Vitamin D And The Lung
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Vitamin D And The Lung
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Author : Augusto A. Litonjua
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-05-23
Vitamin D And The Lung written by Augusto A. Litonjua and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-23 with Medical categories.
Vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide problem and many associations with diseases are being discovered. Recently, there has been an interest in the role that vitamin D plays in the inception and progression of lung disease. Vitamin D and the Lung: Mechanisms and Disease Associations delivers a concise, evidence-based review of the evidence for a role of vitamin D in various lung disorders. Divided into three sections, the first section of the book delivers a review of how vitamin D deficiency emerged in human populations, and gives a perspective on how humans evolved to maximize the efficiency of production of vitamin D. The second section of the book reviews aspects of vitamin D mechanisms on different immune cells, lung tissue, and genetics that have potential impact on lung disease. The third section follows with chapters on associations of vitamin D with the risk for viral infections, asthma and allergies, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, tuberculosis, and finally, lung cancer with an emphasis on ongoing research and clinical issues and needs for future research in each field. Written by an international group of expert authors, Vitamin D and the Lung: Mechanisms and Disease Associations is an essential text for researchers in the respiratory field and practicing clinicians including internists, pulmonologists, and primary care personnel.
Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated With Airway Remodelling And Altered Lung Structure And Function
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Author : Rachel Ee Lin Foong
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated With Airway Remodelling And Altered Lung Structure And Function written by Rachel Ee Lin Foong and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is high all over the world and there is now a large body of evidence linking vitamin D deficiency to chronic conditions, including autoimmune, infectious, cardiovascular and respiratory disease. Of relevance to chronic respiratory disease, some studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency is more prevalent in patients with asthma. Lower vitamin D levels are also associated with reduced lung function, increased asthma exacerbations and airway remodelling. In asthma, structural alterations in the lung have origins in early life, and factors that influence lung development may alter lung function and cause an increased susceptibility to disease in the long term. Vitamin D may be a factor affecting lung development, and maternal vitamin D deficiency may therefore contribute to asthma pathogenesis in children. This thesis examines the link between early-life vitamin D deficiency with airway remodelling and lung structure and function outcomes; as well as the role of vitamin D deficiency in chronic allergic airways disease. Specifically, this thesis addresses the hypotheses that 1) whole-life vitamin D deficiency impairs lung structure and function, and causes airway remodelling and airway hyperresponsiveness; 2) impairment in lung structure and function is caused by altered lung development as a result of vitamin D deficiency in utero; 3) vitamin D deficiency alters the expression of genes involved in airway remodelling; and 4) vitamin D deficiency exacerbates respiratory outcomes in chronic allergic airways disease. The development of a physiologically relevant mouse model of vitamin D deficiency, together with the establishment of an in utero and postnatal exposure model allowed for the investigation of early-life vitamin D status on lung structure and function. Vitamin D deficiency caused airway hyperresponsiveness in adult female mice and this was accompanied by an increase in airway smooth muscle mass, as well as smaller lung volume and altered lung structure. In utero vitamin D deficiency was sufficient to cause these changes. The use of an established protocol for development of a chronic asthma model, using the common aeroallergen house dust mite, showed that vitamin D deficiency increased airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation, but did not increase airway smooth muscle mass. Transcriptome sequencing via RNA-Seq demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency altered gene pathways involved in lung development and inflammation. Midline 1 was further identified as a potential mediator of asthma that is modulated by vitamin D. This study provides evidence that early life vitamin D deficiency has long term impacts on lung health. While postnatal supplementation may reduce inflammation, it may not be sufficient to alter lung structure defects, which are likely to be established early in life. Vitamin D deficiency has the propensity to modulate gene expression and this study has identified potential markers of disease modified by vitamin D. These results add substantially to the growing body of literature which implicates vitamin D deficiency in chronic lung disease and highlights the importance of vitamin D not only in disease, but also in lung development.
The Role Of Vitamin D In Pulmonary Function And Lung Gene Expression
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Author : Brian John Reardon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
The Role Of Vitamin D In Pulmonary Function And Lung Gene Expression written by Brian John Reardon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Decline in lung function is a risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Vitamin D may protect against loss of lung function by modulating inflammation and tissue remodeling. We investigated the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) and genetic variants in vitamin D metabolic pathway genes with prognostic measures of obstructive lung disease including forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and the ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) using data from the Health Aging and Body Composition cohort study of adults aged 70-79. We also obtained the first evidence of differential gene expression in lung epithelial cells associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in free-living humans. In regression models, there was a significant cross-sectional association of 25-OH-D with FEV1. We detected no association between 25OH-D and rate of FEV1 decline over 10 years. The longitudinal results suggest that vitamin D supplementation in non-deficient individuals is unlikely to prevent decline in lung function in this age range. However, results are also compatible with a beneficial effect of vitamin D earlier in life, which may explain the cross-sectional association of 25-OH-D with lung function. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in vitamin D metabolic pathway genes were tested in linear regression models stratified by race. In African-Americans, rs3886163 and 2 haplotypes in CYP24A1 were associated with FEV1, and rs11168293 in VDR was associated with FEV1/FVC, after correction for multiple testing. Two gene-environment interactions, between serum 25-OH-D and SNPs in RXRA, in European-Americans were significant with false discovery rate (FDR)
Vitamin D Interaction With Vitamin A And Lung Cancer
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Author : Ting-Yuan Cheng
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Vitamin D Interaction With Vitamin A And Lung Cancer written by Ting-Yuan Cheng and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Vitamin D inhibits several pathways of lung cancer carcinogenesis and cells in the respiratory tract produce and utilize vitamin D. Vitamin D's functions rely on vitamin D receptor together with retinoid X receptor, which ligands with 9-cis-retinoic acid, a vitamin A (retinol) metabolite. The objectives of this dissertation are to investigate 1) whether high versus low vitamin D intake is associated with lower lung cancer incidence, 2) whether high/excess vitamin A intake attenuates the inverse association of vitamin D intake with lung cancer, and 3) whether vitamin D intake is associated with vitamin D status, represented by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. Data sources were the Women's Health Initiative Clinical Trials and Observational Study (WHI-CT and OS), recruiting postmenopausal women mostly former/never smokers, and the Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET), recruiting male and female current/former heavy smokers and workers with occupational exposure to asbestos. Vitamin D exposure included total vitamin D intake from food and dietary supplements and 1 g calcium+400 IU vitamin D3 daily supplementation from the WHI Calcium/Vitamin D Trial. Vitamin A exposure included total vitamin A intake from food and dietary supplements and CARET's intervention--30 mg beta-carotene+25,000 IU retinyl palmitate daily supplementation (22,500 [mu] g/day Retinal Activity Equivalent [RAE]). Results from the WHI-OS showed that total vitamin D intake was strongly associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations after adjusting for available covariates and sun exposure variables. The vitamin D intake-lung cancer associations were examined separately in the WHI CT+OS and CARET. High (≥400 IU/day in WHI and ≥600 IU/day in CARET) versus low total vitamin D intake was associated with a lower risk of lung cancer, particularly for non-small cell lung cancer and adenocarcinoma, among never smokers in WHI and former smokers in CARET. The patterns of effect modification of vitamin A intake were heterogeneous according to participants' smoking status. Among current smokers (and CARET former smokers, who generally were heavy smokers before quitting), an inverse association of total vitamin D intake with lung cancer was only observed among those with high total vitamin A intake (≥3,000 [mu] g/day RAE in WHI [P-interaction=0.26] and ≥1,500 [mu] g/day RAE in CARET [P-interaction=0.08]) or receiving the CARET intervention (P-interaction=0.24). However, among WHI participants as a whole, high vitamin A intake (≥1,000 [mu] g/day RAE) may attenuate a protective association of 1 g calcium+400 IU vitamin D3 supplementation with lung cancer (P-interaction=0.09). The difference in smoking between WHI and CARET may contribute to the discrepant findings on vitamin A effect modification. The findings need further confirmation by biomarkers of vitamin A that reflects internal dose and have less measurement error compared to dietary data. This work demonstrates that vitamin D is an important determinant for postmenopausal women and provides important fundamentals for vitamin D and vitamin A in lung cancer prevention.
Nutrition Immunity And Lung Health Time To Take Center Stage
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Author : Emma Derbyshire
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-01-21
Nutrition Immunity And Lung Health Time To Take Center Stage written by Emma Derbyshire and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-21 with Medical categories.
Vitamin D
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Author : Joyanna Gilmour Hansen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Vitamin D written by Joyanna Gilmour Hansen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Vitamin D, a pleiotropic hormone essential for calcium homeostasis, has generated widespread interest due to associations with numerous health outcomes. Cross-sectional studies of vitamin D and lung function reported strong, positive associations, but representative, longitudinal population-based studies are lacking, and biological mechanisms are unclear. Lung function decline is the primary characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the 3rd leading cause of mortality in the United States; given limited treatments to delay progression, identifying preventative approaches is critical. This work aims to elucidate determinants of vitamin D status, and investigate the role of vitamin D as a determinant of lung function. First, we explored genetic and non-genetic determinants of serum vitamin D [25(OH)D] in African Americans. Approximately 25% of 25(OH)D variability was explained by non-genetic factors, and multivitamin supplement use was the strongest predictor. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the vitamin D binding protein modified the effect of multivitamin supplement use on 25(OH)D. About 23% of 25(OH)D variability was estimated to be attributable to genetic variation, with replication in a separate cohort. However, the influence of genetic ancestry made an exact estimate impossible; further exploration of genetic determinants of 25(OH)D in African Americans is needed. Second, potential mechanisms for vitamin D-lung health associations were explored through a cross-sectional study of SNPs in 13 candidate vitamin Dresponsive genes. SNPs in SGPP2, a phosphatase in the sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling pathway, were associated with lung function and COPD risk. Further, we identified an association between SNPs in SGPP2 and lung-tissue specific expression of SGPP2. While specific mechanisms remain to be investigated, SGPP2 is a promising vitamin D-responsive candidate gene. Finally, associations between variants in vitamin D metabolic genes, serum 25(OH)D and lung function were explored in the Framingham Heart Study. SNPs in four vitamin D metabolic genes were associated with rate of change in FEV1, but there was no association between 25(OH)D and rate of change in FEV1 in the Third Generation cohort, a group of largely vitamin D sufficient middleaged adults. Future studies should consider the influence of baseline nutritional status and underlying genetic variation on vitamin D-disease associations.
Powerful Medicine
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Author : Lucinda Messer
language : en
Publisher: Dog Ear Publishing
Release Date : 2009-12
Powerful Medicine written by Lucinda Messer and has been published by Dog Ear Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12 with Naturopathy categories.
"Vitamin D deficiency is a world-wide epidemic, with over one billion people at risk for its associated diseases." www.vitamindcouncil.org Powerful Medicine: Vitamin D is the inside scoop on what has become a very real health crisis around the world. Inside these pages you'll find out exactly how vitamin D operates in the body and what happens when it's not available for protection. A deficiency in vitamin D is the main reason we have skyrocketing incidence of Cancer, MS, Diabetes, Osteoporosis, Depression, Season Affective Disorder, Autism, Hypertension and more. And what can healthy levels of vitamin D do for you? To start with, activated vitamin D can: halt tumor growth and reduce tumor size, improve heart health by regulating blood pressure, improve insulin production and regulate blood sugar levels, improve chances of survival from cancer related surgery, keep bones healthy by regulating calcium levels, improve mental health and provide protection from the common cold, viruses and much, much more. By reading this book you are stepping onto a path that will ultimately protect you and your loved ones from the natural consequences of vitamin D deficiency. In light and health, Lucinda Messer, N.D. Dr. Messer is a naturopathic physician and graduate of the prestigious Bastyr University. She has been in private practice for 15 years; specializing in women's health, nutritional and anti-aging medicine. Dr. Messer's writings on anti-aging, the thyroid and natural hormone therapies, have been widely published and she's frequently asked to speak on nutritional medicine. You can find Dr. Messer on the web at www.powerfulmedicine-vitd.com and www.DrLMesser.com. Her co-author Sidse Powell is a freelance writer with an undergrad in biochemistry and alumni of Seattle's The Film School. www.sidsewrites.com. The illustrations and cover were designed by Riley Dickens, a freelance artist with disciplines in film, animation, 2D/3D design, illustration, acrylics, digital paint, and more. www.rileydickens.com.
Impact Of Vitamin D And Vitamin D Binding Protein On The Respiratory Health Of Farmers In The French Region Of Auvergne
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Author : Hugues François
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Impact Of Vitamin D And Vitamin D Binding Protein On The Respiratory Health Of Farmers In The French Region Of Auvergne written by Hugues François and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Recent epidemiological studies have found relationship of serum 25-OH Vitamin D (Vitamin D) with respiratory outcomes and lung functions. We look for a relationship of respiratory health with Vitamin D and the Vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) among farmers from the French region of Auvergne. A cross-sectional epidemiological study was realised between 2009 and 2010 among 359 adults of the FERMA study population. A standardized questionnaire (current allergic nasal and ocular symptoms, current allergic nasal symptoms, current cough, current regular cough and expectoration, current wheezing or whistling, recent shortness of breath, and asthma) was recorded. A lung spirometry wiht bronchodilator test was realised. The serum level of Vitamin D (chemiluminescence technology) and VDBP (by ELISA) were measured. The mean serum level of Vitamin D was 17 ng/mL and of VDBP was 123.73 ng/mL. Current regular cough and expectoration is inversely related wiht Vit D (adjusted Odds Ratio = 0.311,95% CI : 0.103-0.937).Small airways disease (FEF25-75
Investigating The Immuno Modulatory Roles Of Vitamin D And Aplha 1 Antitrypsin In Human Lung Diseases
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Author : Hebe Chen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Investigating The Immuno Modulatory Roles Of Vitamin D And Aplha 1 Antitrypsin In Human Lung Diseases written by Hebe Chen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Lungs categories.
These findings suggest an interaction between vitamin D and AA T and support the concept that both are important mediators in the maintenance of respiratory health. Understanding how those mediators exert protective effects in the airways is critical in optimizing therapeutic strategies for AATD, where the only approved therapy has many limitations.
Effect Of Vitamin D Supplementation On Prevention Of Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
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Author : Jing Guo
language : en
Publisher: Open Dissertation Press
Release Date : 2017-01-26
Effect Of Vitamin D Supplementation On Prevention Of Upper Respiratory Tract Infections written by Jing Guo and has been published by Open Dissertation Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-26 with categories.
This dissertation, "Effect of vitamin D supplementation on prevention of upper respiratory tract infections: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials / y Guo Jing" by Jing, Guo, 郭婧, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Background The prevention of chronic diseases has always been a major focus in the medical field as a measure to improve public health. As a potential prevention to one of the most common chronic diseases, vitamin D was previously reported to show some signs of positive effect on the prevention of upper respiratory tract infections. Although trials were performed to demonstrate the association between the effectiveness of vitamin D and upper respiratory tract infections in the past few years, the number of randomized controlled trials was limited. Only one systematic review with meta-analysis was carried out to study the effect of vitamin D supplementation on prevention of respiratory tract infections (Charan et al., 2012). Aim A systematic review of the existing evidence was carried out with the aim to examine the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation as an intervention in prevention of upper respiratory tract infections. Method Studies were selectively chosen based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Retrieval of studies was performed and identified from MEDLINE (Ovid) and PUBMED. MeSH terms of "Vitamin D" and "Upper respiratory tract infections" were applied in the search. Only randomized controlled trials were selected. Non-English publications, reviews, discussions, conference papers, and publications with outcomes being not incidence of URTI, were excluded. The quality of each study was evaluated using the Jadad scale (Jadad et al., 1996). Data from the trials was extracted into the meta-analysis, and odds ratios and confidence intervals were used as measures of the association between vitamin D supplementation and incidence of upper respiratory tract infections across studies. Result Five randomized controlled trials were included in this review. In this meta-analysis, the number of events of upper respiratory tract infections in vitamin D group was lower than that in the placebo group (OR=0.53), suggesting that a 47% lower odds of falling in vitamin D groups than in controls. The 95% confidence interval ranged from 0.30to 0.93and did not include 1, suggesting that the effect of vitamin D on prevention of upper respiratory tract infections was significant. However, when the trials were divided into children and adult groups, the results were significantly different. The result of the trials with two children gave an OR of 0.33(95%CI: 0.13, 0.83), meaning a positive effect of vitamin D could be observed in the vitamin D group, compared to the placebo group. Meanwhile, three trials on adults had an OR of 0.78 (95%CI: 0.56, 1.09), which was insufficient to suggest the two groups were different. Conclusion While the positive effect of vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of upper respiratory tract infections is evident on children in this review, it is much less significant on adults due to inconsistencies in the results. Therefore, more research and trials with improved methodologies would be required in the future to increase our understanding and provide more certainty on this matter. DOI: 10.5353/th_b5098550 Subjects: Respiratory infections - Prevention Vitamin D - Health aspects