommendations for disease vector control. The Committee will report to the fifth meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP5), to be held on 25th to 29th April 2011 in Geneva. Even though the Stockholm Convention seeks and supports a phase-out of the insecticide, the use of DDT in malaria vector control is increasing. In this regard and alongside the DDT expert group meeting, a controversial panel discussion took place in Geneva on 12th November 201'3 This event provided a platform for invited experts from various fields and with different backgrounds to discuss new developments related to DDT used in malaria vector control as well as alternative solutions. Representatives from governments, international organizations, research institutions, the industry and NGOs debated on the pros and cons of DDT and alternatives for effective malaria control. The debate on DDT use in malaria vector control was an interesting exchange and provided new insights such as information about non-chemical alternatives, decreasing production of DDT, and industry's efforts in pushing alternatives to DDT. Most panellists highlighted the importance of enhancing the application of available sustainable alternatives to DDT and pushing forward Integrated Vector Management (IVM) in the fight against malaria. However, some panelists also argued that DDT is effective and that negative health impacts are not proven.

Frequently Asked Questions On Ddt Use For Disease Vector Control

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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004

Frequently Asked Questions On Ddt Use For Disease Vector Control written by World Health Organization and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Epidemiology categories.

Vector Control

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Author : Jan A. Rozendaal
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 1997

Vector Control written by Jan A. Rozendaal and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Animals as carriers of disease categories.

The first comprehensive, illustrated guide to vector control methods suitable for use by individuals and communities. Published at a time when large-scale control programs organized by governments are declining, the manual aims to help non-professionals understand the role of vectors in specific diseases and then select and use control methods that are appropriate, effective, affordable, and safe. Hundreds of simple, inexpensive and often ingenious techniques, developed and used in a host of different settings, are presented and described in this abundantly illustrated guide. The manual is intended to assist health workers at district and community level, in aid organizations, in refugee camps, or in resource development projects who do not have direct access to experts in entomology, yet need methods for controlling the vectors of such important diseases as malaria filariasis leishmaniasis schistosomiasis dengue and trypanosomiasis. With this audience in mind, the book combines non-specialist factual information about vectors and the diseases they cause with practical advice on control measures, whether involving the use of insecticides, environmental modifications, or the construction of simple devices from local materials. Details range from a table showing where and when the different groups of biting Diptera are active to a recipe for preparing plaster to protect homes against triatomine bugs, from step-by-step instructions for the construction of cheap insect traps, to advice on how to impregnate bed nets and curtains with suitable insecticides. The book opens with a brief description of recent changes in the approach to vector control, followed by a discussion of factors that can influence the success of control measures undertaken by individuals and communities. The core of the manual consists of eight chapters focused on each of the major vectors and groups of vectors: mosquitos and other biting Diptera; tsetse flies; triatomine bugs; bedbugs, fleas, lice, ticks, and mites; cockroaches; houseflies; cyclops; and freshwater snails. Each chapter includes pertinent facts about the vector's life cycle, behavior, and favorite habitats, the diseases it causes, and their clinical features, including opportunities for prevention, treatment, and control. Against this background, methods for control are presented in great detail. Since the use of control measures is often constrained by lack of resources as well as lack of knowledge, most methods described are simple and cheap, do not require much training or supervision, and are safe for both the user and the environment. The remaining chapters offer guidance on the principles and practice of house spraying with residual insecticides, and provide instructions for the safe use of pesticides and the emergency treatment of poisoning.

Integrated Vector Management

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Author : Graham Matthews
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-08-17

Integrated Vector Management written by Graham Matthews and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-17 with Science categories.

Diseases transmitted by insects continue to have a major impact on human populations. Malaria, dengue, onchocerciasis, sleeping sickness and leishmaniasis all adversely affect man. Malaria is one of the most important causes of child mortality and reduces economic development in many countries, with agricultural productivity often greatly reduced, as many vectors are active in the wet season favourable for crop production. Vector control is crucial to reduce the extent to which drugs are needed to treat the diseases, as the parasite can become resistant, or the drugs are often too expensive for those living in rural areas and urban slums most affected by these diseases. Chemical control of vectors is often the only method that can reduce vector populations in a disease epidemic, but with vectors developing resistance to insecticides, there is increasing awareness that a single control method is often insufficient and also that chemical control must be integrated where possible with other control measures. In Integrated Vector Management, Graham Matthews covers the main chemical methods of vector control, including the use of indoor residual spraying, space treatments, the use of treated bed nets and larviciding, but also stresses the importance of drainage schemes and improvement of houses to prevent access of indoor vectors, techniques that have largely been responsible for reducing the risk of vector borne diseases in Europe and the USA. This book combines practical information from successful vector control programmes, including early use of DDT, and recent research into a vital resource for all those now involved in combating insect vector borne diseases. Integrated Vector Management is an essential tool, not only for medical entomologists and those directly involved in government health departments, but also for all those who provide the skills and management needed to operate successful area-wide vector management programmes. Libraries in all universities and research establishments world-wide, where biological sciences, medicine and agriculture are studied and taught should have multiple copies of this important book.

Ddt In Indoor Residual Spraying

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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011

Ddt In Indoor Residual Spraying written by World Health Organization and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Air categories.

This publication presents an updated human health risk assessment for the insecticide DDT focusing on DDT use in indoor residual spraying for disease vector control. The publication contains an updated hazard assessment for DDT including new scientific information published since the previous WHO assessment in 2001. There is also a human exposure assessment for DDT which places exposure arising from indoor residual spraying in the context of residues of DDT and its metabolites in people exposed via previous agricultural and public health use of DDT. The risk assessment is completed by the repo.

Health Costs And Benefits Of Ddt Use In Malaria Control And Prevention

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Author : Brian Blankespoor
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017

Health Costs And Benefits Of Ddt Use In Malaria Control And Prevention written by Brian Blankespoor and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.

The Millennium Development Goal of achieving near-zero malaria deaths by 2015 has led to a re-examination of wider use of DDT (dichloro-diphenyl-trichloro-ethane) in indoor residual spraying as a prevention tool in many countries. However, the use of DDT raises concerns of potential harm to the environment and human health, mainly because of the persistent and bio-accumulative nature of DDT and its potential to magnify through the food chain. This paper quantifies the adverse effects of DDT on human health based on treatment costs and indirect costs caused by illnesses and death in countries that use or are expected to re-introduce DDT in their disease vector control programs. At the global level where the total population exposed to DDT is estimated around 1.25 billion, the findings indicate that while the use of DDT can lead to a significant reduction in the estimated $69 billion in 2010 U.S. dollars economic loss caused by malaria, it can also add more than $28 billion a year in costs from the resulting adverse health effects. At the country level, the results suggest that Sub-Saharan African countries with high malaria incidence rates are likely to see relatively larger net benefits from the use of DDT in malaria control. The net health benefits of reintroducing DDT in malaria control programs could be better understood by weighing the costs and benefits of DDT use based on a country's circumstances.

Health Costs And Benefits Of Ddt Use In Malaria Control And Prevention

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Author : Brian Blankespoor
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012

Health Costs And Benefits Of Ddt Use In Malaria Control And Prevention written by Brian Blankespoor and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.