Variation Im Europ Ischen Kontrast

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Governance In Modern Society

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Author : Oscar van Heffen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09

Governance In Modern Society written by Oscar van Heffen and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Political Science categories.

This book is the immediate result of the co-operation of a great number of scholars in the Netherlands Institute of Government (NIG). NIG is an interuniversity research school. As such it has a double task. In addition to offering a Ph.D program to students in Public Administration it also is a research institute in which a great number of scholars from seven Dutch universities participate and work on a common research program. The chapters in this book are all products of the research program that started in 1995. This program had the ambition to explore the frontiers of the discipline in two respects. First by studying a number of recent developments in society and their consequences for the functioning of government. These consequences can be summarised as the development of a system of multi level and multi actor governance. Second, by contributing to the knowledge of institutions, both by studying what factors are most important in the formation and change of institutions and by studying the effects of institutions on the behaviour of actors in different political and administrative settings. Most contributions to this volume either have their origin in conferences organized by the NIG or were published as an NIG working paper. We are grateful to Marcia Clifford and Connie Hoekstra who prepared the final version of the manuscript, to Ian Priestnall who took care of the language editing and to an anonymous reviewer whose comments were gratefully used.

Subsidiarity And Eu Multilevel Governance

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Author : Serafín Pazos-Vidal
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-02-25

Subsidiarity And Eu Multilevel Governance written by Serafín Pazos-Vidal and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-25 with Political Science categories.

This book examines the theory and praxis of the legal concept of subsidiarity and the policy paradigm of multilevel governance, providing an updated overview on how subnational and national authorities engage within the EU institutional framework. Providing a theoretical assessment of real-life case studies, the book reflects on a number of key events from the negotiations of the European Convention to the process that led to the "Brexit" referendum and assesses the key agendas and institutional ethos of most actors involved in EU policymaking. It particularly focusses on the EU engagement of so-called non-privileged actors, such as subnational authorities from the UK, Germany, Austria, Italy, the Netherlands and Scandinavia, as well as national and regional parliaments. The author goes on to examine the sometimes selfish behaviour and individual agendas of the European Commission, European Parliament, Member States and even the European Court of Justice but also identifies many constructive ways of interaction that can decisively frame how EU decisions are made. This comprehensive book will be a useful reference to students, practitioners and academic researchers working in European politics, policymaking, public policy and EU law and integration.

Society And Economy In Early Modern Europe 1450 1789

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Author : Barry Taylor
language : en
Publisher: Manchester University Press
Release Date : 1989

Society And Economy In Early Modern Europe 1450 1789 written by Barry Taylor and has been published by Manchester University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Europe categories.

Geochemistry Of European Bottled Water

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Author : Clemens Reimann
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010

Geochemistry Of European Bottled Water written by Clemens Reimann and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Bottled water categories.

In Europe, ca. 1900 "mineral water" brandsare officially registered and bottled for drinking. Bottled waters isgroundwater and is in large parts of the continent rapidly developing into themain supply of drinking water for the general population.This book is the first state of the art overview of the chemistry ofgroundwaters from 40 European countries from Portugal to Russia, measured on1785 bottled water samples, equivalent to 1189 distinct bottled water brandsfrom 1247 wells in 884 locations plus an additional 500 tap water samplesacquired in 2008 by the network of EuroGeoSurveys experts all across Europe.In contrast to previously available compilations, all chemical data (containedon the enclosed CD) were measured in a single laboratory, under strict qualitycontrol with high internal and external reproducibility, affording a singlehigh quality, internally consistent dataset. More than 70 parameters weredetermined on every sample using state of the art analytical techniques withultra low detection limits (ICPMS, ICPOES, IC) at a single hydrochemical labfacility. Because of the wide geographical distributionof the water sources across 40 European countries, the bottled mineral,drinking and tap waters characterized herein may be used for obtaining a firstestimate of "ground- water geochemistry" at the scale of the EuropeanContinent, previously unavailable in this completeness, quality and coverage.The data published here allow for the first time to present a comprehensiveinternally consistent, overview of the natural distribution and variation ofthe determined chemical elements and additional state parameters of groundwaterat the European scale. Most elements show a very widerange, usually 3 to 4 but up to 7 orders of magnitude, of natural variation of their concentration. Data are interpreted in terms of their origin, considering hydrochemical parameters, such as the influence of soil, vegetation cover and mixing with deep waters, as well as other factors (bottling effects, leaching from bottles). A chapter is devoted to comparing the results from the bottled waters with those of European tap waters and previously published datasets. The authors also provide an overview of the legal framework, that any bottled water sold in the European Union must comply with. It provides a comprehensive compilation of current drinking water action levels in European countries, limiting values of the European Drinking/Mineral/Natural Mineral Water directives (1998/83/EC, 2003/40/EC, 2009/54/EC) and legislation in effect in 26 individual European Countries, and for comparison those of the FAO and in effect in the US (EPA, maximum contaminant levels [MCA]). The accompanying CD contains the extensive data sets, sample data (of 1189 different brands) and two previously published European water chemistry data sets.

The Unbound Prometheus

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Author : David S. Landes
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003-06-26

The Unbound Prometheus written by David S. Landes and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-06-26 with Business & Economics categories.

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Betel Quid And Areca Nut Chewing And Some Areca Nut Derived Nitrosamines

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Author : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans
language : en
Publisher: IARC
Release Date : 2004

Betel Quid And Areca Nut Chewing And Some Areca Nut Derived Nitrosamines written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and has been published by IARC this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Health & Fitness categories.

A working group of sixteen experts from seven countries re-evaluated the evidence of the carcinogenicity of betel-quid and areca-nut chewing and some areca-nut related nitrosamines. Betel-quid and areca-nut chewing are widely practised in many parts of Asia and in Asian-migrant communities elsewhere in the world. There are hundreds of millions of users worldwide. They evaluated betel quid with tobacco as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) on the basis of sufficient evidence of an increased risk of cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx and oesophagus. The working group reviewed epidemiological studies of human cancer, mainly studies from India, Pakistan and Taiwan (China). Studies on betel quid with tobacco and areca nut with tobacco in experimental animals now also provide sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity. The working group also evaluated betel quid without tobacco as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1), on the basis of sufficient evidence of an increased risk of oral cancer. Studies on betel quid without tobacco and areca nut without tobacco in experimental animals now also provide sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity. Areca nut, a common ingredient of betel quid and many different chewing preparations, including those available commercially, has been observed to cause oral submucous fibrosis

The Idea Of Galicia

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Author : Larry Wolff
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2012-01-09

The Idea Of Galicia written by Larry Wolff and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-09 with History categories.

Galicia was created at the first partition of Poland in 1772 and disappeared in 1918. Yet, in slightly over a century, the idea of Galicia came to have meaning for both the peoples who lived there and the Habsburg government that ruled it. Indeed, its memory continues to exercise a powerful fascination for those who live in its former territories and for the descendants of those who emigrated out of Galicia. The idea of Galicia was largely produced by the cultures of two cities, Lviv and Cracow. Making use of travelers' accounts, newspaper reports, and literary works, Wolff engages such figures as Emperor Joseph II, Metternich, Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, Ivan Franko, Stanisław Wyspiański, Tadeusz "Boy" Żeleński, Isaac Babel, Martin Buber, and Bruno Schulz. He shows the exceptional importance of provincial space as a site for the evolution of cultural meanings and identities, and analyzes the province as the framework for non-national and multi-national understandings of empire in European history.

Eu External Governance

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Author : Sandra Lavenex
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-09-13

Eu External Governance written by Sandra Lavenex and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-13 with Political Science categories.

The European Union has developed a wide array of external relations with its neighbouring countries. Without offering full membership, the EU nevertheless attempts to transfer its rules and policies to non-member countries. It is this extension of EU rules beyond EU borders that the analysis of external governance seeks to capture. The contributions to this volume explain the modes and effects of EU external governance in a variety of EU–non-member country relations in Western Europe, the former Soviet Union, and the Mediterranean region. They cover such diverse issues as trade, environment, security, and democracy promotion and explore the effects of EU institutions, EU power, and the domestic structures of its partner countries on the transfer of EU rules. This book was based on a special issue of Journal of European Public Policy.

German Pension Reform

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Author : Christina Benita Wilke
language : en
Publisher: Peter Lang
Release Date : 2009

German Pension Reform written by Christina Benita Wilke and has been published by Peter Lang this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Business & Economics categories.

The German pension system was the first formal pension system in the world, designed by Bismarck nearly 120 years ago. It has been very successful in providing high and reliable pension levels at reasonable contribution rates. While the generosity of the German pension system is considered a great social achievement, negative incentive effects of past reforms in the 1970s and 1980s and population aging are threatening the very core of the system. This has led to fundamental pension reforms since 1992. Based on a detailed simulation model of the German pension system, this book provides a thorough assessment of the system and its reforms. It shows that the latest reforms have put the system back onto a stable path and moved it from the old monolithic towards a multi-pillar system.

The International Bibliography Of Electron Microscopy 1950 1955

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Author : New York Society of Electron Microscopists
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1959

The International Bibliography Of Electron Microscopy 1950 1955 written by New York Society of Electron Microscopists and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1959 with Electron microscopes categories.