Vessel Based Imaging Techniques
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Vessel Based Imaging Techniques
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Author : Chun Yuan
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-10-10
Vessel Based Imaging Techniques written by Chun Yuan and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-10 with Medical categories.
This book provides comprehensive information on new and existing vessel imaging techniques, with the intention of improving diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of vascular and related diseases. In recent years, vessel wall imaging has expanded greatly into other beds (such as the intracranial and peripheral arteries) and many of the techniques available for evaluation and diagnosis have only previously been published in research papers. This book bridges that gap for clinicians, applying cutting edge research to their everyday practice. The first six sections of the book are centered around individual vessel beds. These chapters will teach clinicians the multi-modality imaging techniques available to image these vessels and related pathology with a focus on new imaging tools and techniques. The final two sections of the book will offer a more comprehensive technical background aimed at imaging scientists for the imaging techniques used and the relationship of blood flow and modeling to disease monitoring and prevention. This is an ideal guide for radiologists and imaging scientists looking to learn the latest techniques in vessel imaging.
3 D Imaging Of Coronary Vessels Using C Arm Ct
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Author : Chris Schwemmer
language : en
Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
Release Date : 2019-06-26
3 D Imaging Of Coronary Vessels Using C Arm Ct written by Chris Schwemmer and has been published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-26 with Medical categories.
Cardiovascular disease has become the number one cause of death worldwide. For the diagnosis and therapy of coronary artery disease, interventional C-arm-based fluoroscopy is an imaging method of choice. While these C-arm systems are also capable of rotating around the patient and thus allow a CT-like 3-D image reconstruction, their long rotation time of about five seconds leads to strong motion artefacts in 3-D coronary artery imaging. In this work, a novel method is introduced that is based on a 2-D-2-D image registration algorithm. It is embedded in an iterative algorithm for motion estimation and compensation and does not require any complex segmentation or user interaction. It is thus fully automatic, which is a very desirable feature for interventional applications. The method is evaluated on simulated and human clinical data. Overall, it could be shown that the method can be successfully applied to a large set of clinical data without user interaction or parameter changes, and with a high robustness against initial 3-D image quality, while delivering results that are at least up to the current state of the art, and better in many cases.
Intravascular Diagnostic Procedures And Imaging Techniques Versus Angiography Alone In Coronary Stenting
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Author : U. S. Department of Health and Human Services
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2013-07
Intravascular Diagnostic Procedures And Imaging Techniques Versus Angiography Alone In Coronary Stenting written by U. S. Department of Health and Human Services and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07 with Medical categories.
Coronary artery disease (CAD), is a narrowing (stenosis) of one or more of the epicardial coronary arteries. It is most commonly due to the buildup of plaque (atherosclerosis), which impedes the ability of these blood vessels to deliver oxygenated blood to the heart muscle (myocardium). Revascularization of the stenotic vessel either by dilatation using a balloon (also known as angioplasty) or by using a bypass venous graft (also known as coronary bypass) are the most common methods to restore blood supply. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or angioplasty with stent deployment is currently the most commonly performed revascularization procedure for CAD. PCI has traditionally been based on qualitative and quantitative coronary angiography (visual inspection of the radiocontrast lumenogram and computer-based quantification, respectively), an imaging technique for visualizing the interior of blood vessels. While angiography is the standard technique for anatomic visualization of coronary arteries, it is not without limitations as it does not provide information about what is causing the narrowing or whether the narrowing seriously impedes blood flow. Several adjunctive intravascular diagnostic procedures and imaging techniques have been developed for the purpose of providing more detailed anatomic and hemodynamic information about lesions in coronary arteries. However, whether this additional information improves patient outcomes and whether this improvement outweighs any risks introduced by the additional procedure needs to be considered. Using criteria based on the AHRQ CER Methods Guide, we assessed the strength of evidence for major comparisons of interest, as follows: • There is a moderate strength of evidence (drawn from one randomized controlled trial [RCT] and one nonrandomized study) that the adjunctive use of FFR during stenting, as compared with angiography alone, to decide whether an intermediate coronary lesion (50 to 70% stenosis) requires stenting, can confer a lower risk of composite endpoint of death or myocardial infarction (MI) or of major adverse cardiac event (MACE), decrease procedural costs, and lead to fewer stent implantations. However, these FFR studies also included patients with low risk lesions and lower grades of angina, and excluded left main coronary artery disease and acute MI. • There is a moderate strength of evidence (drawn from 9 RCTs and 22 nonrandomized studies) that supports no significant difference in mortality and MI, but a significant reduction in restenosis and repeat revascularizations with IVUS-guided stenting compared with stent placement guided by angiography alone. This significant reduction was observed in RCTs, but not observed in nonrandomized comparative studies. Notably, most of the RCTs were conducted before 2000 using previous generation bare-metal stents. • There is insufficient evidence concerning the use of any intravascular diagnostic techniques immediately after PCI to evaluate the success of stent placement as compared with angiography, or for direct comparisons between intravascular diagnostic techniques. • There is a moderate strength of evidence (on the basis of one large-sample-size nonrandomized study) that sex, diabetes mellitus status, lesion length and reference diameter, and interaction with IVUS- and angiography-guided stent placement did not show any significant association with individual components of death or MI or the composite outcome of MACE. • There is insufficient evidence to evaluate the comparative effect of techniques other than FFR and IVUS on outcomes. The present report describes the development of a stakeholder-prioritized list of research needs for that topic, along with a measured consideration of the advantages and disadvantages of various potential research designs, in order to help researchers and funders develop future research proposals or solicitations.
Understanding Cardiac Imaging Techniques
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Author : Paolo Marzullo
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date : 2001
Understanding Cardiac Imaging Techniques written by Paolo Marzullo and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Medical categories.
The availability of 3D imaging in cardiology has provided a large flow of information to the clinical management of low and high risk patients. However, the correlation among different findings such as perfusion, metabolism or wall motion abnormalities is difficult and mostly qualitative. In fact labs may return information that is frequently redundant or even conflicting due to lack of correlation between different techniques in imaging. The complexity of the problem is can be reflected in the technical differences of the many imaging techniques, for example, echocardiography is based on ultrasound while angiography is based on x-rays. This text collects the experiences of different specialists, starting from the basic concepts of cardiac imaging, analyzing differences and similarities between invasive and non-invasive techniques, challenged versus the computer point of view, in order to obtain an operative efficient guide in the field of image fusion.
Improvements On Vascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Author : Yibin Xie
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Improvements On Vascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Yibin Xie and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally and atherosclerosis is the primary underlying condition. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a promising diagnostic tool for evaluating atherosclerosis because of its excellent tissue contrast non-invasiveness. However many vascular MRI techniques have not been utilized clinically due to practical issues related to imaging speed, workflow, contrast media, and image quality. The primary focus of the work in this dissertation is to address some of these limitations and improve the capability of vascular MRI to accurately detect and characterize atherosclerotic lesions. Specifically, there are four areas of improvements of vascular MRI: First, an online respiratory self-gating method (ADIOS) was developed for noncontrast magnetic resonance angiography of renal arteries. Some drawbacks of the conventional navigator gating method, including complicated planning and saturation artifacts were eliminated. Testing on healthy subjects confirmed that the proposed method was able to provide high-quality visualization of renal arteries with no navigator-induced artifacts, simplified setup, and shorter scan time. Second, a diffusion-prepared turbo-spin-echo technique (DP-TSE) was developed to enable 3D high resolution diffusion weighted imaging for carotid plaque characterization without the need of contrast agent. The proposed method showed significantly higher vessel wall visibility, less distortion, and less partial volume effect. Apparent diffusion coefficient demonstrated the potential to differentiate lipid core from fibrous plaque tissue. Third, a black-blood imaging technique (DANTE-SPACE) was developed to improve flow signal suppression in vessel wall imaging. A combined carotid and intracranial arterial wall imaging protocol was designed and tested. DANTE-SPACE demonstrated significantly improved arterial and venous blood suppression compared with conventional methods. Preliminary clinical study showed that the proposed method had the potential to detect vessel wall dissection and accurately differentiate plaque components. Fourth, an imaging method for coronary plaque characterization was developed to allow simultaneous dark-blood T1-weighted imaging and bright-blood imaging. An image-based affine motion correction algorithm was designed to allow 100% respiratory gating efficiency. Results from healthy subjects demonstrated the feasibility of whole-heart coronary plaque imaging with isotropic high resolution. Preliminary results from patients with coronary artery disease showed the potential of this technique to detect intra-plaque hemorrhage and inflammation in the coronary wall.
Advanced Magnetic Resonance Vascular Imaging
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Author : Zhehao Hu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Advanced Magnetic Resonance Vascular Imaging written by Zhehao Hu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Vascular imaging plays a crucial role in the assessment of a variety of vascular diseases. In the past few decades, efforts have been made to establish various imaging modalities for the evaluation of vasculatures. For example, CT, PET, ultrasound, and MR, have all been shown to have the capability to visualize or quantify different vasculatures. MR vascular imaging, compared to other imaging modalities, has several unique advantages, and has evolved as an ever-attractive choice both in research and clinical studies. Based on the scale of the target vasculature, MR vascular imaging can be further classified into two subcategories: MR macrovascular imaging and MR microvascular imaging. Macrovascular imaging is developed to assess diseases of, for example, the aorta, the coronary, the sizable arteries in the brain, and etc. Classically, macrovascular imaging can be categorized into bright-blood and dark-blood techniques. As a bright-blood technique, MR angiography has evolved as an important tool in the evaluation of macro vessels. Well dark-blood imaging, also called vessel wall imaging, has shown great potentials because of its ability to directly visualize pathological changes within the vessel wall. In contrast, MR microvascular imaging concentrates upon "micro" blood vessels, including small arteries, arterioles, and capillaries, with some biomarkers quantified to assess vessel changes at the microscopic level. Permeability and perfusion are two widely adopted biomarkers in this scenario that can be generated by dynamic contrast-enhanced MR, which is DCE-MR and dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MR, which is DSC-MR, respectively. In recent years, with the advancements in imaging technologies, both MR macrovascular imaging and microvascular imaging have been applied to real clinical workflows to help with diagnosis and prognosis. For example, MR macrovascular imaging, especially MRA, is nearly always adopted as an adjunct in stroke diagnosis and etiology evaluation, while MR microvascular imaging has been shown to provide insights into many different aspects of brain tumors, like surgical planning and treatment response assessment. However, the vascular imaging techniques adopted in current paradigm for both applications are suboptimal and have several limitations. The primary goal of the work in the dissertation is to address the limitations by developing advanced MR macroscopic and microscopic vascular imaging techniques that can assist in stroke diagnosis and etiology evaluation and brain cancer evaluation, respectively. Specifically, for stroke etiology evaluation, a comprehensive two-station stroke etiology evaluation technique covering both the head-neck vasculature and the heart was developed. Our goal is to develop a technique that can be easily incorporated into clinical workup, and hopefully improves the diagnostics and patient outcomes. The technical development was divided into two specific aims, where Aim 1 is to develop a novel motion-compensated, data-driven accelerated 3D MR vessel wall imaging for the evaluation of the head-neck vessels, and Aim 2 is to develop a novel ECG- and navigator-free multi-dimensional assessment of cardiovascular system technique for the evaluation of the thoracic aorta and the cardiac structures. As for brain cancer evaluation, we developed a novel dynamic imaging for cerebrovascular evaluation technique based on MR multitasking framework for simultaneous 3D permeability and leakage-insensitive perfusion quantification based on single-dose of contrast injection. Feasibility of each developed technique is evaluated on both healthy subjects and patients
Image Segmentation And Shape Analysis Of Blood Vessels With Applications To Coronary Atherosclerosis
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Author : Yan Yang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Image Segmentation And Shape Analysis Of Blood Vessels With Applications To Coronary Atherosclerosis written by Yan Yang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
This study provides the possibility of fully automatic analysis of coronary atherosclerosis from CTA images, and has the potential to be used in a real clinical setting along with a friendly user interface. Comparing to the manual segmentation which takes approximately an hour for a single dataset, the automatic approach on average takes less than five minutes to complete, and gives more consistent results across datasets.
Angiography Vascular Assessment
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Author : Tom Anniston
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019-06-10
Angiography Vascular Assessment written by Tom Anniston and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-10 with categories.
Angiography is a type of medical imaging technique. It is used for the purpose of visualizing the inside of blood vessels and body organs, especially the veins, arteries and the heart chambers. In this technique, a radio-opaque contrast agent is injected into the blood vessel and the imaging is done through X-ray based techniques like fluoroscopy. Some of the common types of angiography include coronary CT angiography, fluorescein angiography, microangiography, neurovascular angiography and peripheral angiography. The access to the blood vessels is gained either through the femoral vein or the femoral artery, depending upon the type of angiogram. This book elucidates new techniques and their applications in a multidisciplinary manner. The topics included herein are of utmost significance and bound to provide incredible insights to readers. The book is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area as well as for experts.
The Role Of High Resolution Intracranial Vessel Wall Imaging In Intracranial Vasculopathies
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Author : Laisson de Moura Feitoza
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
The Role Of High Resolution Intracranial Vessel Wall Imaging In Intracranial Vasculopathies written by Laisson de Moura Feitoza and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Conventional imaging techniques for intracranial arteries (CTA, MRA and DSA) demonstrate abnormalities of the vessel lumen, but may fail to demonstrate vessel wall changes. The high-resolution vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (HR-VWI) had been used due to its directvisualization of the vessel wall.In this exhibit we provided a pictorial review of some vasculopathies in which the technique may be useful in clinical practice.
Magnetic Resonance Coronary Vessel Wall Imaging With Highly Efficient Respiratory Motion Correction
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Magnetic Resonance Coronary Vessel Wall Imaging With Highly Efficient Respiratory Motion Correction written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.