Variability Is The Rule
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Variability Is The Rule
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Author : John Philip Smith
language : en
Publisher: Information Age Pub Incorporated
Release Date : 2011
Variability Is The Rule written by John Philip Smith and has been published by Information Age Pub Incorporated this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Education categories.
Mathematics curriculum frameworks at the state level have outlined or recommended an intended curriculum for Grades K-8. While some of the states have indicated that the curriculum framework is a model or guide from which districts or individual schools can craft specific curricular programs, others are more prescriptive and often mandatory. Overall, however, they represent what is considered a mathematics program for students. Taken collectively, they provide a relative strong indication of what is expected of U.S. students. This volume follows The Intended Curriculum as Represented in State Mathematics Curriculum Standards: Consensus or Confusion? (Reys). While the Reys volume focused on number and operations, algebra and reasoning strands, the Smith volume analyzes the geometry, measurement, probability, and statistics. Additionally, an analysis was conducted on the types of verbs used and the cognitive demand of grade level expectations. As the U.S. moves toward a set of common core standards, this volume offers a rationale for states using such an approach as well as provides components that could be used in an adoption process.
Inherent Variability And Variable Rules
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Author : Derek Bickerton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1970*
Inherent Variability And Variable Rules written by Derek Bickerton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1970* with Language and languages categories.
Understanding Variability In Second Language Acquisition Bilingualism And Cognition
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Author : Kristin Kersten
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2022-07-29
Understanding Variability In Second Language Acquisition Bilingualism And Cognition written by Kristin Kersten and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-29 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This collection brings together linguistic, psychological, and sociological perspectives reflecting on the relationships and interactions of the multilayered factors impacting second language development and cognitive competence. The book advocates a system approach as a counterpoint to existing scholarship, which has tended to focus on a small set of variables. The 13 chapters demonstrate the ways in which cognitive and linguistic development are intrinsically linked, occurring within a nested structure of multiple levels: individual neuro-cognitive systems and processes, individual engagement with the social world, and the wider social and institutional environments and cultural contexts affecting the belief systems and linguistic conventions of social groups. The volume begins by outlining the theoretical and methodological foundations before moving into a more focused look at the interplay of these different variables at the macro, meso, and micro levels. A final section features two commentary chapters from linguistics and psychology, respectively, synthesizing insights from earlier chapters and situating the collection within broader scholarship on linguistic and cognitive development, theoretical and methodological implications, and discussions of avenues for future empirical research. This book will be of particular interest to scholars in second language acquisition, psycholinguistics, cognition, psychology, and sociology.
On Variability In The Performance Of Hardingfele Tunes And Paradigms In Ethnomusicological Research
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Lulu.com
Release Date :
On Variability In The Performance Of Hardingfele Tunes And Paradigms In Ethnomusicological Research written by and has been published by Lulu.com this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Collective Decision Making
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Author : Shmuel Nitzan
language : en
Publisher: CUP Archive
Release Date : 1985-11-28
Collective Decision Making written by Shmuel Nitzan and has been published by CUP Archive this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985-11-28 with Business & Economics categories.
This book provides an economic approach to the study of collective decision making. In Social Choice theory, the main problem of collective decision making is normally conceived of as one of aggregating diverse individual preferences. However, in practice, objectives are often common to the individuals - whether, for instance, in the firm, or where a medical diagnosis is required - but the information available to each individual, and their ability to utilise that information optimally, differ. The authors therefore deal with a different problem of decisional skills aggregation assuming homogeneous preferences but differing decisional skills, and develop a framework for the study of collective decision making. They examine the effect of the size of the decision making body; incomplete information on decisional skills; interdependence among decisions; shadow prices of decision rules; and of decision making costs and benefits on optimal group decision making. The model is then illustrated in a range of different fields, including industrial organisation, labour economics and in the design of consulting schemes, medical diagnostic systems, and corporate law.
Optimal Variability For Effective Motor Learning
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Author : Jürgen Birklbauer
language : en
Publisher: Meyer & Meyer
Release Date : 2019-01-21
Optimal Variability For Effective Motor Learning written by Jürgen Birklbauer and has been published by Meyer & Meyer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-21 with Sports & Recreation categories.
This thesis addresses different manifestations and practical implementations of movement variability in respect to their beneficial effects on movement coordination and learning. The focal point of this topic is formed by the comparison between the contextual interference paradigm and the differential learning approach, representing two variable practice strategies found to improve motor learning performance under certain conditions. The theoretical backgrounds and empirical findings of each approach are thoroughly reviewed in the first part of this work. These theoretical concepts, and their resultant practical training approaches, arrive at the notion of an optimal magnitude and structure of movement variability that should be encouraged during practice. The second part of this work presents a parallelgroup study designed to contrast the effects of a high contextual interference and schema-based practice regime with two variants of differential training on the adoption of two indoor hockey skills in beginners.
Systems And Software Variability Management
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Author : Rafael Capilla
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-12
Systems And Software Variability Management written by Rafael Capilla and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-12 with Computers categories.
The success of product line engineering techniques in the last 15 years has popularized the use of software variability as a key modeling approach for describing the commonality and variability of systems at all stages of the software lifecycle. Software product lines enable a family of products to share a common core platform, while allowing for product specific functionality being built on top of the platform. Many companies have exploited the concept of software product lines to increase the resources that focus on highly differentiating functionality and thus improve their competitiveness with higher quality and reusable products and decreasing the time-to-market condition. Many books on product line engineering either introduce specific product line techniques or include brief summaries of industrial cases. From these sources, it is difficult to gain a comprehensive understanding of the various dimensions and aspects of software variability. Here the editors address this gap by providing a comprehensive reference on the notion of variability modeling in the context of software product line engineering, presenting an overview of the techniques proposed for variability modeling and giving a detailed perspective on software variability management. Their book is organized in four main parts, which guide the reader through the various aspects and dimensions of software variability. Part 1 which is mostly written by the editors themselves introduces the major topics related to software variability modeling, thus providing a multi-faceted view of both technological and management issues. Next, part 2 of the book comprises four separate chapters dedicated to research and commercial tools. Part 3 then continues with the most practical viewpoint of the book presenting three different industry cases on how variability is managed in real industry projects. Finally, part 4 concludes the book and encompasses six different chapters on emerging research topics in software variability like e.g. service-oriented or dynamic software product lines, or variability and aspect orientation. Each chapter briefly summarizes “What you will learn in this chapter”, so both expert and novice readers can easily locate the topics dealt with. Overall, the book captures the current state of the art and best practices, and indicates important open research challenges as well as possible pitfalls. Thus it serves as a reference for researchers and practitioners in software variability management, allowing them to develop the next set of solutions, techniques and methods in this complicated and yet fascinating field of software engineering.
The Effects Of Intradimensional Variability On Conceptual Rule Problems
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Author : Kay C Vodarski
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1970
The Effects Of Intradimensional Variability On Conceptual Rule Problems written by Kay C Vodarski and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1970 with Concepts categories.
Movement System Variability
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Author : Keith Davids
language : en
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Release Date : 2006
Movement System Variability written by Keith Davids and has been published by Human Kinetics this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Efferent pathways categories.
This in-depth, multidisciplinary analysis of the latest research adds a new theoretical interpretation to the role of variability in movement behaviour. Many scientific disciplines are represented in the text and each chapter examines a range of topics.
The Theory Of Rules
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Author : Karl N. Llewellyn
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2011-04
The Theory Of Rules written by Karl N. Llewellyn and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-04 with Education categories.
Karl N. Llewellyn was one of the founders and major figures of legal realism, and his many keen insights have a central place in American law and legal understanding. Key to Llewellyn’s thinking was his conception of rules, put forward in his numerous writings and most famously in his often mischaracterized declaration that they are “pretty playthings.” Previously unpublished, The Theory of Rules is the most cogent presentation of his profound and insightful thinking about the life of rules. This book frames the development of Llewellyn’s thinking and describes the difference between what rules literally prescribe and what is actually done, with the gap explained by a complex array of practices, conventions, professional skills, and idiosyncrasies, most of which are devoted to achieving a law’s larger purpose rather than merely following the letter of a particular rule. Edited, annotated, and with an extensive analytic introduction by leading contemporary legal scholar Frederick Schauer, this rediscovered work contains material not found elsewhere in Llewellyn’s writings and will prove a valuable contribution to the existing literature on legal realism.