Using User Fees
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Federal User Fees
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Author : Noah R. Myers
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Federal User Fees written by Noah R. Myers and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with BUSINESS & ECONOMICS categories.
The federal government will need to make the most of its resources to meet the emerging challenges of the 21st century. As new priorities emerge, policymakers have demonstrated interest in user fees as a means of financing new and existing services. User fees can be designed to reduce the burden on taxpayers to finance the portions of activities that provide benefits to identifiable users above and beyond what is normally provided to the public. By charging the costs of those programs or activities to beneficiaries, user fees can also promote economic efficiency and equity. However, to achieve these goals, user fees must be well designed. This book examines how the four key design and implementation characteristics of user fees--how fees are set, collected, used, and reviewed--may affect the economic efficiency, equity, revenue adequacy, and administrative burden of cost-based fees.
User Fees As An Alternative To Coercive Taxation
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Author : Robert W. McGee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
User Fees As An Alternative To Coercive Taxation written by Robert W. McGee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.
Most forms of public finance rely on force or the threat of force to collect revenue. Two forms of public finance that do not rely on force are lotteries and user fees. This article discusses some of the economic and ethical issues involved in using user fees as a form of public finance.
Federal User Fees
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Author : Susan J. Irving
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2009-05
Federal User Fees written by Susan J. Irving and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-05 with Business & Economics categories.
Fed. gov¿t policymakers are interested in user fees as a means of financing new and existing services. User fees can be designed to reduce the burden on taxpayers to finance the portions of activities that provide benefits to identifiable users above and beyond what is normally provided to the public. User fees can promote economic efficiency and equity. However user fees must be well designed. This report studies how user fee design characteristics may influence the effectiveness of user fees. The author examined how the 4 key design and implementation characteristics of user fees -- how fees are set, collected, used, and reviewed -- may affect the economic efficiency, equity, revenue adequacy, and administrative burden of cost-based fees.
Punishing The Poor A Look At Evidence And Action Regarding User Fees In Health Care
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Author : Kurian, Oommen C.
language : en
Publisher: Centre for Enquiry into Health and Allied Themes
Release Date : 2011-06-01
Punishing The Poor A Look At Evidence And Action Regarding User Fees In Health Care written by Kurian, Oommen C. and has been published by Centre for Enquiry into Health and Allied Themes this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-01 with Medical categories.
“There’s now just overwhelming evidence that those user fees actually worsened health outcomes. There’s no question about it. So did the bank get it wrong before? Yeah. I think the bank was ideological” - Dr Jim Yong Kim, World Bank Head. (2014) User fees for health care were put forward as a way to recover costs and discourage the excessive use of health services and the over- consumption of care. This did not happen. Instead, user fees punished the poor. -Dr. Margaret Chan, Director-General, WHO. (2009) The history of user fees imposed on the poor is a history of the poor being excluded from basic services. – Jeffrey Sachs, Director, Earth Institute, End of Poverty (2005) Pricing helps reduce excessive or unwarranted demand for a service and brings supply capacity more in line with willingness and ability to pay. Put differently, when a service costs money, people will think twice about demanding it. - World Bank, Financing health care in sub-Saharan Africa through user fees and insurance. (1995)
The Ethical Case For Charging User Fees In Education
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Author : Robert W. McGee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
The Ethical Case For Charging User Fees In Education written by Robert W. McGee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.
User fees are used to fund government services like highway construction and maintenance, museums and parks. The advantage of user fees, from a fairness perspective, is that the only people who pay them are the ones who use the government service. The problem with educational funding is that it is done primarily through property taxes, income or sales taxes, which forces everyone to pay for the education of other people's children. This article explores the ethical case of using user fees as a source of educational funding, which has been ignored in the economics, public finance and ethical literature.
The Fda Medical Device User Fee Program
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Author : Judith A. Johnson
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub
Release Date : 2012-07-06
The Fda Medical Device User Fee Program written by Judith A. Johnson and has been published by Createspace Independent Pub this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-07-06 with Medical categories.
On June 20, 2012, the House of Representatives passed, by voice vote and under suspension of the rules, S. 3187 (EAH), the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act, as amended. This bill would reauthorize the FDA prescription drug and medical device user fee programs (which would otherwise expire on September 30, 2012), create new user fee programs for generic and biosimilar drug approvals, and make other revisions to other FDA drug and device approval processes. It reflects bicameral compromise on earlier versions of the bill (S. 3187 [ES], which passed the Senate on May 24, 2012, and H.R. 5651 [EH], which passed the House on May 30, 2012). The following CRS reports provide overview information on FDA's processes for approval and regulation of drugs: CRS Report R41983, How FDA Approves Drugs and Regulates Their Safety and Effectiveness, by Susan Thaul; CRS Report RL33986, FDA's Authority to Ensure That Drugs Prescribed to Children Are Safe and Effective, by Susan Thaul; CRS Report R42130, FDA Regulation of Medical Devices, by Judith A. Johnson; CRS Report R42508, The FDA Medical Device User Fee Program, by Judith A. Johnson. (Note: The rest of this report has not been updated since April 24, 2012.) The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is the agency responsible for the regulation of medical devices. These are a wide range of products that are used to diagnose, treat, monitor, or prevent a disease or condition in a patient. A company must obtain FDA's prior approval or clearance before marketing many medical devices in the United States. The Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) within FDA is primarily responsible for medical device review and regulation. Congress first gave FDA the authority to collect user fees from medical device companies in the Medical Device User Fee and Modernization Act of 2002 (P.L. 107-250). The purpose of the user fee program is to help reduce the time in which FDA can review and make decisions on marketing applications. Lengthy review times affect the industry, which waits to market its products, and patients, who wait to use these products. The user fee law provides a revenue stream for FDA; in conjunction, the agency negotiates with industry to set performance goals for the premarket review of medical devices. Reauthorization of FDA's medical device user fees last occurred in 2007, just before the FDA's authority would expire, via the Medical Device User Fee Amendments of 2007 (MDUFA II). Current authority will expire on October 1, 2012. On February 1, 2012, FDA announced that it had reached “an agreement in principle” with the medical device industry on proposed recommendations for the second reauthorization—referred to as MDUFA III. A draft MDUFA III package, composed of statutory language and the FDA industry agreement on performance goals and procedures, was posted on the FDA website on March 14, 2012, and a public meeting describing the draft was held on March 28, 2012. The 30-day comment period on the draft ended April 16, 2012. Following review of the comments, FDA may revise the recommendation and then is to submit the final package to Congress. Since medical device user fees were first collected in FY2003, they have comprised an increasing proportion of FDA's device budget. Medical device user fees have raised a number of concerns, prompting Congress to carefully consider issues such as which agency activities could use fees, how user fees can be kept from supplanting federal funding, and which companies should qualify as a small business and pay a reduced fee. Congress is also considering reauthorization of the Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) as well as new proposals for a Generic Drug User Fee Act and a Biosimilars User Fee Act. It is likely that these three will be combined with MDUFA III along with a variety of related and unrelated issues.
Food And Drug Administration Effect Of User Fees On Drug Approval Times Withdrawals And Other Agency Activities Report To The Chairman Committee On Health Education Labor And Pensions U S Senate
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date :
Food And Drug Administration Effect Of User Fees On Drug Approval Times Withdrawals And Other Agency Activities Report To The Chairman Committee On Health Education Labor And Pensions U S Senate written by and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
The Use And Abuse Of User Fees And Charges
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Author : Worcester Regional Research Bureau
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
The Use And Abuse Of User Fees And Charges written by Worcester Regional Research Bureau and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with User charges categories.
Federal User Fees
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Author : Susan J. Irving
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2008-09
Federal User Fees written by Susan J. Irving and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-09 with Business & Economics categories.
America¿s port infrastructure is vital to U.S. foreign trade and a bulwark for national security. One way the fed. gov¿t. funds port-related programs is to levy user fees. This report examines: (1) what is known about the way selected fees assessed on air and sea port users are set, collected, used, and reviewed; and (2) the effects of these attributes on program operations. The author examined the Harbor Maintenance Fee, the Merchandise Processing Fee, and the Customs, Immigration, and Agricultural Quarantine Inspection User Fees assessed on air and cruise passengers and commercial vessels using criteria that have often been used to assess user fees and taxes -- equity, efficiency, revenue adequacy, and administrative burden. Charts and tables.
Local Public Finance And Economics
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Author : Harry Kitchen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-09-05
Local Public Finance And Economics written by Harry Kitchen and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-05 with Business & Economics categories.
Globalization and the information revolution have highlighted the catalytic role of local governments for improving economic and social outcomes at the local level as well as growing the national economy by enhancing international competitiveness. This comprehensive account of local public finance and economics brings together principles and better practices for improving quality and access of local public services provision. The volume covers assignment of responsibilities; jurisdictional design; local service delivery; local regulation; local self-financing options such as income, sales, property and environmental taxation, user charges and fees; infrastructure finance options; and higher order government financing of local governments. The treatment is non-technical and suitable for a wide variety of audiences including scholars, instructors, students, media, policy advisers and practitioners.